目前我(wo)國(guo)已(yi)成為世界最大(da)的鞋(xie)(xie)類生(sheng)產(chan)和出口(kou)國(guo),國(guo)內鞋(xie)(xie)類產(chan)業正在以15%的速度(du)持(chi)續發展,中國(guo)鞋(xie)(xie)類總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)已(yi)占世界總(zong)產(chan)量(liang)的66%,成為全(quan)球最具競爭力的鞋(xie)(xie)類生(sheng)產(chan)和出口(kou)貿(mao)易中心之一。
在中國的鞋類市場中,女鞋是增長最快,最具市場占有率的品類。目前的女鞋市 場已經發生了翻天覆地的變化,女鞋已經成為鞋類市場的重要部分,尤其是隨著女性 經濟能力的提升以及對時尚需求的多變性,女性對鞋子的要求不斷加大,中國市場上 女鞋品牌也不斷增多,達芙妮、他她(ta)女鞋 、天意美等品牌成為市場的(de)主(zhu)流代表。
然而,從各個鞋業上市公司2016年及2017上半年的財報情況來看,百(bai)麗國際在2018/19財(cai)政年(nian)報中宣告集團上市10年(nian)來首次連續利潤(run)下滑(hua),并在2019年(nian)上半年(nian)以57億美元(yuan)賤(jian)價賣盤(pan),市值(zhi)較(jiao)最高(gao)峰(feng)時縮水2/3。達芙妮(ni)2016年(nian)年(nian)報顯示集團全年(nian)巨虧(kui)8.191億港元(yuan),是(shi)上年(nian)同期凈虧(kui)損的2.16倍。其他鞋(xie)業(ye)上市公司情況也都不(bu)容(rong)樂觀,這(zhe)是(shi)行業(ye)整體問(wen)題還(huan)是(shi)企業(ye)發展進程中無突(tu)破性能(neng)力建(jian)設(she)和壁(bi)壘構建(jian)導致的必然結果(guo)?
女鞋行業電商發展現狀
近年(nian)來,由于線(xian)上電商(shang)高(gao)速發展、新(xin)興品(pin)牌(pai)侵占(zhan)國內市場(chang)以(yi)及消費趨勢改(gai)變等原(yuan)因,中(zhong)國女鞋(xie)行(xing)業(ye)受到巨(ju)(ju)大沖擊,曾經(jing)風光無限的傳統行(xing)業(ye)巨(ju)(ju)頭面臨(lin)著門店(dian)(dian)業(ye)績急速下(xia)滑、關店(dian)(dian)潮等打(da)擊。
據不完全(quan)(quan)統(tong)計,全(quan)(quan)國有200多(duo)個知名女(nv)鞋品牌活躍在(zai)(zai)各(ge)大電(dian)商平臺。在(zai)(zai)傳統(tong)營銷模(mo)式下市場(chang)被幾大巨頭壟斷,然(ran)而(er)在(zai)(zai)電(dian)商市場(chang)他們找到生存(cun)發展空間。9doo、AMlola、Artka、阿瑯士、阿么、艾(ai)芙伊迪、艾(ai)格新姿(zi)、艾(ai)可(ke)茜尼、艾(ai)美(mei)其等(deng)等(deng),都是其中佼佼者。這也可(ke)以(yi)解釋了,為什(shen)么行業在(zai)(zai)處于增長(chang)情況,各(ge)大巨頭反而(er)營收下降(jiang),虧(kui)損的原因。新進入者不光(guang)侵吞了市場(chang)的增量,還蠶食了巨頭的市場(chang)份(fen)額。
女鞋消費者購買行為發生轉變
隨著消(xiao)費(fei)升級(ji)、城鎮(zhen)化進程及(ji)互聯網(wang)的全面(mian)(mian)普及(ji),消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)由原先一雙鞋(xie)多用(yong)轉化為按活動場景選擇合適的鞋(xie)子來搭配(pei)服裝;同(tong)時還會通過電(dian)商網(wang)站、社交(jiao)媒(mei)體(ti)及(ji)時尚論壇等獲取女鞋(xie)潮流(liu)和最(zui)優(you)購買渠道信息(xi),多樣的信息(xi)及(ji)豐富的物質(zhi)推動了消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)隨機(ji)購買行為幾率的提(ti)高(gao)。因此,需要廣泛的全渠道覆(fu)蓋、良好的頁面(mian)(mian)內容(rong)展示/門店陳列(lie)以及(ji)優(you)質(zhi)的產品(pin)品(pin)質(zhi)來吸引更多的消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)。
從女(nv)鞋銷(xiao)售渠道(dao)看,街店百(bai)貨仍是主渠道(dao),電(dian)(dian)商增(zeng)長最快(kuai)(kuai)。未(wei)來五(wu)年(nian)內(nei),一線市場女(nv)鞋消(xiao)費將呈(cheng)現電(dian)(dian)商、購(gou)物(wu)中心、百(bai)貨三足鼎立態勢。電(dian)(dian)商持續(xu)快(kuai)(kuai)速增(zeng)長,未(wei)來總體占比將超20%。經濟發達的(de)(de)東南沿海地區在(zai)互聯(lian)網趨勢下(xia)成(cheng)為(wei)線上銷(xiao)售主力軍,中西部(bu)地區在(zai)移(yi)動互聯(lian)的(de)(de)推動下(xia)有機會迎來快(kuai)(kuai)速發展。
雖然女(nv)鞋(xie)行業受(shou)宏觀經(jing)濟影響而出現增(zeng)速(su)(su)略(lve)微放緩(huan),但(dan)預計(ji)女(nv)鞋(xie)整體(ti)市(shi)場將持(chi)續增(zeng)長。2015年,整體(ti)市(shi)場規模達到1790億元,預期2015-2020年增(zeng)速(su)(su)約5.7%,2020年的(de)女(nv)鞋(xie)市(shi)場規模將超過(guo)2300億元。
隨著人民生活水平的提高、健康意識增強推動(dong)運(yun)動(dong)用(yong)(yong)品(pin)需求(qiu)量提升,消費者運(yun)動(dong)日(ri)趨專業化帶(dai)來運(yun)動(dong)裝備的升級(ji)需求(qiu)將(jiang)(jiang)帶(dai)動(dong)運(yun)動(dong)類女鞋(xie)加速增長。而在(zai)消費升級(ji)與低價時尚穿搭品(pin)的共同作用(yong)(yong)下,非運(yun)動(dong)女鞋(xie)的增速將(jiang)(jiang)放緩(huan)。
