一、光衰減器有什么作用
光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減器(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)子(zi)學中(zhong)廣泛應用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)一種器(qi)(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian),它的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)就是(shi)對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)功率(lv)進行衰(shuai)(shuai)減,能夠有效地調(diao)節(jie)入(ru)射光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)強度,起到控制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)亮度的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong),在許多光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)通信(xin)(xin)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)是(shi)必不(bu)可(ke)少的(de)(de)(de)。一般來(lai)說,光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減器(qi)(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于調(diao)節(jie)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)強度,使其達(da)到所需的(de)(de)(de)范圍或(huo)者匹(pi)配其他(ta)器(qi)(qi)(qi)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)點。在光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)通信(xin)(xin)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong),光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減器(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)以用(yong)(yong)來(lai)控制(zhi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)(de)(de)強度,以便在不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)輸(shu)距離和(he)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)要求下保持(chi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)在適(shi)當的(de)(de)(de)功率(lv)范圍內。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減器(qi)(qi)(qi)也可(ke)以用(yong)(yong)于建(jian)立動態的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)衰(shuai)(shuai)減,以模擬現實環境中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減情況(kuang),從而測試和(he)驗(yan)證光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)魯棒性和(he)性能。
二、光衰減器原理是什么
光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)器(qi)是能降(jiang)低(di)光(guang)(guang)信號能量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)一(yi)種光(guang)(guang)器(qi)件,用(yong)于對輸入光(guang)(guang)功(gong)率的(de)(de)調整,從而(er)達到光(guang)(guang)路(lu)上(shang)(shang)所(suo)需要的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)功(gong)率,它的(de)(de)工作原理(li)主要有(you)三種:1、位移(yi)原理(li):利用(yong)光(guang)(guang)纖的(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)隨其對中(zhong)精度(du)(du)而(er)變(bian)化的(de)(de)原理(li),在(zai)對接光(guang)(guang)纖時,使光(guang)(guang)纖之間發生一(yi)定(ding)位移(yi),從而(er)達到衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)一(yi)定(ding)光(guang)(guang)能量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。2、衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)片(pian)(pian)原理(li):直接將(jiang)具有(you)吸(xi)收特性(xing)的(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)片(pian)(pian)固定(ding)在(zai)光(guang)(guang)路(lu)中(zhong),衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)片(pian)(pian)采用(yong)吸(xi)收型玻(bo)璃(li)片(pian)(pian)或在(zai)玻(bo)璃(li)基(ji)片(pian)(pian)上(shang)(shang)鍍吸(xi)收膜(mo)的(de)(de)方(fang)法來制作,在(zai)玻(bo)璃(li)基(ji)片(pian)(pian)上(shang)(shang)蒸(zheng)鍍透(tou)射系數(shu)(shu)(或反(fan)射系數(shu)(shu)變(bian)化很(hen)小的(de)(de)金屬膜(mo),使通(tong)過鍍膜(mo)玻(bo)璃(li)片(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)功(gong)率被膜(mo)層(ceng)材料吸(xi)收一(yi)部分,光(guang)(guang)強度(du)(du)受(shou)到衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)。3、智(zhi)能電(dian)(dian)控(kong)原理(li):通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)路(lu)控(kong)制微(wei)型電(dian)(dian)機(ji),帶(dai)動齒(chi)條,使濾光(guang)(guang)片(pian)(pian)平移(yi),再將(jiang)數(shu)(shu)據編碼盤檢(jian)測(ce)到的(de)(de)實際衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)信號反(fan)饋(kui)到電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)進行修正,從而(er)達到自動驅動、自動檢(jian)測(ce)和顯示光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)(shuai)減(jian)(jian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
三、光衰減器的使用方法
光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)的使用方(fang)法(fa)相對簡(jian)單,一般來(lai)說(shuo),光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)是(shi)通過調節其內部(bu)的光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)元件來(lai)實(shi)現對光(guang)(guang)信號強度(du)的調節的,以(yi)(yi)常見的可(ke)變光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)為例,其使用方(fang)法(fa)步驟(zou)是(shi):1、連接:將光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)與其他光(guang)(guang)學組件連接,如光(guang)(guang)纖、耦合器(qi)等,確保連接的穩定性和光(guang)(guang)學損耗的最小化。2、設置基準(zhun):在使用光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)之前,通常需要先進(jin)行基準(zhun)設置,即(ji)確定初(chu)始(shi)的光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)程度(du),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過控制光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)的旋(xuan)轉或移(yi)動部(bu)件來(lai)調整初(chu)始(shi)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)值。3、調節:根(gen)據(ju)實(shi)際需求,通過輕(qing)微調節旋(xuan)轉或移(yi)動光(guang)(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)(jian)(jian)器(qi)的內部(bu)部(bu)件,逐漸調整光(guang)(guang)信號的強度(du),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過光(guang)(guang)功率計等測量設備來(lai)實(shi)時監測光(guang)(guang)信號強度(du)的變化,并進(jin)行相應的調整。
四、光衰減器有哪些類型
1、按衰減功率分:(1)固定光衰減器:固定光衰減器的衰減功率固定(如1dB、5dB、10dB等),一個-3dB的光衰減器的衰減功率為3dB。這種光衰減器一般用于電信網絡、光纖測試設備、局域網(LAN)和有線電視(CATV)系統。固定光衰減器又可以分為在線式和連接器式。(2)可調光衰減器:可調光衰減器的衰減功率不是一成不變的,而是隨著條件的變化而變化,其變化跨度有0.5dB、20dB、50dB等,有的甚至達到0.1dB和0.01dB的精度。可調光衰減器一般用于光纖的精確測試和測量,同時也在摻鉺光纖放大器的場合廣泛使用,其作用是均衡不同通道內的光信號功率。2、按接口類型分:(1)SC光衰減器:應用于SC光纖接口,與RJ-45接口類似,但是SC接口更扁,里面的觸片是一根銅柱。(2)LC光衰減器:應用于LC光纖接口,可用于連接SFP模塊,采用模塊化插孔(RJ)閂鎖機理,操作方便,常用于路由器。(3)FC光衰減器:應用于FC光纖接口,外套采用金屬套包裹,緊固方式為螺絲扣。一般在ODF側采用,多用于配線架。(4)ST光衰減器:應用于ST光纖接口,外殼為圓形,采用螺絲扣緊固,常用于光纖配線架。3、按工作原理分:主要分為位移型光衰減器、衰減片型光衰減器和智能型光衰減器三種。光衰減器的類型眾多,一般要根據應用的需要選擇合適類型的,不管哪種類型的光衰減器,都要注意選一個靠譜的品牌,如果您不太了解,可以先來看看光衰減器十大品牌。