電動車電池哪種好

1、鉛酸蓄電池

優點：鉛酸蓄電池為數量最(zui)(zui)多。鉛酸蓄電池的(de)價格最(zui)(zui)低(di)，也最(zui)(zui)常用，中國(guo)是(shi)全世界鉛酸蓄電池最(zui)(zui)大的(de)生產(chan)國(guo)。其含(han)污染的(de)成分比較少，可回收性好。

缺點：比容小、壽命短。也就是說，在同樣的容量下，電池重量和體積都大。目前的鉛酸蓄電池基本上是由浮充類型的電池發展而來的。浮充電池不適應快速充電和大電流放電，雖然技術人員的花費了大量的心血進行了卓有成效的改進，可以進入實用了，但是作為電動車電池其壽命還是非常不理想的。

該圖片由注冊用戶"志士豪杰"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、鎳氫電池

優點：鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)的(de)比容比鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池(chi)好很(hen)多，單體電(dian)池(chi)的(de)壽命也(ye)比較好，其(qi)大電(dian)流充放電(dian)特(te)性(xing)也(ye)比鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池(chi)好。

缺點(dian)：鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)串連(lian)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)組的(de)(de)管(guan)理問題比較多，一旦發生(sheng)過(guo)充電(dian)以(yi)后(hou)，就會(hui)形成單體電(dian)池(chi)(chi)隔(ge)板(ban)熔化的(de)(de)問題，導致整組電(dian)池(chi)(chi)迅(xun)速失(shi)效。所以(yi)，國(guo)產(chan)的(de)(de)鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)關鍵技術(shu)問題還(huan)(huan)是(shi)充電(dian)器和電(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統的(de)(de)問題，而這個問題還(huan)(huan)沒有引起(qi)各個電(dian)池(chi)(chi)制(zhi)造商和車廠足夠(gou)的(de)(de)重視。所以(yi)，鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)發展收到很大的(de)(de)制(zhi)約。

3、鎳鎘電池

優點：鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流特(te)性(xing)比鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)好(hao)(hao)，其(qi)(qi)抗(kang)過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性(xing)也(ye)比鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)好(hao)(hao)，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)又是(shi)世界上鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)大(da)國(guo)。一些人(ren)提出(chu)鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)污染的(de)(de)問題，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)現在還(huan)在大(da)量的(de)(de)向(xiang)歐(ou)洲出(chu)口鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)及(ji)其(qi)(qi)應(ying)用產(chan)品，歐(ou)洲到(dao)2006年才(cai)開始限制(zhi)。據中(zhong)(zhong)央電(dian)(dian)(dian)視臺播放的(de)(de)消息，神州(zhou)五號還(huan)是(shi)采用鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)。這是(shi)其(qi)(qi)相對比較高的(de)(de)可靠(kao)性(xing)的(de)(de)優點使該品種電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)還(huan)在應(ying)用與宇航設備上。這樣看，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車方面過(guo)早的(de)(de)使鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)退出(chu)應(ying)用是(shi)否有(you)一些過(guo)激?而(er)鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)和(he)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)都明顯低于鎳氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)，只要回收處理(li)好(hao)(hao)了，還(huan)是(shi)應(ying)該保(bao)留這個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)品種的(de)(de)。

4、鋰離子電池

優(you)點：鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)比容(rong)要好于(yu)鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池，對(dui)于(yu)同樣容(rong)量的(de)鉛酸蓄電(dian)(dian)池來說，鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)重量相當于(yu)一臺筆記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)腦，這樣老弱婦(fu)孺就都可以使用(yong)(yong)了。其壽命也可以比鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)池做得(de)好。目(mu)前的(de)手(shou)機電(dian)(dian)池基本(ben)上都是采用(yong)(yong)這種電(dian)(dian)池。

缺點：鋰電池的內阻相對比較大，在電動自行車上使用會出現電池即將完全放電的時候感覺車的動力不足。鋰離子電動車電池更主(zhu)要(yao)的(de)(de)問(wen)題是在過(guo)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)會發生爆炸(zha)，手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)都是使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，再經(jing)過(guo)良好(hao)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路來配合使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)，基(ji)本(ben)(ben)上(shang)杜絕了電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)爆炸(zha)的(de)(de)問(wen)題。而在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自(zi)行(xing)車上(shang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)，必須(xu)要(yao)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組，而串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)復雜程(cheng)度(du)遠遠超過(guo)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路，其材(cai)料成本(ben)(ben)也大(da)大(da)增加。目前一(yi)個(ge)良好(hao)的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)保(bao)(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)路的(de)(de)成本(ben)(ben)接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)本(ben)(ben)身的(de)(de)價格。

