世德(de)堂(tang)是蘭溪地區最具宋(song)(song)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)風(feng)格的(de)木構建(jian)筑(zhu),其正廳檐(yan)下的(de)單抄雙下昂六鋪(pu)作(zuo)和內槽三(san)疊梁等都是當地古建(jian)的(de)罕見孤例(li),1997年(nian)該建(jian)筑(zhu)被公布為(wei)(wei)浙(zhe)江省文物(wu)保(bao)護(hu)單位。譜載世德(de)堂(tang)是為(wei)(wei)祭(ji)祀三(san)泉人唐元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)章(zhang)、唐良嗣兩(liang)位南宋(song)(song)抗元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)名(ming)將而建(jian),南宋(song)(song)德(de)祐二年(nian)(1276年(nian))唐氏叔侄二人率(lv)兵大敗元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)軍于(yu)蘭溪黃湓灘,朝廷加元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)章(zhang)朝請大夫,命知嚴州(zhou),加良嗣閣門宣贊武翼(yi)將軍、江淮閩浙(zhe)都統(tong)兵馬使(shi),兩(liang)年(nian)后分別戰死(si)在龍游白云寺和江山仙霞(xia)嶺,宋(song)(song)丞相文天祥為(wei)(wei)其題(ti)寫的(de)“正氣千秋”、勅封“武翼(yi)將軍”兩(liang)古匾一直保(bao)留(liu)于(yu)世德(de)堂(tang),所(suo)以民間有世德(de)堂(tang)為(wei)(wei)宋(song)(song)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)遺構之說(shuo)。
2005年世(shi)德堂維修期間(jian),“狀元及(ji)第(di)”(明(ming)嘉靖庚(geng)戌殿試第(di)一(yi)甲第(di)一(yi)名唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)汝(ru)楫立)、“翰(han)(han)林(lin)學(xue)士”(宋天(tian)圣翰(han)(han)林(lin)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)滿立)、勅封“溫國公”(宋戶(hu)部侍郎(lang)唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)恪立)、特賜“成(cheng)忠郎(lang)”(宋鄧(deng)州(zhou)都司唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)堯卿(qing)立)等宋明(ming)豎匾(bian)也(ye)得到(dao)修整,另有幾十(shi)塊毀于“文革”的(de)橫(heng)匾(bian)也(ye)因當年一(yi)位睿智老(lao)人的(de)偷偷摘抄而重見天(tian)日于盛世(shi)。那些標(biao)榜著宗族榮耀的(de)文字多少會有炫耀和教化的(de)動(dong)機,但無疑也(ye)是唐(tang)(tang)(tang)(tang)氏后裔的(de)精神氣質所(suo)在。
世德(de)堂俗稱將士廳(ting)(ting),坐(zuo)北朝南偏(pian)東(dong)45°左右,總體為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)進(jin)(jin)兩天(tian)井合(he)(he)(he)院式(shi),依次(ci)(ci)(ci)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)照壁、門(men)樓(lou)(lou)、門(men)廳(ting)(ting)、正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting)、后(hou)(hou)(hou)廳(ting)(ting)、廂(xiang)廊(lang)(lang)、夾(jia)弄等組成。現存磚(zhuan)雕門(men)樓(lou)(lou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)(ming)嘉靖年(nian)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)建(jian)造(zao)(zao),四(si)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)五(wu)樓(lou)(lou)牌坊式(shi),樓(lou)(lou)脊有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)寶瓶、三(san)戟、獅子(zi)和魚龍吻獸(shou)等吉祥飾(shi)物(wu),正(zheng)樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)書“東(dong)魯”二字,意(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)不忘(wang)山東(dong)先祖,額枋上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高浮雕的(de)(de)雙獅戲(xi)(xi)球、麒(qi)麟、牡丹等,各檐(yan)出跳仿木(mu)五(wu)踩計心斗(dou)(dou)拱(gong)(gong)共(gong)十(shi)二攢,部分施象鼻昂(ang)(ang)(ang),拱(gong)(gong)眼壁等處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)彩畫。樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)石(shi)(shi)庫門(men),有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泡(pao)釘,兩旁(pang)設抱(bao)鼓石(shi)(shi)和旗桿(gan)石(shi)(shi)。門(men)廳(ting)(ting)面闊三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)深(shen)九(jiu)檁,明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抬(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)式(shi)五(wu)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)對前(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)雙步(bu)(bu),次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)抬(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)穿(chuan)斗(dou)(dou)混合(he)(he)(he)式(shi),磚(zhuan)制(zhi)仿木(mu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia),明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)檐(yan)在(zai)清道光二十(shi)年(nian)(1840年(nian))拆(chai)改出單檐(yan)歇山頂固(gu)定(ding)式(shi)戲(xi)(xi)臺,檐(yan)下(xia)撐托獅子(zi)牛腿(tui),該進(jin)(jin)建(jian)筑在(zai)3年(nian)前(qian)(qian)的(de)(de)大(da)修中(zhong)(zhong)更換了較多(duo)的(de)(de)大(da)木(mu)構件。戲(xi)(xi)臺正(zheng)對正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting),兩旁(pang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)廂(xiang)廊(lang)(lang)各三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)圍(wei)合(he)(he)(he)天(tian)井。正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting)面闊三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),進(jin)(jin)深(shen)三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)才粗壯(zhuang),結(jie)構奇巧(qiao),在(zai)當地有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)小皇宮之(zhi)稱。前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)頭(tou)和補間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)出單抄雙下(xia)昂(ang)(ang)(ang)六鋪作共(gong)十(shi)朵(duo)(duo)(其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)補間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)各兩朵(duo)(duo)),單材(cai)(cai)重(zhong)拱(gong)(gong)計心造(zao)(zao),昂(ang)(ang)(ang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)琴面昂(ang)(ang)(ang),整(zheng)體與(yu)宋(song)元官式(shi)做法相似,但補間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)鋪作無后(hou)(hou)(hou)尾,顯(xian)然以(yi)裝飾(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主、受(shou)力為(wei)(wei)(wei)輔(fu)。