未來中(zhong)國(guo)女鞋(xie)業的(de)發展必然要從(cong)低端市場(chang)走(zou)向中(zhong)高端市場(chang),要從(cong)數(shu)量(liang)型向品(pin)質型和效益型轉變,產業升(sheng)級換代(dai)是(shi)必走(zou)之路,因而,從(cong)數(shu)量(liang)上看,中(zhong)國(guo)女鞋(xie)的(de)生產量(liang)和出(chu)口量(liang)或許今(jin)后將(jiang)有所下降,但(dan)品(pin)質將(jiang)得到提升(sheng),產品(pin)價格和出(chu)口總值將(jiang)會不斷增(zeng)長(chang)。
而中國制鞋業發展目標應是產業的國際化,和市場的全球化。制鞋企(qi)業應(ying)加(jia)(jia)強品(pin)牌(pai)意識,實施“品(pin)牌(pai)國(guo)際(ji)化戰(zhan)略”,提(ti)(ti)升產品(pin)品(pin)牌(pai)附加(jia)(jia)值。同時,企(qi)業加(jia)(jia)大質量(liang)、設計等方面的(de)科研(yan)投入(ru),提(ti)(ti)高(gao)產品(pin)的(de)利潤率水平。以(yi)長袖善舞(wu)的(de)優勢占(zhan)領國(guo)際(ji)市場空間,實現制鞋業的(de)可持續發(fa)展。
25.48%(478家) |
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4.69%(88家) |
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11.41%(214家) |
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2.08%(39家) |
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0.32%(6家) |
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32.78%(615家) |
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2021年(nian)網(wang)(wang)站數據庫(ku)共收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)1876家(jia),其中小(xiao)品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)占總比(bi)最多(duo),達(da)到615家(jia),其次為品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)旗(qi)艦(jian)(jian)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為478家(jia),品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)特(te)許(xu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為366家(jia),京(jing)(jing)東(dong)旗(qi)艦(jian)(jian)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為214家(jia),京(jing)(jing)東(dong)特(te)許(xu)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為157家(jia),京(jing)(jing)東(dong)自(zi)營店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為88家(jia),拼多(duo)多(duo)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋪收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為39家(jia),唯品(pin)(pin)會店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋪收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為17家(jia),企業店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鋪收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為10家(jia),蘇(su)寧旗(qi)艦(jian)(jian)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為9家(jia),蘇(su)寧自(zi)營店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為6家(jia),品(pin)(pin)牌(pai)(pai)商城收(shou)(shou)錄(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)網(wang)(wang)店(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為4家(jia)。
有業(ye)內人士表示,國(guo)(guo)內經(jing)濟低(di)迷是導致女鞋(xie)企業(ye)業(ye)績、利(li)潤受影響的最(zui)主要原(yuan)(yuan)因。但更(geng)深層的原(yuan)(yuan)因在于,國(guo)(guo)內女鞋(xie)品牌“內功(gong)”不足,對市(shi)場(chang)的反應和創新意(yi)識(shi)都有所(suo)欠(qian)缺,無法(fa)滿足消(xiao)費升級(ji)下的國(guo)(guo)內市(shi)場(chang)需求。近年(nian)冒出來的國(guo)(guo)外女鞋(xie)品牌以及國(guo)(guo)內原(yuan)(yuan)創設計品牌,則憑(ping)借個性化的設計、追求細(xi)節的做工等(deng),占領了一(yi)定的市(shi)場(chang)份額(e)。