榆(yu)次老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)即榆(yu)次古縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),也(ye)叫子(zi)(zi)母城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),由北部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)南(nan)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)兩(liang)部(bu)(bu)分組(zu)成,縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)母城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),郭城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。母城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)與子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)連構成了酷(ku)似鯉魚(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)榆(yu)次城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),頭(tou)南(nan)尾北,母城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)魚(yu)腹,子(zi)(zi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)魚(yu)頭(tou),南(nan)、北大(da)街(jie)(jie)為(wei)魚(yu)脊,東(dong)(dong)、西兩(liang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門為(wei)魚(yu)側鰭(qi),位于(yu)南(nan)關中(zhong)央(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清虛閣(ge)為(wei)背(bei)鰭(qi)。老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以市(shi)(shi)樓所在位置為(wei)中(zhong)心,東(dong)(dong)、西、南(nan)、北四條城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)主干道(dao)交會(hui)于(yu)此(ci)。東(dong)(dong)大(da)街(jie)(jie)有城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)隍廟(miao)、縣(xian)(xian)衙,是(shi)榆(yu)次老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政治中(zhong)心;西大(da)街(jie)(jie)有文(wen)廟(miao)、鳳鳴書院,為(wei)文(wen)化教(jiao)育(yu)中(zhong)心;北大(da)街(jie)(jie)、南(nan)大(da)街(jie)(jie)和(he)閣(ge)北街(jie)(jie)為(wei)商業(ye)街(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi),即老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)商業(ye)中(zhong)心。榆(yu)次老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)還保(bao)留了許多小(xiao)街(jie)(jie)小(xiao)巷(xiang),大(da)量民(min)居(ju)就建在街(jie)(jie)巷(xiang)之內。老(lao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)璀璨豐贍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文(wen)物(wu)古跡和(he)豐碩多樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)間藝術相(xiang)交融,既(ji)具縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)規模,又有府城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)特色的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國古典式城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi),也(ye)是(shi)一處集觀光、休閑、娛(yu)樂、會(hui)展于(yu)一體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)型多功(gong)能(neng)旅游景區。
