電動車電池哪種好

1、鉛酸蓄電池

優點：鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池為(wei)數量最(zui)多。鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池的(de)價格最(zui)低，也最(zui)常用，中國是全世界鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池最(zui)大的(de)生產國。其含污染的(de)成分比(bi)較少，可回收性好。

缺點：比容小、壽命短。也就是說，在同樣的容量下，電池重量和體積都大。目前的鉛酸蓄電池基本上是由浮充類型的電池發展而來的。浮充電池不適應快速充電和大電流放電，雖然技術人員的花費了大量的心血進行了卓有成效的改進，可以進入實用了，但是作為電動車電池其壽命還(huan)是非常不理想的。

該圖片由注冊用戶"志士豪杰"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、鎳氫電池

優點：鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的比容比鉛酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)好很多，單體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的壽命(ming)也(ye)比較(jiao)好，其(qi)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)特性也(ye)比鉛酸(suan)(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)好。

缺點：鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組(zu)(zu)的管理問題比較多，一(yi)旦發(fa)生過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)以后，就會形成單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)隔板(ban)熔化的問題，導致整(zheng)組(zu)(zu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)迅速失(shi)效(xiao)。所以，國產(chan)的鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的關鍵技術問題還(huan)是充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)管理系統(tong)的問題，而這個(ge)問題還(huan)沒有引起各個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)制造商和車廠足夠的重視。所以，鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的發(fa)展收到(dao)很大的制約。

3、鎳鎘電池

優(you)點(dian)：鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)大電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流特性(xing)比鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)好(hao)，其(qi)抗過充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特性(xing)也(ye)比鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)好(hao)，中國(guo)又是(shi)世界上(shang)鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生產大國(guo)。一些(xie)人提出鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)污染(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，中國(guo)現(xian)在還(huan)在大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)向歐洲出口鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)及其(qi)應(ying)用產品(pin)，歐洲到2006年(nian)才開(kai)始限制。據(ju)中央電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視臺播放的(de)(de)(de)(de)消息，神(shen)州五號還(huan)是(shi)采用鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。這是(shi)其(qi)相(xiang)對比較高的(de)(de)(de)(de)可靠性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)優(you)點(dian)使該(gai)品(pin)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)還(huan)在應(ying)用與宇航設備上(shang)。這樣(yang)看，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行車方面(mian)過早的(de)(de)(de)(de)使鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)退(tui)出應(ying)用是(shi)否(fou)有一些(xie)過激?而鎳鎘(ge)(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本和充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本都明顯低于(yu)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，只要(yao)回收處理好(hao)了，還(huan)是(shi)應(ying)該(gai)保留這個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)品(pin)種的(de)(de)(de)(de)。

4、鋰離子電池

優點(dian)：鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)比容要好于鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)，對于同(tong)樣容量的(de)(de)鉛酸蓄電(dian)池(chi)來說，鋰離(li)(li)子電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)重量相當于一臺(tai)筆記本電(dian)腦(nao)，這樣老(lao)弱婦孺就(jiu)都可以(yi)使用了(le)。其壽命(ming)也可以(yi)比鎳(nie)氫電(dian)池(chi)做(zuo)得(de)好。目前(qian)的(de)(de)手機(ji)電(dian)池(chi)基本上都是采用這種電(dian)池(chi)。

缺點：鋰電池的內阻相對比較大，在電動自行車上使用會出現電池即將完全放電的時候感覺車的動力不足。鋰離子電動車電池更(geng)主要的(de)問題(ti)是在過(guo)(guo)(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)(guo)(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會發生(sheng)爆(bao)炸，手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)都是使(shi)用的(de)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，再經過(guo)(guo)(guo)良好(hao)的(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)來(lai)配合使(shi)用，基本(ben)(ben)上杜絕了電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)爆(bao)炸的(de)問題(ti)。而在電(dian)(dian)(dian)動自(zi)行(xing)車上使(shi)用，必(bi)須(xu)要使(shi)用串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組，而串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)組的(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)復雜(za)程度(du)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超(chao)過(guo)(guo)(guo)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，其材料成本(ben)(ben)也大大增加。目前一個良好(hao)的(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)成本(ben)(ben)接近電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)本(ben)(ben)身的(de)價格。

