主要(yao)保護對(dui)象為紅樹林濕(shi)地、獼猴、鳥類(lei)及海島生(sheng)態(tai)環境,是研究(jiu)濕(shi)地生(sheng)態(tai)系統、候(hou)鳥以及獼猴原生(sheng)地和(he)發展史的重要(yao)基地。
淇澳紅樹林(lin)(lin)保護區內擁有維管(guan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)165科(ke)470屬(shu)(shu)(shu)695種(zhong)(野生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)140科(ke)398屬(shu)(shu)(shu)556種(zhong),栽培植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)65科(ke)106屬(shu)(shu)(shu)139種(zhong))。在野生維管(guan)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong),其中(zhong)(zhong)蕨類(lei)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)19科(ke)28屬(shu)(shu)(shu)39種(zhong);裸子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)3科(ke)3屬(shu)(shu)(shu)4種(zhong),被子植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)118科(ke)367屬(shu)(shu)(shu)513種(zhong)。其中(zhong)(zhong)紅樹植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)10科(ke)13屬(shu)(shu)(shu)15種(zhong),分(fen)別(bie)占中(zhong)(zhong)國現有紅樹科(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)的(de)83.3%、86.7%和(he)55.6%;半紅樹植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)達(da)7科(ke)9屬(shu)(shu)(shu)9種(zhong),分(fen)別(bie)占中(zhong)(zhong)國現有半紅樹科(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)的(de)77.8%、90%和(he)90%;紅樹林(lin)(lin)伴生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)為11科(ke)15屬(shu)(shu)(shu)15種(zhong),分(fen)別(bie)占中(zhong)(zhong)國紅樹林(lin)(lin)伴生植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)科(ke)、屬(shu)(shu)(shu)、種(zhong)的(de)73.3%、71.4%和(he)68.2%。
擔桿(gan)島(dao)獼(mi)猴保護區內擁(yong)有維管(guan)植(zhi)物438種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含(han)9變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)),分隸320屬(shu)(shu)(shu)123科(ke)(ke)(ke)。其(qi)中蕨類植(zhi)物22種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸18屬(shu)(shu)(shu)17科(ke)(ke)(ke);裸子植(zhi)物7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸5屬(shu)(shu)(shu)5科(ke)(ke)(ke);雙子葉植(zhi)物342種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)8變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸250屬(shu)(shu)(shu)86科(ke)(ke)(ke);單(dan)子葉植(zhi)物58種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)1變種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),分隸47屬(shu)(shu)(shu)15科(ke)(ke)(ke)。屬(shu)(shu)(shu)國家3級重點(dian)保護植(zhi)物有土沉香、吊皮錐和白(bai)桂木三種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
淇澳島:區內擁有(you)(you)底(di)棲動(dong)(dong)(dong)物103種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬(shu)5綱(gang),14目(mu)48科;魚(yu)類(lei)90種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),隸屬(shu)10目(mu),41科;陸(lu)生脊(ji)椎(zhui)野生動(dong)(dong)(dong)物154種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(含兩棲動(dong)(dong)(dong)物15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),爬行動(dong)(dong)(dong)物27種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),鳥類(lei)99種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),哺乳動(dong)(dong)(dong)物13種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))隸屬(shu)25目(mu),58科。屬(shu)國家(jia)重點保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物(珍稀瀕危動(dong)(dong)(dong)物)15種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占廣東(dong)省珍稀瀕危動(dong)(dong)(dong)物總(zong)數(117種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong))的12.8%,其中國家(jia)一級重點保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物有(you)(you)1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),二級重點保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)(dong)物14種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。
擔桿(gan)島(dao):區(qu)內擁有野生(sheng)動物(wu)85種(zhong),分隸34科(ke)、19目。其中獸類10種(zhong);鳥類60種(zhong);爬行(xing)類10種(zhong);兩棲類5種(zhong)。屬國家(jia)1級(ji)重點(dian)保護動物(wu)有蟒蛇(she)1種(zhong);國家(jia)2級(ji)保護動物(wu)獼(mi)猴、穿山(shan)甲、松雀鷹、雀鷹、鳶、褐翅鴉(ya)鵑、長耳(er)鸮和虎紋(wen)蛙等9種(zhong)。
淇澳(ao)島紅樹林(lin)自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu),位于(yu)廣東省珠(zhu)海市(shi)淇澳(ao)島西北部,地理位置居于(yu)東經(jing)113°36′40〞~113°39′15〞,北緯22°23′40〞~22°27′38〞之間,東南、西南與(yu)該島大澳(ao)圍、東涌、西涌、石井灣接壤,西北及東北與(yu)中山、深(shen)圳、香港隔海相望,總面積5103.77公頃。
擔桿島(dao)自然保(bao)護區,位(wei)于珠江(jiang)入海中,北(bei)距(ju)香港、深圳(zhen)分別為20km和78km,西北(bei)距(ju)澳(ao)門、珠海分別為72km和74km。地理位(wei)置(zhi)在東(dong)經114°07′~114°19′,北(bei)緯21°58′~22°04′。包括擔桿島(dao)、二洲(zhou)島(dao),總面積2270公(gong)頃(qing)。
1989年11月,廣(guang)東省人民政府批準(zhun)建立擔桿(gan)島獼猴省級自然保護(hu)區。
1990年6月,成立珠(zhu)海(hai)市(shi)擔(dan)桿(gan)島獼猴保(bao)護區管(guan)理站,由市(shi)綠化委(wei)員會管(guan)理。
2000年4月,珠海市人(ren)民政府批準成立“淇(qi)澳紅樹(shu)林保護區(qu)”,由(you)淇(qi)澳管(guan)理區(qu)管(guan)理。
2002年(nian)2月,市林(lin)(lin)業局正式接管淇澳(ao)紅樹林(lin)(lin)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu),擔桿島省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)由市野生動(dong)植(zhi)物保護(hu)管理站接管,盧海洋站長(chang)兼管全面工作。
2004年11月,廣(guang)東省(sheng)人民政府(fu)批準同(tong)意(yi)將淇澳(ao)島自(zi)然保護(hu)區和(he)擔(dan)桿島省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護(hu)區合并,建立(li)“珠海淇澳(ao)—擔(dan)桿島省(sheng)級自(zi)然保護(hu)區”。
2006年1月,珠海淇澳—擔桿島省級自然保護區管理處(chu)籌建正式完成(cheng),并獨立辦公(gong)。
珠海淇(qi)澳(ao)—擔(dan)桿(gan)島省級(ji)自然保護(hu)區與中國(guo)林(lin)(lin)(lin)科(ke)院熱帶(dai)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)研究所(suo)合作申報的(de)國(guo)家科(ke)技(ji)部農業(ye)科(ke)技(ji)成果(guo)轉化資金項目(mu)《紅(hong)樹林(lin)(lin)(lin)濕(shi)地植被(bei)快(kuai)速恢(hui)復(fu)技(ji)術應用示范》和國(guo)家“十一五”科(ke)技(ji)攻關項目(mu)專項《華南沿海紅(hong)樹林(lin)(lin)(lin)保護(hu)與恢(hui)復(fu)重建技(ji)術試(shi)驗示范》最近已獲得國(guo)家科(ke)技(ji)部批準,項目(mu)即將在淇(qi)澳(ao)島紅(hong)樹林(lin)(lin)(lin)保護(hu)區全(quan)面展開。