位于(yu)古城內的(de)城隍(huang)廟(miao)是國(guo)務院重點(dian)文物保護單位,也是我國(guo)保存最為完(wan)整的(de)城隍(huang)廟(miao)之一(yi)。廟(miao)宇始建于(yu)公(gong)元1362年(nian),占地面積達6000平方(fang)米,規(gui)模宏巨,壯麗(li)非凡。城隍(huang)廟(miao)自建成后,其間多經修繕,建國(guo)后曾作展覽(lan)館(guan)和圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan)使用(yong)。文革(ge)期間圖(tu)書(shu)館(guan)圖(tu)書(shu)被洗劫一(yi)空,城隍(huang)廟(miao)又被膠(jiao)鞋廠占用(yong),直至1984年(nian)廠區遷出,國(guo)家才得以對(dui)城隍(huang)廟(miao)進行(xing)整修和維護。
榆次縣衙(ya)是我國保存(cun)較為完整的(de)縣級衙(ya)署,有著“三晉第一署”的(de)美譽(yu)。縣衙(ya)始建于宋(song)朝,占地2萬平方(fang)米,共5堂(tang)(tang)26個院(yuan)落(luo),規模宏(hong)巨(ju)。衙(ya)內有思(si)鳳樓、獄神堂(tang)(tang)、馬王殿、思(si)補堂(tang)(tang)等建筑,具有極高的(de)歷史文化價值。
榆次文(wen)廟,是榆次現存最(zui)古老的(de)建筑(zhu)(zhu)群之一(yi),是榆次重點文(wen)物保護單位,占地面積23000平(ping)方米,其中建筑(zhu)(zhu)面積6000平(ping)方米。文(wen)廟還有敬(jing)一(yi)亭、尊經閣、東(dong)西(xi)學宮等建筑(zhu)(zhu)。
鳳鳴書(shu)院(yuan)是(shi)清(qing)代榆次縣(xian)學,是(shi)榆次的最高(gao)學府。書(shu)院(yuan)位于老城西大(da)街北側,占地27000平方米。清(qing)乾隆十三年,知縣(xian)錢之清(qing)設(she)義學于此(ci),乾隆三十一年稱此(ci)為“鳳鳴書(shu)院(yuan)”。書(shu)院(yuan)呈園林式風格布局,其間山(shan)水環繞,建筑疏朗,是(shi)讀書(shu)學識的理想場所(suo)。
市樓(lou)坐落于老城東(dong)西南北(bei)四街的(de)交叉(cha)中心,是(shi)榆次(ci)老城的(de)最高建筑(zhu)。該樓(lou)整體為木質結(jie)構,整座(zuo)建筑(zhu)莊重威嚴,雕梁畫棟,樓(lou)檐四角皆微微翹起,氣勢(shi)非(fei)凡(fan)。市樓(lou)是(shi)榆次(ci)古(gu)城商貿繁華的(de)標志性建筑(zhu),其檐上所懸的(de)“天下(xia)第一樓(lou)”橫(heng)匾亦是(shi)對晉商曾有輝煌的(de)真實寫照。
思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)位于(yu)西(xi)園(yuan)與縣衙之間(jian),為三層木(mu)結構塔式建(jian)筑。該樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)始建(jian)于(yu)宋朝,高(gao)20米,三疊八角(jiao),共24個飛檐。樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)內雕工細膩,彩繪絢麗(li),精致流(liu)暢的(de)(de)建(jian)筑工藝堪稱三晉第一(yi)(yi)名樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。相傳西(xi)晉咸寧(ning)(ning)年間(jian)荀邈任榆(yu)次知(zhi)縣,因其勤政愛(ai)民(min)、治理有(you)方,深得百(bai)姓愛(ai)戴。咸寧(ning)(ning)二(er)年六(liu)月間(jian),忽有(you)成(cheng)群大鳥集(ji)聚榆(yu)次,于(yu)是人們便稱榆(yu)次為“鳳(feng)城”。數百(bai)年后,宋代名士文(wen)彥博(bo)在榆(yu)做縣令時,為緬(mian)懷先人、激(ji)勵(li)自(zi)己,便在縣衙旁建(jian)起了這座思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)。因此樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)從各角(jiao)度望(wang)去檐角(jiao)都似有(you)展(zhan)翅欲飛的(de)(de)鳳(feng)凰,思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)名字便由此傳開。我(wo)們如今(jin)所見的(de)(de)思(si)鳳(feng)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)為近年來重建(jian),樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)前楹聯“民(min)思(si)善政鳳(feng)棲(qi)梧桐兩朝百(bai)代一(yi)(yi)桿(gan)秤,官重廉明(ming)龍臥青(qing)云一(yi)(yi)樓(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)(lou)千(qian)古兩賢吏”中的(de)(de)兩賢說(shuo)的(de)(de)即是荀藐和(he)文(wen)彥博(bo)。
西花園因(yin)位于(yu)城隍廟西側而得名。小(xiao)巧玲瓏,布局(ju)得體(ti),東有廳(ting)堂、西有游廊、北(bei)有假山瀑布、其中還有造型奇特的(de)多景樓和石舟坊,亭榭結合,渾然一(yi)體(ti)。以巧妙的(de)借景,高(gao)超的(de)疊(die)石,精美的(de)理水,洗練(lian)的(de)建筑(zhu),在北(bei)方園林中別具一(yi)格(ge)。