如何選購電動車電池

1、外觀

查看產品(pin)(pin)是(shi)否有(you)變形、裂(lie)紋、劃(hua)痕(hen)及漏(lou)液痕(hen)跡(ji)。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)接線端子(zi)(zi)上(shang)應干凈，無銹蝕，標(biao)志應清晰。好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動車(che)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外殼(ke)很厚(hou)實，接線端子(zi)(zi)粗大，而且電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上(shang)印字(zi)也(ye)清晰，另外要找準正(zheng)品(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)，假冒偽(wei)(wei)劣的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在外觀上(shang)與正(zheng)品(pin)(pin)還是(shi)有(you)區別的(de)(de)(de)，要仔(zi)細辨認。一(yi)(yi)般大品(pin)(pin)牌的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都有(you)防(fang)偽(wei)(wei)標(biao)識(shi)，防(fang)偽(wei)(wei)標(biao)識(shi)都是(shi)統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)，防(fang)偽(wei)(wei)碼都是(shi)16位，具有(you)唯一(yi)(yi)性，每只電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)上(shang)都是(shi)單獨的(de)(de)(de)號碼。而且防(fang)偽(wei)(wei)查詢電(dian)(dian)話是(shi)國(guo)家質(zhi)檢總局的(de)(de)(de)，這(zhe)個(ge)是(shi)沒法造假的(de)(de)(de)。

2、性能測試

查看電(dian)(dian)池外觀后，要對電(dian)(dian)池進行性能測試(shi)。性能優良(liang)的電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)池內阻小，單體電(dian)(dian)壓誤差(cha)也小。

內阻：大電(dian)流放電(dian)時測量(liang)蓄電(dian)池電(dian)壓，電(dian)壓降(jiang)的越小越好；

單(dan)體電(dian)壓：電(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)進入飽和后和蓄電(dian)池(chi)的電(dian)壓應該是(shi)一直的，誤差以小于0.05伏為最(zui)好。

3、額定容量

電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標(biao)注(zhu)的(de)(de)額定容量(liang)(liang)越(yue)大，電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)時間越(yue)長。最好不要購(gou)買無額定標(biao)注(zhu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，要注(zhu)意是(shi)否(fou)為電(dian)(dian)動車專用。如有(you)多(duo)個容量(liang)(liang)標(biao)注(zhu)，應以額定容量(liang)(liang)為準。另外，選購(gou)與電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)配套的(de)(de)、帶(dai)自動控制(zhi)的(de)(de)智能(neng)型(xing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器。合適(shi)的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)器能(neng)自動調節充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)大小和時間，有(you)利于延(yan)長電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。

4、電動車電池種類

當前(qian)市(shi)場上電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)種類較(jiao)多，比(bi)如鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，三元鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)等(deng)等(deng)。不同(tong)種類的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)使用壽(shou)命(ming)不同(tong)，價格也有(you)各(ge)自(zi)的(de)(de)(de)差異，對(dui)環境污染(ran)各(ge)不一樣。當然鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)是(shi)(shi)目前(qian)使用較(jiao)多的(de)(de)(de)，優點是(shi)(shi)價格便(bian)宜這也是(shi)(shi)很多人(ren)選擇(ze)的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)原因之(zhi)一，其實除了鉛酸(suan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外我們(men)還可以有(you)更多的(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)，例如磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，與(yu)鉛酸(suan)相(xiang)比(bi)較(jiao)，重量(liang)輕2-3倍(bei)，使用壽(shou)命(ming)也是(shi)(shi)鉛酸(suan)的(de)(de)(de)好(hao)幾(ji)倍(bei)，長時(shi)間對(dui)比(bi)其實磷酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會相(xiang)對(dui)便(bian)宜一點，且無污染(ran)。

5、看品牌

大品牌的電動車電池信譽有保障，質量也過關，而且大品牌售后服務也到位。買電動車電池質量是首要的，同時(shi)售后服(fu)務也是必須(xu)的，要注(zhu)意購(gou)買的電動(dong)車(che)電池售后服(fu)務完不完善。