玄妙觀
全(quan)國(guo)重(zhong)點文(wen)物保護單位(wei)。位(wei)于湖(hu)北(bei)省荊州市中心城(cheng)區荊北(bei)路,小北(bei)門內西側,北(bei)靠城(cheng)墻。是(shi)荊州市著名(ming)的文(wen)物旅(lv)游景點和游覽(lan)勝地。始建于唐(tang)開元年間。玄(xuan)妙觀(guan)名(ming)稱曾多次變更。
公元(yuan)一○○九年,宋真宗下(xia)詔更名天慶觀。公元(yuan)一二九七(qi)年,元(yuan)成(cheng)宗復改為玄妙觀。公元(yuan)一三三九年,元(yuan)順(shun)帝賜題“九老(lao)仙都宮”。清代(dai)為避(bi)清圣祖康熙皇(huang)帝玄燁之(zhi)諱(hui),改名為元(yuan)妙觀。
古觀原由山(shan)門(men)和六(liu)(liu)座殿(dian)(dian)閣(ge)(ge)組成(cheng)(cheng)。六(liu)(liu)殿(dian)(dian)閣(ge)(ge)分別名為(wei)(wei)(wei)四圣(sheng)殿(dian)(dian)、三(san)(san)(san)清殿(dian)(dian)、玉(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣(ge)(ge)、玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)閣(ge)(ge)、圣(sheng)母(mu)(mu)殿(dian)(dian)和梓潼殿(dian)(dian)。前(qian)四殿(dian)(dian)依次(ci)成(cheng)(cheng)直線排(pai)列。四殿(dian)(dian)中(zhong)最后(hou)一(yi)殿(dian)(dian)玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)閣(ge)(ge)置于高(gao)臺,臺東為(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)母(mu)(mu)殿(dian)(dian),臺西(xi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)梓潼殿(dian)(dian)(供梓潼帝君)。后(hou)來剩下三(san)(san)(san)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)筑,前(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)玉(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣(ge)(ge),中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)三(san)(san)(san)天門(men),后(hou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)置于崇臺之上的玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)閣(ge)(ge)(又名紫皇(huang)(huang)寶殿(dian)(dian)),均為(wei)(wei)(wei)明代(dai)萬歷(li)十二年(公(gong)元一(yi)五八四年)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)。玉(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣(ge)(ge)重(zhong)建(jian)(jian)時作了(le)擴(kuo)建(jian)(jian),面(mian)闊三(san)(san)(san)間,進深三(san)(san)(san)間,略呈正(zheng)方形(xing),有(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)重(zhong)飛(fei)檐(yan)(yan),每(mei)層檐(yan)(yan)下施有(you)(you)玲瓏美觀的斗拱(gong)。三(san)(san)(san)重(zhong)檐(yan)(yan)由大(da)而(er)小,狀似三(san)(san)(san)層塔形(xing)。屋頂為(wei)(wei)(wei)鉆尖(jian)(jian)式,托一(yi)帶尖(jian)(jian)頂的青銅蓮(lian)花座,直刺(ci)云天,猶如盛(sheng)開于天際的金蓮(lian)。鉆尖(jian)(jian)頂上題有(you)(you)“大(da)明萬歷(li)庚辰吉旦”數字。屋面(mian)蓋(gai)黃、綠(lv)二色琉璃(li)瓦,金光閃閃,與(yu)后(hou)面(mian)高(gao)聳于崇臺上的玄(xuan)(xuan)武(wu)閣(ge)(ge)相互輝映,十分壯美。玉(yu)(yu)皇(huang)(huang)閣(ge)(ge)前(qian),豎(shu)有(you)(you)一(yi)塊高(gao)大(da)的石碑,為(wei)(wei)(wei)元順帝至正(zheng)三(san)(san)(san)年(公(gong)元一(yi)三(san)(san)(san)四三(san)(san)(san)年)所立,名為(wei)(wei)(wei)“九老仙(xian)都宮記”碑。根據碑文敘述(shu),元順帝當時封(feng)觀內主持道人唐洞(dong)云(道號元靜真人)為(wei)(wei)(wei)八仙(xian)之后(hou)第九仙(xian),玄(xuan)(xuan)妙觀因(yin)而(er)改名“九老仙(xian)都宮”。碑文為(wei)(wei)(wei)元代(dai)著名的洞(dong)庭學士(shi)歐陽元撰(zhuan)寫(xie),元代(dai)大(da)書法家危(wei)素手書。字體為(wei)(wei)(wei)楷(kai)書,陰文,字跡清晰,筆力遒勁,是一(yi)件珍貴文物。 ?