游客可(ke)乘(cheng)飛機至太(tai)原武宿機場(chang),再(zai)轉乘(cheng)計(ji)程車,15分鐘即可(ke)抵(di)達榆次古城。
在太原火(huo)車(che)站乘坐901路(lu)公交(jiao)車(che)至(zhi)終點站即(ji)可(ke)到達目的地。
1、北(bei)京、天津(高(gao)速(su))—石家(jia)莊—太原(從榆次出口(kou)下高(gao)速(su),右(you)轉(zhuan)直走約2公里)—榆次老城。
2、山東(濟南上(shang)高(gao)速)—石家莊、太原(從榆次出口(kou)下高(gao)速,右轉直走約(yue)2公里(li))—榆次老城。
3、內(nei)蒙(呼和浩特走201、101國道)—大(da)同(上(shang)大(da)運高(gao)速(su))—太原(從榆次出口下高(gao)速(su),右(you)轉直(zhi)走約(yue)2公里)—榆次老城。
4、河南(nan)(上鄭焦高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su))—晉城(走(zou)晉焦高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su))—長(chang)治(上太長(chang)高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)、在襄垣(yuan)下高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)、走(zou)208國道(dao)、約160公(gong)里(li))—東觀左轉(zhuan)(約11公(gong)里(li))—榆次老城;
5、鄭州(高速)—長治(zhi)(到太(tai)原高速榆次(ci)出口下(xia)高速,右轉直走約(yue)2公里)——榆次(ci)老城。
6、陜(shan)西(西安上高速)—運城(cheng)、臨(lin)汾—平遙(約20公里處)—榆次老城(cheng)。
山西古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)是(shi)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)座寶(bao)庫,榆(yu)次(ci)(ci)老城便是(shi)其中(zhong)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)顆璀璨明(ming)珠(zhu),它集宋、元(yuan)、明(ming)、清(qing)、民國各期的(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)風格于一(yi)(yi)體,在晉商文(wen)化土壤的(de)(de)孕育(yu)中(zhong)形(xing)成了獨具(ju)特色的(de)(de)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu)群。榆(yu)次(ci)(ci)老城的(de)(de)古(gu)建(jian)筑(zhu),沿革有(you)序,風格多樣、用材考究、做工精細,粗獷而(er)(er)不失細膩,工細而(er)(er)少(shao)近奢侈,歷久彌新,具(ju)有(you)重要的(de)(de)歷史文(wen)化和科學價值。
晉商(shang)(shang)是(shi)(shi)中國(guo)最(zui)早(zao)的(de)商(shang)(shang)人,其歷(li)史可遠溯到春秋(qiu)戰國(guo)時期。明(ming)清(qing)兩代(dai)是(shi)(shi)晉商(shang)(shang)的(de)鼎盛時期。晉商(shang)(shang)憑(ping)借(jie)雄(xiong)厚的(de)資金(jin)實(shi)力,先進(jin)的(de)經營管理,優秀的(de)商(shang)(shang)業文(wen)化(hua),廣闊的(de)經營領域和(he)活動(dong)范圍(wei),山西票號匯通天(tian)下,跨國(guo)貿易雄(xiong)視(shi)歐(ou)、亞,稱雄(xiong)國(guo)內(nei)長達500百年之(zhi)久。數(shu)百年來在國(guo)內(nei)久貿易舞臺上,以“精神(shen)崇(chong)高以義致利,儒雅誠信(xin)儀(yi)征萬(wan)方”的(de)商(shang)(shang)業文(wen)化(hua)思想(xiang),走出一條(tiao)輝(hui)煌的(de)晉商(shang)(shang)之(zhi)路。
榆次古為京省和(he)京陜交(jiao)通要沖(chong),境(jing)內(nei)有兩(liang)處古驛站。早在(zai)唐宋時(shi)期榆次老城就是(shi)有名的(de)(de)繁(fan)華(hua)富庶之地,有相(xiang)當規模的(de)(de)商(shang)業街市(shi)。榆次縣衙記載(zai):“向有糧(liang)集(ji)、年集(ji)、果木(mu)集(ji)”,“分單雙日舉行”,“萬商(shang)云集(ji),經日不散”。可見,到了明清(qing)時(shi)期老城街市(shi)已(yi)相(xiang)當繁(fan)榮。街市(shi)中有店、鋪(pu)、館、行等(deng)(deng)商(shang)貿建置,貿易商(shang)品品種繁(fan)多,有糧(liang)食、鐵(tie)器(qi)、蔬(shu)菜(cai)、水果、布匹、皮革等(deng)(deng),街中店鋪(pu)毗鄰,人聲鼎沸,熱鬧非凡。穿(chuan)過了漫(man)漫(man)的(de)(de)歷史時(shi)空之后,那種市(shi)井生活的(de)(de)溫暖與適意,仍浸染著每個人的(de)(de)身心,具有濃厚的(de)(de)民俗風(feng)情和(he)鄉土氣(qi)息。