芒果视频下载

簡介

外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)全長(chang)1941米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，除西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)部(bu)分(fen)損毀外(wai)，大部(bu)保存完好(hao)。 內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)(ping)面呈方(fang)形，處在城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內北(bei)(bei)側(ce)(ce)，全長(chang)861米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，面積4.3萬平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現存7處豁(huo)口(kou)，西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)角、南(nan)正(zheng)中及(ji)北(bei)(bei)上中3處豁(huo)口(kou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)肯定為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)。內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)、西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)、南(nan)面3處豁(huo)口(kou)，均(jun)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)確(que)定為(wei)(wei)(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)。西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)角城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)35米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，其(qi)底基距贛江水(shui)(shui)面落差僅2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，贛水(shui)(shui)上漲時，河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)直接入(ru)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內，推測可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能為(wei)(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)門(men)(men)。西(xi)(xi)正(zheng)中門(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)28米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)“凸”形結構，從(cong)其(qi)上殘存疊壓瓦片(pian)分(fen)析(xi)，此(ci)處原(yuan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)能為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)處門(men)(men)闕。北(bei)(bei)正(zheng)中城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，入(ru)門(men)(men)較(jiao)陡，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)分(fen)別(bie)進入(ru)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)門(men)(men)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“凹”形結構，似(si)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“甕城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”，也有(you)大量瓦礫堆(dui)積。 內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)門(men)(men)寬(kuan)(kuan)17.4米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門(men)(men)兩側(ce)(ce)見大量瓦礫堆(dui)積，并采集到一(yi)塊完整四葉云(yun)紋瓦當。 內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)角有(you)一(yi)長(chang)方(fang)形土臺(tai)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)全城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)高(gao)(gao)地(di)帶，東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)長(chang)47米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，南(nan)北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)(kuan)35米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，面積1645平(ping)(ping)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，高(gao)(gao)出(chu)周(zhou)圍平(ping)(ping)地(di)0.8米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，高(gao)(gao)出(chu)內城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)它地(di)帶約2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)土筑，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)(gao)度因地(di)勢的(de)南(nan)高(gao)(gao)北(bei)(bei)低而相反，以(yi)使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)四周(zhou)基本處于(yu)同一(yi)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)面上。南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)距地(di)表4.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，東(dong)(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)(gao)10.2米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)高(gao)(gao)20.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)頂(ding)寬(kuan)(kuan)2—3米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，基寬(kuan)(kuan)20—28米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。以(yi)北(bei)(bei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)基寬(kuan)(kuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)有(you)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)， 以(yi)南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)及(ji)南(nan)側(ce)(ce)斷面可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知，南(nan)側(ce)(ce)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)16.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，深1.5米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，東(dong)(dong)西(xi)(xi)兩側(ce)(ce)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)30米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)，護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)由南(nan)往北(bei)(bei)流入(ru)贛江。

遺址現狀

白口(kou)城(cheng)址于1980年代文物普(pu)查時發現(xian)，2001年9月到10月江西省文物考(kao)古研究所(suo)和(he)泰和(he)縣(xian)博物館一(yi)起進行了試掘，2004年12月正式發掘。考(kao)古發現(xian)，該城(cheng)始筑于西漢(han)，延用至東晉末(mo)年前后。

白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)址總面(mian)積達(da)23萬(wan)平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)，形(xing)狀呈(cheng)倒梯形(xing)，分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)和外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)長1941米(mi)，大部分(fen)(fen)保存完好。內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)呈(cheng)方(fang)(fang)形(xing)，位于城(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)北側，長861米(mi)，面(mian)積4.3萬(wan)平方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。現發(fa)現城(cheng)(cheng)門10處(chu)，其中(zhong)內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)北門為(wei)(wei)“凹”形(xing)結構，似為(wei)(wei)“甕城(cheng)(cheng)” 。城(cheng)(cheng)墻為(wei)(wei)土筑，城(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)有護城(cheng)(cheng)河(he)，由(you)南往北流入(ru)贛江(jiang)。航空遙感(gan)拍攝的(de)照片(pian)顯示，白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)址保存較為(wei)(wei)完好，古(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)布局、結構非(fei)常(chang)清晰。