太暉觀
全國重點(dian)文物保護單位。位于(yu)湖北(bei)省荊州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)荊州(zhou)(zhou)城西(xi)門外太(tai)暉山(shan)上,距荊州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)3公里。。是文物旅游景點(dian)和(he)游覽(lan)勝地。太(tai)暉觀原是明代湘獻王(wang)朱柏(bo)所(suo)營建(jian)的王(wang)宮(gong)(gong),于(yu)洪武二十(shi)六年(nian)(公元一三(san)九三(san)年(nian))開始(shi)興建(jian)。朱柏(bo)建(jian)造這所(suo)王(wang)宮(gong)(gong),在規模和(he)裝飾方面都(dou)超過了當時所(suo)規定的等(deng)級建(jian)制(如雕有盤龍(long)的石柱),即(ji)將(jiang)竣工時被人告發,說(shuo)他有反(fan)逆之心。朱柏(bo)恐(kong)懼,將(jiang)王(wang)宮(gong)(gong)改為(wei)道觀,名曰:“太(tai)暉”。崇禎八年(nian)曾重修,有“遍數琳宮(gong)(gong),獨此雄(xiong)甲荊楚”的美譽。
太暉觀(guan)坐北朝(chao)(chao)南,殿(dian)(dian)宇壯偉,樓閣玲(ling)瓏(long),金碧(bi)輝煌(huang)。前(qian)(qian)為(wei)(wei)山門(men)(men)(men),兩旁(pang)建(jian)有(you)(you)(you)鐘(zhong)鼓樓,進而為(wei)(wei)前(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)排列的四大(da)天王(wang)廟、玉皇亭、觀(guan)音殿(dian)(dian)。觀(guan)音殿(dian)(dian)兩側有(you)(you)(you)東(dong)(dong)西兩大(da)宮(gong)。東(dong)(dong)大(da)宮(gong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)娘娘殿(dian)(dian)、圣母殿(dian)(dian);西大(da)宮(gong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)王(wang)母殿(dian)(dian)。經觀(guan)音殿(dian)(dian)入朝(chao)(chao)圣門(men)(men)(men),進祖(zu)師頂(ding)。現存(cun)建(jian)筑有(you)(you)(you)朝(chao)(chao)圣門(men)(men)(men)、祖(zu)師殿(dian)(dian),建(jian)在條石(shi)砌成的高(gao)(gao)臺上,臺高(gao)(gao)八(ba)點二(er)米(mi),正面(mian)(mian)和兩側共有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)梯三道。登朝(chao)(chao)圣門(men)(men)(men),得爬三十二(er)級石(shi)階梯。階梯兩旁(pang)有(you)(you)(you)青(qing)石(shi)欄桿,欄板(ban)上雕(diao)刻著各種人(ren)物故事圖案(an),妙趣橫(heng)生。祖(zu)師頂(ding)四周,設有(you)(you)(you)兩米(mi)多(duo)高(gao)(gao)的圍墻,圍墻上鑲嵌大(da)小五百(bai)靈官,千姿(zi)百(bai)態。大(da)殿(dian)(dian)原蓋(gai)銅瓦,金光閃耀,有(you)(you)(you)“小金頂(ding)”之稱。殿(dian)(dian)堂(tang)廊宇四周,豎(shu)有(you)(you)(you)十二(er)根(gen)青(qing)石(shi)廊柱,其中正面(mian)(mian)四根(gen)與背(bei)面(mian)(mian)二(er)根(gen)透(tou)雕(diao)蟠(pan)龍,龍頭伸出柱面(mian)(mian),鱗甲片片,狀若正在蟠(pan)游。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)雕(diao)梁畫棟,彩繪滿布,觸(chu)目生輝。殿(dian)(dian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)一泓清池,碧(bi)波粼(lin)(lin)粼(lin)(lin)。四周蒼松翠柏,暗日迷禽。觀(guan)前(qian)(qian)流水縈繞,倒影綽約多(duo)姿(zi)。從(cong)前(qian)(qian)“每當春暮,游人(ren)四布,林(lin)野(ye)百(bai)戲競(jing)陳,金翠歌謳,歡連宵(xiao)旦。”四時游人(ren)前(qian)(qian)來,“相攜素(su)侶盡(jin)忘饑,雙(shuang)槳搖風入翠微(wei)”盡(jin)情游賞,留連忘返(fan)。
開元觀
全國(guo)重(zhong)(zhong)點文物保護單位。位于(yu)湖北省(sheng)荊州市中(zhong)(zhong)心城區荊西(xi)路。是(shi)文物旅游景點和游覽勝(sheng)地。始建于(yu)唐開元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)713至741年(nian)(nian))間,故名開元(yuan)觀(guan)。其現(xian)存建筑為(wei)明清(qing)(qing)(qing)兩(liang)代(dai)重(zhong)(zhong)建,共有(you)三重(zhong)(zhong)殿(dian)(dian),前(qian)為(wei)雷祖(zu)殿(dian)(dian)、中(zhong)(zhong)為(wei)三清(qing)(qing)(qing)殿(dian)(dian)、后(hou)(hou)為(wei)祖(zu)師殿(dian)(dian)。后(hou)(hou)殿(dian)(dian)建于(yu)高臺之(zhi)上,前(qian)有(you)天(tian)門,門樓(lou)精巧,頂檐兩(liang)端裝飾(shi)有(you)蟠龍(long)(long)一對。祖(zu)師殿(dian)(dian)飛(fei)閣數重(zhong)(zhong)且雕飾(shi)有(you)龍(long)(long)頭,象征降龍(long)(long)伏(fu)虎(hu)的兩(liang)把寶劍,分別刺(ci)入兩(liang)個龍(long)(long)頭。殿(dian)(dian)內(nei)正中(zhong)(zhong)上方繪有(you)五色龍(long)(long)鳳,形(xing)態栩栩如生(sheng)。觀(guan)內(nei)現(xian)存有(you)明清(qing)(qing)(qing)碑刻、銅鐘(zhong)等(deng)文物。雷祖(zu)殿(dian)(dian)旁陳(chen)列的特大型馬槽和大鐵鍋傳說為(wei)關羽和曹操所用(yong)。