簡介
沁陽北(bei)大(da)寺(si)(si)全國重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護單位,明(ming)清清真(zhen)寺(si)(si)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)筑。位于河(he)南省沁陽市(shi)市(shi)區自治(zhi)街中段。創建(jian)(jian)年代未(wei)詳(xiang),明(ming)萬歷八年(1580年)重(zhong)修(xiu),清代增(zeng)建(jian)(jian)并重(zhong)修(xiu)。沁陽清真(zhen)寺(si)(si)俗稱北(bei)大(da)寺(si)(si)。坐(zuo)西朝東(dong),分(fen)男寺(si)(si)、女寺(si)(si)。占地面積約3100平方米。女寺(si)(si)為多(duo)座(zuo)硬(ying)山灰瓦頂(ding)建(jian)(jian)筑。男寺(si)(si)規模大(da),現(xian)存大(da)門、過(guo)廳、南北(bei)講堂、拜殿(dian)(dian)等,大(da)門面闊(kuo)三間,進深二(er)間,懸山券棚琉璃(li)瓦頂(ding),檐下施(shi)斗拱(gong)(gong)。南、北(bei)講堂各三間,由券棚歇山頂(ding)前殿(dian)(dian)、懸山頂(ding)后殿(dian)(dian)、樓閣(ge)式(shi)窯殿(dian)(dian)連接而成,琉璃(li)瓦覆(fu)頂(ding),檐下施(shi)斗拱(gong)(gong),脊飾異常精美。寺(si)(si)內存有明(ming)清碑刻九(jiu)通。
全國重點文物(wu)保護(hu)單位早春二月,生(sheng)機(ji)盎然。我從江南慕名來到河(he)南沁(qin)(qin)陽,瞻仰伊斯(si)蘭教古寺古碑。沁(qin)(qin)陽,舊稱懷(huai)(huai)慶(qing)府,曾出現過司馬懿(yi)、韓愈、李(li)商隱、郭(guo)熙、張渭、朱載育等歷史名人,還有陳(chen)氏太極拳、四大懷(huai)(huai)藥、懷(huai)(huai)梆(bang)戲、竹林七賢、愚公移山(shan)等聞名于世。回族(zu)在(zai)沁(qin)(qin)陽也有悠久的歷史。
歷史
沁陽(yang)(yang)北大(da)寺位(wei)于沁陽(yang)(yang)市老(lao)城(cheng)區西北部,創建(jian)(jian)于元(yuan)至正(zheng)年,明嘉(jia)靖四十(shi)年重(zhong)建(jian)(jian),清(qing)(qing)代增(zeng)建(jian)(jian)。現存廈、殿(dian)(dian)、廳(ting)、 堂與附屬房(fang)屋(wu)八十(shi)余間,占地3100多平米。主(zhu)體建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)呈軸對稱布局,三進三段,內(nei)存明清(qing)(qing)碑刻(ke)通,軸線建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)自前(qian)而后體量(liang)與高度逐漸增(zeng)加,分別(bie)以孔雀藍、綠(lv)、黃三彩(cai)(cai)琉(liu)璃(li)瓦件飾頂。廈殿(dian)(dian)設門(men)二道,前(qian)置柵欄門(men),中設棋盤(pan)門(men)。過廳(ting)為單檐懸山(shan)(shan)頂,兩(liang)山(shan)(shan)半穿斗梁架間飾以壁(bi)畫(hua)。過廳(ting)之(zhi)后為禮拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian),由(you)客廳(ting)、前(qian)后兩(liang)重(zhong)拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)及窯(yao)殿(dian)(dian)組(zu)成,其建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)間均(jun)有泄水牽搭(da),構成一體,縱(zong)深(shen)達36米。客廳(ting)為卷棚歇山(shan)(shan)頂。拜(bai)殿(dian)(dian)由(you)兩(liang)座(zuo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)組(zu)成。前(qian)殿(dian)(dian)為單檐歇山(shan)(shan)頂,后點為單檐懸山(shan)(shan)頂,五彩(cai)(cai)重(zhong)昂斗拱,拱眼壁(bi)飾以壁(bi)畫(hua),殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)梁、檁、柱(zhu)、枋用材碩大(da),雕梁畫(hua)棟,瀝粉貼金(jin),富麗(li)堂皇。窯(yao)殿(dian)(dian)(主(zhu)殿(dian)(dian))面闊(kuo)三件,進深(shen)一間,店(dian)內(nei)三室頂部分砌(qi)三個(ge)穹窿頂。殿(dian)(dian)頂為亭塔式與樓閣(ge)式相結合,飾以琉(liu)璃(li)件十(shi)字脊,獸吻達70多個(ge),檐下鑲嵌琉(liu)璃(li)枋,拱及垂蓮柱(zhu),色彩(cai)(cai)繽紛(fen),玲瓏多姿,巍巍壯(zhuang)觀,為我國伊斯蘭古建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的精華之(zhi)作,具有較高的歷史、文(wen)化價(jia)值。