歷史與傳說

據《南(nan)史》、《陳(chen)(chen)書(shu)》等(deng)記載，南(nan)朝(chao)梁(liang)侯(hou)景(jing)之亂時，大寶元年（550年），陳(chen)(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)自嶺南(nan)引軍討伐侯(hou)景(jing)，坐鎮南(nan)康(kang)(kang)。高(gao)州刺史李遷仕在(zai)寧都(dou)人劉藹等(deng)資助下，順贛江而下，進擊(ji)陳(chen)(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)。陳(chen)(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)派遣(qian)杜僧明據白口城加固城墻(qiang)抵御，李遷仕則(ze)于其東面筑古城相(xiang)對。次年，杜僧明攻破(po)古城，俘(fu)虜李遷仕，送往南(nan)康(kang)(kang)斬首(shou)。是年六月，陳(chen)(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)進軍西昌(chang)，駐白口城，當時“有龍見于水濱(bin)，高(gao)五(wu)丈許(xu)，五(wu)采(cai)鮮耀，軍民觀者數(shu)萬人”，陳(chen)(chen)霸(ba)(ba)先(xian)一(yi)時威望(wang)大振，數(shu)年后代梁(liang)稱(cheng)帝建立了陳(chen)(chen)朝(chao)。

考古發掘

泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)縣(xian)博物(wu)館館長肖用(yong)桁介紹(shao)，因(yin)“地產(chan)嘉(jia)禾，和(he)(he)氣所(suo)(suo)生”而得名(ming)的(de)泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)，歷(li)屬(shu)吳越(yue)，西(xi)漢(han)為古(gu)(gu)廬陵縣(xian)地，為著名(ming)的(de)“西(xi)漢(han)十(shi)八(ba)縣(xian)”之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。東漢(han)為西(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)，為廬陵郡治(zhi)，歷(li)來(lai)(lai)就(jiu)是(shi)江西(xi)一(yi)(yi)方政治(zhi)文化(hua)(hua)中心，尤其是(shi)漢(han)晉(jin)以來(lai)(lai)的(de)歷(li)史文化(hua)(hua)積淀，形(xing)成了代表贛文化(hua)(hua)風貌的(de)基本(ben)文化(hua)(hua)因(yin)子。泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)地處水陸要沖(chong)，其“咽喉荊廣、唇(chun)齒淮浙”由來(lai)(lai)已久(jiu)。昔秦(qin)皇漢(han)武的(de)兩(liang)次征伐(fa)嶺(ling)南（南越(yue)），數十(shi)萬浩浩大軍均由此(ci)經過(guo)。公(gong)元550年，南朝陳霸先(xian)從始興(xing)發兵(bing)護(hu)主，正是(shi)經過(guo)泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)，并(bing)在(zai)白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)屯(tun)兵(bing)激戰，之(zhi)后揮師北上(shang)建立了不朽的(de)帝業。 雖然(ran)《泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)縣(xian)志》和(he)(he)《吉安府志》對白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)均有記載，但(dan)是(shi)這座(zuo)千年古(gu)(gu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)直養在(zai)深閨人(ren)未知，并(bing)沒有深究(jiu)其真(zhen)正蘊(yun)孕的(de)歷(li)史價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)。但(dan)是(shi)，一(yi)(yi)次偶然(ran)的(de)機會，卻(que)使白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重放異彩，令世人(ren)矚目(mu)。2001年8月(yue)，修建贛粵高(gao)(gao)速公(gong)路(lu)吉安段時(shi)(shi)(shi)，時(shi)(shi)(shi)任(ren)江西(xi)省(sheng)考(kao)(kao)古(gu)(gu)研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)副(fu)所(suo)(suo)長、現任(ren)江西(xi)省(sheng)博物(wu)館副(fu)館長的(de)劉詩(shi)中帶(dai)隊來(lai)(lai)到(dao)泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)縣(xian)境(jing)內高(gao)(gao)速公(gong)路(lu)沿線(xian)進行文物(wu)勘查，當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)只是(shi)看(kan)了沿線(xian)馬市鎮的(de)先(xian)烈古(gu)(gu)樟(zhang)和(he)(he)幾(ji)個古(gu)(gu)墓(mu)。在(zai)返回(hui)泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，陪同勘查的(de)肖用(yong)桁想(xiang)：省(sheng)里專家(jia)來(lai)(lai)一(yi)(yi)趟也(ye)不容易，何不建議他們(men)到(dao)離縣(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)僅3公(gong)里的(de)白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址看(kan)看(kan)，聽聽他們(men)的(de)意(yi)見(jian)。因(yin)白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)不在(zai)高(gao)(gao)速公(gong)路(lu)旁(pang)，非此(ci)次勘查范圍(wei)，加(jia)上(shang)其僅是(shi)縣(xian)級文物(wu)保護(hu)單位(wei)，并(bing)未引起(qi)人(ren)們(men)關注。當(dang)車(che)拐上(shang)往白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)路(lu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，有人(ren)說：“到(dao)那(nei)地方去干(gan)什么，無(wu)東西(xi)可(ke)看(kan)。”然(ran)而，當(dang)劉詩(shi)中一(yi)(yi)走(zou)上(shang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭時(shi)(shi)(shi)，他就(jiu)情不自禁(jin)地贊嘆：“真(zhen)是(shi)國(guo)寶，很有價(jia)(jia)值(zhi)(zhi)！” 回(hui)憶起(qi)當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)情景，肖用(yong)桁仍然(ran)很興(xing)奮，他說，省(sheng)專家(jia)的(de)這一(yi)(yi)次“造訪”，使泰(tai)(tai)和(he)(he)縣(xian)文物(wu)工作(zuo)者感到(dao)振奮。隨后，他們(men)趕往南昌(chang)，向省(sheng)文化(hua)(hua)廳、省(sheng)文物(wu)局、省(sheng)文物(wu)考(kao)(kao)古(gu)(gu)研(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)(suo)作(zuo)了有關白口城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺(yi)址情況的(de)詳細匯報，并(bing)請(qing)求(qiu)進行考(kao)(kao)古(gu)(gu)發掘。

