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產品介紹

越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)位(wei)于四川省南部，涼山州(zhou)北(bei)部，介于東(dong)經102°20′-102°54′，北(bei)緯28°18′-28°53′，海拔(ba)1600-2100m。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)農(nong)產品地(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)域保護范圍為越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)境內25個山區(qu)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)所屬的自然村，保護面積(ji)13067公(gong)頃。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)果(guo)形(xing)(xing)(xing)腎形(xing)(xing)(xing)或心臟形(xing)(xing)(xing)，縫(feng)合線(xian)明顯。果(guo)柄中(zhong)短，果(guo)大(da)(da)，果(guo)皮紅(hong)至紫紅(hong)色，皮色艷麗有光澤。果(guo)肉(rou)粉紅(hong)至玫瑰紅(hong)，肥厚多(duo)(duo)汁，質脆(cui)離核(he)。風味酸甜(tian)(tian)適度，品質佳。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)單(dan)(dan)果(guo)較重、可溶性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)含量高、營養豐富(fu)，含有大(da)(da)量維(wei)生素C及鈣、鐵等營養元素。其單(dan)(dan)果(guo)重≥4g，可溶性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)物(wu)含量≥14%、維(wei)生素C ≥6mg/100g。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)獨(du)特的環(huan)境被(bei)國內甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)專家確定為中(zhong)國甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)最(zui)適栽培區(qu)，且為全國露地(di)栽培甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)最(zui)早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)的地(di)區(qu)，果(guo)實(shi)的成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期在4月下旬-5月下旬，同一甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)品種(zhong)果(guo)實(shi)的成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)期比省內甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)主產區(qu)提(ti)早(zao)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)10 -15天(tian)，比北(bei)方甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)主產區(qu)提(ti)早(zao)成(cheng)熟(shu)(shu)25-30天(tian)。因(yin)此越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)被(bei)稱為“西(xi)(xi)南高海拔(ba)特早(zao)熟(shu)(shu)甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)栽培區(qu)”。 2004年取得農(nong)業部頒發的“綠色食(shi)品認證證書(shu)”。 甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)種(zhong)植業列入“十二五”經濟(ji)發展(zhan)計劃(hua)， 計劃(hua)到2015年發展(zhan)種(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)2000公(gong)頃，出臺多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)優惠政策，鼓勵農(nong)民種(zhong)植甜(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)。

自(zi)然生態環(huan)境(jing)和人文歷史(shi)因素(su)

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)地貌情(qing)況(kuang)：越西(xi)縣主(zhu)要(yao)地貌為平壩、中高低山(shan)，山(shan)地面積占90%以上，地勢南高北低，由南向北傾斜，境(jing)內海(hai)(hai)拔差較(jiao)大，大約為1000-2000米(mi)。最低海(hai)(hai)拔(梅花鄉巴姑河邊)1170米(mi)，最高海(hai)(hai)拔(陽糯雪山(shan)的主(zhu)峰鏵頭尖)4791米(mi)，形成獨特的立體氣候(hou)特征。縣境(jing)內主(zhu)要(yao)為水稻土(tu)(tu)、紫(zi)色(se)土(tu)(tu)、黃壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)、潮土(tu)(tu)、紅(hong)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)土(tu)(tu)和沼(zhao)澤土(tu)(tu)7個(ge)土(tu)(tu)類(lei)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)質(zhi)(zhi)地輕壤(rang)(rang)(rang)至重壤(rang)(rang)(rang)。土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)(rang)有(you)機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)含(han)量平均為 1.8 %， pH值6-7.5，酸堿適中。

（2）水文情況：境內大小(xiao)河(he)(he)流密(mi)布，屬大渡河(he)(he)水系的河(he)(he)流主要有(you)越西河(he)(he)、普雄河(he)(he)、漫灘河(he)(he)、寶珠拉(la)達(da)河(he)(he)等；屬金沙江水系的有(you)則普拉(la)達(da)河(he)(he)、保石河(he)(he)等，河(he)(he)流總長度212.6公里，其中以普雄河(he)(he)和越西河(he)(he)較長。

（3）氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況：越西縣屬北亞熱帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)，具有年(nian)(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差(cha)小、日(ri)較(jiao)差(cha)大，立體垂直氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)特(te)征明顯等(deng)特(te)點(dian)。海拔1600-2100米地區，年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)為11.3-13.3℃，≥10℃的(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)有效積溫(wen)3915.7-3200℃，平均(jun)降水量1017-1113mm（主要(yao)集中在6-10月，年(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)照時數1612.9-1860小時，無霜期248-225天(tian)，特(te)別是氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)穩定(ding)通過5℃的(de)初(chu)日(ri)在于2月下旬，春季氣(qi)溫(wen)回升快，使得果實(shi)成熟(shu)特(te)早。