如何選購電動車電池

1、外觀

查看產品(pin)(pin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否有(you)(you)變(bian)形、裂(lie)紋、劃痕(hen)及(ji)漏液痕(hen)跡。電(dian)(dian)(dian)池接(jie)線端子上(shang)應干凈，無銹蝕，標志應清(qing)晰。好(hao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池外(wai)殼很厚實(shi)，接(jie)線端子粗大(da)，而且電(dian)(dian)(dian)池上(shang)印字也清(qing)晰，另外(wai)要找準(zhun)正(zheng)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)，假冒偽(wei)劣的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池在(zai)外(wai)觀上(shang)與正(zheng)品(pin)(pin)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)區別的(de)(de)，要仔細辨認(ren)。一般大(da)品(pin)(pin)牌的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池都(dou)有(you)(you)防偽(wei)標識，防偽(wei)標識都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)統一的(de)(de)，防偽(wei)碼都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)16位，具有(you)(you)唯一性，每只電(dian)(dian)(dian)池上(shang)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)獨的(de)(de)號碼。而且防偽(wei)查詢(xun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)話是(shi)(shi)(shi)國家質檢總局的(de)(de)，這個(ge)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沒(mei)法造(zao)假的(de)(de)。

2、性能測試

查(cha)看電(dian)(dian)池外觀后，要對電(dian)(dian)池進行性能(neng)測試(shi)。性能(neng)優(you)良的電(dian)(dian)動車蓄電(dian)(dian)池內阻小(xiao)，單體電(dian)(dian)壓誤(wu)差也小(xiao)。

內阻：大電(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)時測(ce)量蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)壓，電(dian)(dian)壓降的越小越好；

單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)：電(dian)(dian)(dian)池充電(dian)(dian)(dian)進入飽和后和蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應該是一(yi)直的，誤差以(yi)小于0.05伏(fu)為最好。

3、額定容量

電(dian)池(chi)標注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)額定容量越大(da)，電(dian)池(chi)放電(dian)時間(jian)越長。最好(hao)不要購(gou)買無額定標注(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池(chi)，要注(zhu)意是否為(wei)電(dian)動(dong)車專(zhuan)用(yong)。如有多個容量標注(zhu)，應(ying)以額定容量為(wei)準。另外，選購(gou)與電(dian)池(chi)配套的(de)(de)(de)、帶自動(dong)控(kong)制的(de)(de)(de)智能型充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)。合適的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)器(qi)能自動(dong)調(diao)節充(chong)電(dian)大(da)小和時間(jian)，有利于延長電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。

4、電動車電池種類

當前(qian)市場上(shang)電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池(chi)種類較(jiao)多，比(bi)如(ru)鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，三(san)元鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，磷酸(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)等等。不(bu)同種類的(de)電(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用壽命不(bu)同，價格也(ye)有(you)各自的(de)差異，對(dui)環境污(wu)染各不(bu)一(yi)樣。當然鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)目前(qian)使用較(jiao)多的(de)，優點是(shi)價格便(bian)宜(yi)這也(ye)是(shi)很多人選擇的(de)主要原(yuan)因之一(yi)，其實除了鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外我們還可以有(you)更多的(de)選擇，例如(ru)磷酸(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，與鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)相比(bi)較(jiao)，重量輕2-3倍，使用壽命也(ye)是(shi)鉛(qian)(qian)酸(suan)的(de)好幾倍，長時(shi)間(jian)對(dui)比(bi)其實磷酸(suan)鐵鋰電(dian)(dian)池(chi)會(hui)相對(dui)便(bian)宜(yi)一(yi)點，且無污(wu)染。

5、看品牌

大品牌的電動車電池信譽有保障，質量也過關，而且大品牌售后服務也到位。買電動車電池質量是(shi)首要(yao)的(de)，同時售(shou)后服務也是(shi)必須的(de)，要(yao)注(zhu)意購買的(de)電(dian)動車電(dian)池售(shou)后服務完不完善。