肖(xiao)用(yong)桁(heng)館(guan)長(chang)告訴(su)記者，2001年(nian)9月(yue)(yue)至(zhi)10月(yue)(yue)和2004年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)至(zhi)2005年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)，江(jiang)西(xi)省文物(wu)考(kao)古研(yan)究所副所長(chang)徐長(chang)青率(lv)領的(de)考(kao)古小組在泰和縣博物(wu)館(guan)的(de)配合下(xia)，對白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址進(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)考(kao)古勘探，分(fen)(fen)別(bie)進(jin)(jin)行了(le)(le)試掘和正(zheng)式(shi)發(fa)(fa)掘。考(kao)古勘探以(yi)東(dong)西(xi)向直線布(bu)點鉆探，共布(bu)直線9條，遍(bian)布(bu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)的(de)主要地區。從勘查和發(fa)(fa)掘得知，外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)全長(chang)1941米(mi)(mi)(mi)，除北側(ce)部分(fen)(fen)損毀外(wai)，大(da)都保存(cun)完(wan)好(hao)。內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)呈方形，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)全長(chang)861米(mi)(mi)(mi)，面(mian)(mian)積4﹒3萬平(ping)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)，文化(hua)堆(dui)積普(pu)遍(bian)達(da)1﹒8至(zhi)2﹒2米(mi)(mi)(mi)。 外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)現存(cun)7處(chu)(chu)豁(huo)口(kou)，西(xi)北角、南(nan)正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)及北正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)3處(chu)(chu)豁(huo)口(kou)均(jun)可(ke)定為(wei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門。外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)北角城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)35米(mi)(mi)(mi)，其(qi)底基(ji)(ji)(ji)距現贛江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)面(mian)(mian)落(luo)差(cha)僅2米(mi)(mi)(mi)，贛江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)上(shang)(shang)漲(zhang)時，河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)可(ke)直接(jie)入(ru)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)，推測為(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)門。南(nan)正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)門寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)28米(mi)(mi)(mi)，為(wei)“凸”形結構，從其(qi)上(shang)(shang)殘存(cun)疊壓的(de)瓦(wa)(wa)片(pian)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)，該處(chu)(chu)原可(ke)能為(wei)一(yi)門闕(que)。北正(zheng)中(zhong)(zhong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)門寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)15米(mi)(mi)(mi)，入(ru)門較陡(dou)，可(ke)分(fen)(fen)別(bie)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)內(nei)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和外(wai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。 城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)為(wei)土筑(zhu)，高(gao)度因(yin)地勢(shi)的(de)南(nan)高(gao)北低而(er)(er)相反，從而(er)(er)使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)四周基(ji)(ji)(ji)本處(chu)(chu)于(yu)同一(yi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)。南(nan)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)高(gao)4﹒5米(mi)(mi)(mi)，東(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)高(gao)10﹒2米(mi)(mi)(mi)，北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)則高(gao)達(da)20﹒5米(mi)(mi)(mi)；城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)頂寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)2-3米(mi)(mi)(mi)，基(ji)(ji)(ji)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)20-28米(mi)(mi)(mi)，以(yi)北城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)外(wai)有(you)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)，南(nan)側(ce)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)16﹒5米(mi)(mi)(mi)，深(shen)1﹒5米(mi)(mi)(mi)，東(dong)西(xi)兩側(ce)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)寬(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)(kuan)逾30米(mi)(mi)(mi)，護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)河(he)(he)由南(nan)往北流入(ru)贛江(jiang)。 發(fa)(fa)掘中(zhong)(zhong)，出(chu)(chu)土了(le)(le)春秋戰國(guo)時漢(han)晉時期珍貴文物(wu)數百件，有(you)大(da)型建筑(zhu)材料：長(chang)達(da)40厘米(mi)(mi)(mi)的(de)板瓦(wa)(wa)、筒瓦(wa)(wa)，一(yi)批保存(cun)完(wan)好(hao)的(de)圓形瓦(wa)(wa)當(dang)，其(qi)紋瓦(wa)(wa)當(dang)酷似(si)秦(qin)咸陽宮出(chu)(chu)土文物(wu)，頗具秦(qin)文化(hua)風格；有(you)青銅(tong)兵器：青銅(tong)箭(jian)鏃；有(you)生產(chan)生活用(yong)具、鐵器、陶(tao)(tao)紡輪、陶(tao)(tao)網墜、陶(tao)(tao)通風管，還有(you)大(da)量的(de)鐵渣、銅(tong)渣、銅(tong)飾件等。同時，在白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址的(de)南(nan)面(mian)(mian)和西(xi)面(mian)(mian)還發(fa)(fa)現“天子堆(dui)”、皇帝地等與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址同時代的(de)古墓群(qun)。 肖(xiao)用(yong)桁(heng)說，專家們從城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)解(jie)剖結果表明(ming)白口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)板筑(zhu)法(fa)筑(zhu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，分(fen)(fen)層棍棒夯(hang)筑(zhu)，而(er)(er)層內(nei)出(chu)(chu)土物(wu)均(jun)為(wei)漢(han)代板瓦(wa)(wa)殘片(pian)，故其(qi)時代應在漢(han)代，也就是說該城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)始筑(zhu)于(yu)西(xi)漢(han)初年(nian)，使用(yong)年(nian)代至(zhi)少延續到東(dong)晉。