（4）人(ren)文歷史情況：越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)歷史悠(you)久，因(yin)(yin)越(yue)(yue)過(guo)(guo)嶲(sui)水設(she)郡(jun)縣(xian)而得名。漢(han)帝元鼎(ding)6年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)越(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)郡(jun)，今越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)時(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)郡(jun)領(ling)之(zhi)“闌縣(xian)”。晉太康(kang)8年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)文昌帝君張亞子誕生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于境內(nei)中(zhong)所水鎮(zhen)。北(bei)周天(tian)和3年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)邛(qiong)都縣(xian)至隋唐，明洪武25年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)設(she)置(zhi)(zhi)越(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)衛(wei)，民國(guo)(guo)2年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改越(yue)(yue)嶲(sui)縣(xian)，是(shi)南(nan)方(fang)絲(si)綢之(zhi)路的(de)要塞(sai)，為(wei)(wei)彝(yi)族世居地。 從(cong)(cong)二十世紀(ji)七十年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代開始，越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)大(da)量種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，自(zi)此便與人(ren)們的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活密(mi)不可(ke)分，特(te)別是(shi)與彝(yi)族畢(bi)(bi)摩(mo)文化緊密(mi)聯系(xi)：甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)因(yin)(yin)其果(guo)(guo)實(shi)艷(yan)麗、枝葉(xie)純潔、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命(ming)力強被(bei)(bei)彝(yi)人(ren)同鐵杉樹(shu)一(yi)道(dao)敬為(wei)(wei)“神(shen)(shen)枝”，鐵杉生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)于高寒之(zhi)山，寓意(yi)(yi)(yi)陽剛，象征男性(xing)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)于低山、寓意(yi)(yi)(yi)陰(yin)柔，象征母(mu)性(xing)，以男、女性(xing)相(xiang)對應，象征彝(yi)人(ren)男、女相(xiang)互(hu)依從(cong)(cong)繁(fan)衍(yan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)息，人(ren)們從(cong)(cong)此過(guo)(guo)上幸福(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活。據(ju)彝(yi)族畢(bi)(bi)摩(mo)經(jing)書記(ji)載：遠(yuan)古時(shi)(shi)代，為(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)彝(yi)人(ren)的(de)興旺發(fa)達、幸福(fu)安(an)康(kang)，上天(tian)授意(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)間請畢(bi)(bi)摩(mo)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)法(fa)事，于是(shi)彝(yi)人(ren)先民用金銀財寶做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝、野獸(shou)野禽做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)祭(ji)牲(sheng)；到了(le)(le)著名的(de)彝(yi)族畢(bi)(bi)摩(mo)黑畢(bi)(bi)始祖時(shi)(shi)代，改用鐵杉樹(shu)和山櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)神(shen)(shen)枝、家畜家獸(shou)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)祭(ji)牲(sheng)；時(shi)(shi)至今日，眾多(duo)彝(yi)族在(zai)請畢(bi)(bi)摩(mo)進行(xing)祈福(fu)、小孩出生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)等多(duo)種隆重(zhong)法(fa)式(shi)時(shi)(shi)，都用甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)和鐵杉樹(shu)做(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)成神(shen)(shen)枝、神(shen)(shen)柱(zhu)、神(shen)(shen)枷、神(shen)(shen)叉、神(shen)(shen)財，同雞、豬、羊、牛祭(ji)牲(sheng)一(yi)起進行(xing)祭(ji)祀，祈求幸福(fu)安(an)康(kang)，萬事如意(yi)(yi)(yi)。甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)樹(shu)因(yin)(yin)此被(bei)(bei)人(ren)們稱之(zhi)為(wei)(wei)“吉祥(xiang)之(zhi)樹(shu)、甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)果(guo)(guo)實(shi)被(bei)(bei)人(ren)們稱為(wei)(wei)“吉祥(xiang)之(zhi)果(guo)(guo)”。 甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)原產(chan)歐(ou)洲，性(xing)喜冷涼干燥，日照充足，對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態條件要求嚴格，適(shi)應區(qu)域(yu)狹小，全國(guo)(guo)種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面積不大(da)。越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)獨特(te)的(de)環境被(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)專家確定為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最適(shi)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)區(qu)，且為(wei)(wei)全國(guo)(guo)露地栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)最早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)的(de)地區(qu)，果(guo)(guo)實(shi)的(de)成熟(shu)期(qi)在(zai)4月下(xia)旬(xun)-5月下(xia)旬(xun)，同一(yi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)品種果(guo)(guo)實(shi)的(de)成熟(shu)期(qi)比(bi)省內(nei)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區(qu)提(ti)早(zao)(zao)成熟(shu)10 -15天(tian)，比(bi)北(bei)方(fang)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)主產(chan)區(qu)提(ti)早(zao)(zao)成熟(shu)25-30天(tian)。因(yin)(yin)此越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)被(bei)(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)“西(xi)(xi)南(nan)高海(hai)拔特(te)早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)栽(zai)培(pei)(pei)區(qu)”。 越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)已(yi)(yi)陸續(xu)建立了(le)(le)一(yi)批甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)科技(ji)示范園，同時(shi)(shi)建立了(le)(le)品種資源(yuan)圃(pu)、 母(mu)本(ben)采穗圃(pu)、苗木繁(fan)殖圃(pu)，為(wei)(wei)越(yue)(yue)西(xi)(xi)縣(xian)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)可(ke)持(chi)續(xu)發(fa)展奠(dian)定了(le)(le)良(liang)好的(de)基(ji)礎。目前全縣(xian)種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)面積333公頃，引入了(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)外(wai)優(you)(you)良(liang)品種40多(duo)個，已(yi)(yi)成為(wei)(wei)特(te)早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地。縣(xian)政府已(yi)(yi)將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)業列(lie)入“十一(yi)五”經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展計劃(hua)(hua)，制定了(le)(le)特(te)早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地建設(she)長(chang)遠(yuan)發(fa)展規劃(hua)(hua)，將甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)產(chan)業作為(wei)(wei)促農(nong)增收(shou)的(de)新的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)增長(chang)點(dian)來培(pei)(pei)育。計劃(hua)(hua)到2015年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)發(fa)展種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)2000公頃，出臺多(duo)種優(you)(you)惠政策(ce)，鼓勵農(nong)民種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)，甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)種植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)給果(guo)(guo)農(nong)帶來了(le)(le)可(ke)觀的(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)益，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高了(le)(le)農(nong)民的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)積極性(xing)，特(te)早(zao)(zao)熟(shu)甜(tian)(tian)(tian)櫻(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)桃(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)基(ji)地已(yi)(yi)初具規模。

