夾江疊鞘石斛是指在夾江地域范圍內種植培育的一種蘭科植物。石斛(hu)又稱黃(huang)草、栽(zai)秧花,之所以稱為(wei)疊(die)鞘(qiao)石斛(hu)是由于這種石斛(hu)葉鞘(qiao)層層堆疊(die)。夾江疊(die)鞘(qiao)石斛(hu)是指在夾江地(di)域范圍內種植培育的一種蘭科植物(wu)。
地形地貌
夾(jia)江(jiang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)處川西斷褶區(qu),位于(yu)成(cheng)都斷凹(ao),龍泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)熊(xiong)坡背斜(xie)(xie)(xie)斷褶帶(dai),江(jiang)油蘆山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斷褶帶(dai)、峨(e)眉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)斷塊的(de)交接處,地(di)(di)(di)(di)質構(gou)造(zao)復雜,地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)分異(yi)明顯。縣(xian)(xian)城以東大部份(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)為(wei)(wei)夾(jia)江(jiang)向(xiang)斜(xie)(xie)(xie),位于(yu)龍泉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)背斜(xie)(xie)(xie)與(yu)熊(xiong)坡背斜(xie)(xie)(xie),三蘇(su)背斜(xie)(xie)(xie)之(zhi)間。為(wei)(wei)雅安礫石(shi)層(ceng)冰水(shui)(shui)沉積物所沖填形成(cheng)的(de)70余(yu)平(ping)方公里(li)的(de)漹(yan)甘大壩(ba)和(he)220多(duo)平(ping)方公里(li)的(de)老(lao)沖積黃泥臺地(di)(di)(di)(di)。縣(xian)(xian)境中部,任(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)背斜(xie)(xie)(xie)由西南(nan)向(xiang)東北(bei)斜(xie)(xie)(xie)貫(guan)全境,背斜(xie)(xie)(xie)兩翼構(gou)成(cheng)壟崗狀(zhuang)丘(qiu)陵(ling)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao),多(duo)饅頭山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。青衣江(jiang)以西的(de)華頭、木城片區(qu)的(de)大部份(fen),屬于(yu)峨(e)眉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)余(yu)脈,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峰(feng)突起,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巒連綿與(yu)任(ren)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)背斜(xie)(xie)(xie)相接,構(gou)成(cheng)我縣(xian)(xian)低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)貌(mao)類型。地(di)(di)(di)(di)跨東經103°17'~103°44';北(bei)緯29°38'~29°55'。幅員(yuan)面積748.47平(ping)方公里(li)。縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)內(nei),地(di)(di)(di)(di)勢由西北(bei)向(xiang)東南(nan)傾斜(xie)(xie)(xie),全縣(xian)(xian)平(ping)壩(ba)、低(di)(di)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、丘(qiu)陵(ling)分布較為(wei)(wei)均(jun)勻,3種地(di)(di)(di)(di)形各(ge)占三分之(zhi)一。縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)內(nei)水(shui)(shui)資源豐富,以青衣江(jiang)為(wei)(wei)代(dai)表的(de)大小河流共有20余(yu)條。野生(sheng)石(shi)斛附生(sheng)于(yu)高山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)巖石(shi)、樹干(gan)上,喜溫暖和(he)雨量充沛的(de)濕(shi)潤(run)、陰暗的(de)環(huan)境。因此夾(jia)江(jiang)多(duo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、多(duo)河流的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)理環(huan)境特征(zheng)為(wei)(wei)夾(jia)江(jiang)疊(die)鞘(qiao)石(shi)斛的(de)生(sheng)長提供了得天獨厚的(de)基(ji)本條件。
氣候特點
夾江縣(xian)(xian)屬中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶濕潤(run)性季(ji)(ji)風(feng)氣(qi)候(hou)區。據氣(qi)象資(zi)料(liao)記載,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)16.9℃,年(nian)降雨量充沛,為1324.9毫(hao)米(mi),平(ping)(ping)均相對濕度(du)(du)83%,最小相對濕度(du)(du)23%,年(nian)均日照時數1032.7小時,日照率24.3%,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均積溫(wen)6250.6℃,年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均無霜(shuang)(shuang)期307天(tian)。全縣(xian)(xian)春夏(xia)秋(qiu)冬(dong)四季(ji)(ji)分(fen)(fen)(fen)明,夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)略(lve)長(chang)于(yu)冬(dong)季(ji)(ji),分(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)為99天(tian)和96天(tian)。最熱月是7月,基本(ben)(ben)上無酷(ku)暑;最冷月是2月,冬(dong)暖霜(shuang)(shuang)雪少(shao),基本(ben)(ben)上無嚴冬(dong)。春季(ji)(ji)氣(qi)溫(wen)回暖快(kuai),但不穩定(ding),秋(qiu)季(ji)(ji)降溫(wen)快(kuai),有綿雨。縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內各地氣(qi)溫(wen)的差(cha)異,由東南向西北,隨海拔高度(du)(du)的增加(jia)而(er)逐漸(jian)降低。年(nian)平(ping)(ping)均風(feng)速僅1~2 m/s,累年(nian)各月均以(yi)靜風(feng)最多,西北偏(pian)北為縣(xian)(xian)內的次(ci)多風(feng)向。縣(xian)(xian)內陰天(tian)多,日照的分(fen)(fen)(fen)配(pei)也(ye)不平(ping)(ping)衡(heng),實感光照不足(zu)但夏(xia)季(ji)(ji)比(bi)例大(da),夾江石(shi)斛在5~35℃的條件下即可生(sheng)長(chang)旺盛,加(jia)上雨水多,因此夾江溫(wen)和、濕潤(run)的氣(qi)候(hou)十分(fen)(fen)(fen)有利(li)于(yu)疊鞘石(shi)斛生(sheng)長(chang)。
土壤特征
夾(jia)江(jiang)縣域內土壤(rang)(rang)母(mu)質(zhi)大致可分為(wei)九(jiu)大成土母(mu)質(zhi),第(di)四系新老沖積母(mu)質(zhi)占(zhan)一半以上,因此土壤(rang)(rang)質(zhi)地的組成以壤(rang)(rang)土為(wei)主,其中重(zhong)壤(rang)(rang)占(zhan)一半,中壤(rang)(rang)占(zhan)三分之一。