肖用桁(heng)告(gao)訴記者，吉安古稱(cheng)廬陵(ling)，廬陵(ling)縣(xian)建(jian)于(yu)秦末漢初，治所在西(xi)昌已見于(yu)史載，但城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)的具體位置(zhi)一直無定論，白口城(cheng)(cheng)的勘探(tan)，確定了白口城(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)廬陵(ling)城(cheng)(cheng)。

肖用桁介紹，秦(qin)(qin)始(shi)皇(huang)統一六國推行(xing)郡(jun)縣(xian)制，分(fen)天下三(san)十六郡(jun)，其中九(jiu)江(jiang)郡(jun)轄江(jiang)西部分(fen)地區。《明一統志(zhi)(zhi)》云：“始(shi)皇(huang)二(er)十四年(nian)王翦滅楚，虜負芻，明年(nian)（公元前222年(nian)）置(zhi)廬(lu)陵、安平、新淦三(san)縣(xian)，屬(shu)九(jiu)江(jiang)郡(jun)。”《泰(tai)和縣(xian)志(zhi)(zhi)》沿革表：“秦(qin)(qin)廬(lu)陵縣(xian)屬(shu)九(jiu)江(jiang)郡(jun)，唐志(zhi)(zhi)、舊志(zhi)(zhi)未載(zai)縣(xian)治，疑即西昌(chang)。漢高帝二(er)年(nian)分(fen)淮南立豫章郡(jun)，唐志(zhi)(zhi)故縣(xian)在今(jin)(jin)泰(tai)和縣(xian)西三(san)里。”乾隆(long)版(ban)《吉安府志(zhi)(zhi)》引《太平寰宇(yu)記》：“漢高帝五年(nian)，以廬(lu)陵縣(xian)屬(shu)豫章郡(jun)，故廬(lu)陵縣(xian)在今(jin)(jin)泰(tai)和縣(xian)西三(san)里。”以上史載(zai)不但闡明了廬(lu)陵縣(xian)的設置(zhi)時間(jian)，而且指出了其治所的位置(zhi)。