地域范圍

越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)甜(tian)櫻桃農產(chan)(chan)品地(di)(di)理標志(zhi)地(di)(di)域保(bao)護(hu)范圍為越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)境內25個山(shan)區鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鎮(zhen)所(suo)屬的自(zi)然村，具體是大花(hua)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、丁山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、中所(suo)鎮(zhen)、大瑞(rui)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、南(nan)箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、馬拖(tuo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、五里箐鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、越(yue)(yue)(yue)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)、河東鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、西(xi)山(shan)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、大屯鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、新民鎮(zhen)、板橋鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、瓦巖鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、普(pu)雄(xiong)鎮(zhen)、樂(le)青地(di)(di)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、貢目鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、依洛地(di)(di)壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉(la)白(bai)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、鐵西(xi)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、拉(la)普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、爾覺鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、四(si)甘(gan)普(pu)鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)安鄉(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)的山(shan)地(di)(di)和山(shan)間盆地(di)(di)，保(bao)護(hu)面(mian)積13067公頃(qing)，產(chan)(chan)量10000噸(dun)。越(yue)(yue)(yue)西(xi)縣位于四(si)川省南(nan)部(bu)，涼山(shan)州(zhou)北部(bu)，介(jie)于東經102°20′-102°54′，北緯28°18′-28°53′，產(chan)(chan)區海拔1600-2100m。

品質特性特征

外在(zai)感官特征：越(yue)西甜櫻(ying)桃果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)形腎形或心臟形，縫合線明顯。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)柄(bing)中短，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大，果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)皮(pi)紅至紫紅色，皮(pi)色艷麗有光澤。果(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)肉(rou)粉紅至玫(mei)瑰(gui)紅，肥(fei)厚多汁，質(zhi)脆離(li)核。風(feng)味酸甜適度，品質(zhi)佳(jia)。

（2）內在品質(zhi)指標(biao)：越西甜櫻桃單果較重(zhong)、可溶性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物(wu)含(han)量高、營養 豐(feng)富，含(han)有大量維生(sheng)素C及鈣、鐵(tie)等(deng)營養元素。其(qi)單果重(zhong)≥4g，可溶性(xing)固(gu)形(xing)物(wu)含(han)量≥14%、維生(sheng)素C ≥6mg/100g。