前(qian)(qian)廊(lang)(lang)五(wu)檁,用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)覆水椽(chuan),梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)為(wei)(wei)(wei)抬(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)式(shi)結(jie)構,單步(bu)(bu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、三(san)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和五(wu)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)均(jun)為(wei)(wei)(wei)扁作月梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)造(zao)(zao),梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)頭(tou)無雕飾(shi),梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)節點處(chu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)足材(cai)(cai)丁頭(tou)拱(gong)(gong),騎栿(fa)(fa)(fa)拱(gong)(gong)順檁方向出三(san)跳足材(cai)(cai),坐(zuo)斗(dou)(dou)下(xia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)駝峰。內(nei)槽(cao)七檁,明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)抬(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)式(shi)結(jie)構,三(san)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、五(wu)架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、七架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)互相疊加(jia)成“三(san)疊梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)”,七架(jia)(jia)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)插入前(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)櫨斗(dou)(dou),櫨斗(dou)(dou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)圓(yuan)形,出十(shi)字拱(gong)(gong)、蟬(chan)肚(du)替木(mu)等承(cheng)托梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)栿(fa)(fa)(fa)。所有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)栿(fa)(fa)(fa)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)均(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)騎栿(fa)(fa)(fa)拱(gong)(gong)(十(shi)字拱(gong)(gong))承(cheng)托,次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)山縫抬(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)穿(chuan)斗(dou)(dou)混合(he)(he)(he)式(shi),中(zhong)(zhong)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)落地,兩旁(pang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)單步(bu)(bu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)、雙步(bu)(bu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)和三(san)步(bu)(bu)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)疊加(jia),風格與(yu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)取(qu)得統一。后(hou)(hou)(hou)廊(lang)(lang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)單步(bu)(bu)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)檐(yan)額及內(nei)額施一斗(dou)(dou)九(jiu)升的(de)(de)扶壁拱(gong)(gong)和襻間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)拱(gong)(gong)。除(chu)西次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前(qian)(qian)廊(lang)(lang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)兩根外均(jun)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)木(mu)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),梭柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)顯(xian),明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)檐(yan)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、四(si)金(jin)柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)鼓狀柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)礎,其(qi)余(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)礩形柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)礎。根據正(zheng)廳(ting)(ting)大(da)木(mu)分析,專家斷代(dai)為(wei)(wei)(wei)元末明(ming)(ming)(ming)初(chu)建(jian)筑。后(hou)(hou)(hou)廳(ting)(ting)為(wei)(wei)(wei)清末添建(jian),三(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)兩搭廂(xiang)式(shi),正(zheng)房為(wei)(wei)(wei)重(zhong)檐(yan)樓(lou)(lou)屋,樓(lou)(lou)下(xia)明(ming)(ming)(ming)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)抬(tai)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)結(jie)構,每間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)四(si)扇五(wu)抹隔扇門(men),前(qian)(qian)廊(lang)(lang)出三(san)檁,青石(shi)(shi)抹角(jiao)方柱(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),四(si)只人物(wu)動物(wu)牛腿(tui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)近(jin)年(nian)被盜后(hou)(hou)(hou)重(zhong)新復制(zhi),兩次(ci)(ci)(ci)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)架(jia)(jia)與(yu)山墻間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)木(mu)梯可登樓(lou)(lou),樓(lou)(lou)上(shang)(shang)草架(jia)(jia),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)七檁,前(qian)(qian)檐(yan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)樸素的(de)(de)壺嘴形撐拱(gong)(gong)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)廳(ting)(ting)存有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)供奉(feng)祖先牌位的(de)(de)神櫥,小木(mu)作較為(wei)(wei)(wei)考究。