《晉書(shu)(shu)》地(di)(di)志(zhi)(zhi)廬(lu)陵(ling)郡(jun)條下注云：吳置，其屬有西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)、高昌(chang)(chang)(chang)、石(shi)陽(yang)、巴邱、南野、東昌(chang)(chang)(chang)、遂(sui)興、吉陽(yang)、興平(ping)、陽(yang)豐十縣(xian)。《宋書(shu)(shu)》：領(ling)縣(xian)九，曰：石(shi)陽(yang)，西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)、東昌(chang)(chang)(chang)、吉陽(yang)、巴邱、興平(ping)、陽(yang)豐、高昌(chang)(chang)(chang)、遂(sui)興。《南齊書(shu)(shu)》同，梁(liang)、陳無地(di)(di)志(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)《舊唐書(shu)(shu)》地(di)(di)志(zhi)(zhi)云：廬(lu)陵(ling)漢(han)縣(xian)，后(hou)改為西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)，舊志(zhi)(zhi)稱置西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)為郡(jun)治(zhi)。從(cong)《晉書(shu)(shu)》與《唐書(shu)(shu)》考(kao)歷代史及省府各志(zhi)(zhi)所載(zai)，省、府、州(zhou)、縣(xian)皆先附郭之名(ming)。如《晉書(shu)(shu)》所載(zai)即以西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)為首縣(xian)，后(hou)遷石(shi)陽(yang)為郡(jun)治(zhi)，《宋書(shu)(shu)》所載(zai)即以石(shi)陽(yang)為首縣(xian)，“后(hou)漢(han)末以廬(lu)陵(ling)縣(xian)為郡(jun)，置西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)縣(xian)為廬(lu)陵(ling)郡(jun)治(zhi)”。由此(ci)可以認定當時廬(lu)陵(ling)郡(jun)治(zhi)在西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)(chang)(chang)。

按《泰和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)志》唐乾元三年(nian)(nian)（公元760年(nian)(nian)），縣(xian)(xian)(xian)治由西(xi)(xi)昌故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遷至白(bai)下驛西(xi)(xi)，名白(bai)下城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)（即(ji)大致(zhi)為(wei)今(jin)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)），而之前的(de)(de)西(xi)(xi)昌故城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)(zai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)西(xi)(xi)三里(li)，即(ji)東(dong)起坳街，西(xi)(xi)至街尾，南靠澄(cheng)江河，北至竹筱巷(xiang)。唐朝前期縣(xian)(xian)(xian)治在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，白(bai)口(kou)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)恰好在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)昌城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)三里(li)，與以上史籍(ji)相符(fu)。有(you)資料認為(wei)，廬陵(ling)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)今(jin)泰和縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)北30公里(li)處，肖用桁(heng)稱，這(zhe)種(zhong)認為(wei)是不正確(que)的(de)(de)，因為(wei)西(xi)(xi)漢(han)初(chu)豫(yu)章郡（現(xian)江西(xi)(xi)）僅有(you)18個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，人口(kou)不過35﹒2萬(wan)人，平均一個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)只有(you)2萬(wan)人。那時農業耕作(zuo)剛脫離“刀耕火種(zhong)”的(de)(de)原始粗放(fang)方(fang)式，尚處于(yu)封建(jian)社(she)會早期，生產力不發達(da)，人口(kou)又稀(xi)疏，不可(ke)能在(zai)(zai)(zai)面積達(da)23萬(wan)平方(fang)米的(de)(de)白(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)北30公里(li)地同時還(huan)有(you)一座作(zuo)為(wei)一方(fang)政治、經濟、文化中心的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池(chi)，更何(he)況當地文物工(gong)作(zuo)者多次(ci)有(you)針對(dui)性(xing)的(de)(de)調查，在(zai)(zai)(zai)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)西(xi)(xi)北方(fang)向一直未發現(xian)一絲古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)遺址(zhi)的(de)(de)蹤跡(ji)。而白(bai)口(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)始筑于(yu)西(xi)(xi)漢(han)初(chu)年(nian)(nian)，沿用到東(dong)晉末年(nian)(nian)前后，它與古廬陵(ling)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)創建(jian)至升(sheng)廬陵(ling)郡后外遷和西(xi)(xi)昌縣(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)初(chu)建(jian)年(nian)(nian)代基本(ben)相符(fu)。

再(zai)者，白口(kou)(kou)城位于(yu)贛(gan)江邊(bian)，處于(yu)水陸要沖，區位優勢明(ming)顯，昔秦(qin)皇漢武的(de)兩次征伐嶺(ling)南，數十萬浩浩大(da)軍均由此(ci)經過，上世紀70年代，泰(tai)和鄰縣(xian)(xian)遂川(chuan)出土的(de)一批秦(qin)代銅制兵(bing)器便是(shi)證(zheng)明(ming)。從泰(tai)和的(de)行政治(zhi)所的(de)歷史變遷來看(kan)，廬(lu)陵縣(xian)(xian)始建于(yu)白口(kou)(kou)城，漢興(xing)平元(yuan)(yuan)年（公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)194年）升遷為(wei)郡(jun)置西(xi)昌縣(xian)(xian)時，郡(jun)縣(xian)(xian)治(zhi)同在白口(kou)(kou)城。光緒版《泰(tai)和縣(xian)(xian)志》記載(zai)：“西(xi)昌為(wei)郡(jun)治(zhi)耳。”肯定了郡(jun)、縣(xian)(xian)同一治(zhi)所，與此(ci)相符。綜上所述，即可確定白口(kou)(kou)城為(wei)廬(lu)陵城。

肖用桁說(shuo)，對(dui)白口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勘探，其(qi)意(yi)(yi)義(yi)不僅(jin)僅(jin)確定了白口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)廬陵城(cheng)(cheng)，從(cong)而(er)破解了困擾人(ren)們千百年來古稱廬陵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吉安源(yuan)頭(tou)之謎，而(er)且對(dui)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)西的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)考(kao)古研(yan)(yan)究和對(dui)于(yu)(yu)地(di)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、歷史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)(jiang)西古文(wen)化(hua)研(yan)(yan)究都具(ju)有顯(xian)著的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價值。徐(xu)長青等(deng)專家曾(ceng)撰文(wen)認(ren)為(wei)，20世紀(ji)80年代文(wen)物普(pu)查(cha)時(shi)，僅(jin)發(fa)現柴桑(sang)、梟(xiao)阝陽、南(nan)野等(deng)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)遺物較豐富。其(qi)中柴桑(sang)城(cheng)(cheng)僅(jin)有記載和漢晉時(shi)期墓葬依據，梟(xiao)阝陽城(cheng)(cheng)僅(jin)剩數十米(mi)城(cheng)(cheng)墻且已(yi)陷(xian)入(ru)鄱陽湖包圍中，南(nan)野城(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)秦(qin)軍守南(nan)野界(jie)之地(di)，今存(cun)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)面積約4﹒6萬平方米(mi)。而(er)白口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)面積達23萬平方米(mi)，無(wu)(wu)論從(cong)規模還是保(bao)存(cun)狀(zhuang)況，在江(jiang)(jiang)西省(sheng)都是當之無(wu)(wu)愧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大和好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。因(yin)此(ci)，從(cong)研(yan)(yan)究白口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)入(ru)手(shou)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)江(jiang)(jiang)西的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)研(yan)(yan)究具(ju)有較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)義(yi)。白口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)位于(yu)(yu)贛(gan)中腹地(di)，為(wei)贛(gan)江(jiang)(jiang)中游(you)入(ru)上(shang)(shang)游(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“咽喉”所在，它在贛(gan)北、贛(gan)中、贛(gan)南(nan)文(wen)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)傳承鏈(lian)條上(shang)(shang)具(ju)有十分顯(xian)赫的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)理優勢，贛(gan)江(jiang)(jiang)中下游(you)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原始(shi)文(wen)化(hua)如吳城(cheng)(cheng)、新(xin)干商墓以及戰國糧(liang)倉等(deng)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)古文(wen)化(hua)遺址(zhi)(zhi)均位于(yu)(yu)這(zhe)一文(wen)化(hua)傳承帶(dai)上(shang)(shang)。從(cong)這(zhe)個意(yi)(yi)義(yi)上(shang)(shang)講(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)究白口(kou)(kou)城(cheng)(cheng)址(zhi)(zhi)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)地(di)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、歷史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)江(jiang)(jiang)西古文(wen)化(hua)都具(ju)有重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)(yi)義(yi)。