芒果视频下载-高清在线

一.產品介紹

2013年(nian)，“涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)桑蠶(can)繭”評為四川省(sheng)20大區域公共品牌，品牌價值(zhi)11.93億元。種植基地(di)40.2萬(wan)畝，產量49.09萬(wan)擔(dan)，綜合產值(zhi)30.37億元，蠶(can)農收入9億元，是(shi)民族地(di)區經濟發展和(he)農民增收的重(zhong)要支(zhi)柱產業。2013年(nian)12月涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州被中國(guo)絲(si)綢協會評為“中國(guo)蠶(can)絲(si)之都”。

二(er).自然生態環境和人文歷史因素

（1）土壤(rang)(rang)地(di)貌情況：涼山(shan)州位于青藏高原(yuan)東南緣，四川省(sheng)西南部(bu)橫斷山(shan)區(qu)東北(bei)部(bu)，區(qu)域內地(di)貌復(fu)雜多樣，以(yi)層狀地(di)貌發育(yu)。地(di)貌以(yi)山(shan)地(di)為主，約(yue)占幅員面積(ji)的80%，山(shan)原(yuan)次之，丘(qiu)陵、沖積(ji)平(ping)原(yuan)、寬谷和(he)斷陷盆(pen)地(di)約(yue)占10%。涼山(shan)州土壤(rang)(rang)類型以(yi)紫色(se)土、紅壤(rang)(rang)土、黃棕壤(rang)(rang)、棕壤(rang)(rang)為主，占土壤(rang)(rang)總面積(ji)的80％，土壤(rang)(rang)結構好，土層深厚且(qie)疏(shu)松，透(tou)氣(qi)性好，土壤(rang)(rang)微酸，pH值在5.8-7.5之間，養分含(han)量(liang)較高，有機質含(han)量(liang)1～4%，堿(jian)解(jie)氮和(he)速(su)(su)效(xiao)鉀含(han)量(liang)豐富，堿(jian)解(jie)氮60～135ppm，速(su)(su)效(xiao)磷5～25ppm，速(su)(su)效(xiao)鉀在50～170ppm以(yi)上，適(shi)宜生長優(you)質蠶桑。

（2）水(shui)文情況：涼山州境內雨量豐富，河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)縱橫，山地(di)水(shui)系發(fa)達(da)，除(chu)安寧河(he)(he)(he)谷外，多(duo)數為山地(di)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)。流(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積在100平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)以上的(de)大小河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)共(gong)160多(duo)條，流(liu)域面(mian)(mian)積1000平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)以上的(de)主(zhu)要有(you)雅龍(long)江(jiang)等13條河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)，其中安寧河(he)(he)(he)是涼山州最大的(de)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)，全(quan)長326公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，流(liu)經州境內222公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)，貫穿冕(mian)寧、西(xi)昌和德昌3個縣市，共(gong)有(you)大小支(zhi)流(liu)18條，最大支(zhi)流(liu)有(you)孫水(shui)河(he)(he)(he)、錦川河(he)(he)(he)、河(he)(he)(he)曲河(he)(he)(he)。

（3）氣(qi)候(hou)情況：涼(liang)(liang)山州(zhou)適宜栽桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)廣闊(kuo)，有(you)“無(wu)地(di)(di)不宜桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，無(wu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)不宜蠶(can)”之(zhi)稱，其立體氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)明顯(xian)，光熱水(shui)資源豐富，雨(yu)(yu)熱同季，晝夜(ye)溫(wen)差(cha)大(da)，農業(ye)氣(qi)候(hou)條件比較(jiao)優(you)越。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)776mm～1176mm，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數1227～2603h，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)10.1～19℃，≥10℃的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)積溫(wen)4500～5760℃，無(wu)霜期202.9～346天(tian)。涼(liang)(liang)山州(zhou)獨(du)特的(de)(de)干(gan)旱兩季分明、日(ri)照(zhao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)數長、冬暖夏涼(liang)(liang)、雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)集中等(deng)氣(qi)候(hou)特征(zheng)是栽桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)最佳適宜區(qu)(qu)。涼(liang)(liang)山州(zhou)蠶(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)為(wei)典型(xing)的(de)(de)亞(ya)熱帶季風氣(qi)候(hou)，具(ju)有(you)氣(qi)溫(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差(cha)小(xiao)（12－14℃），低于四(si)川(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)(di)1－4℃，氣(qi)溫(wen)日(ri)較(jiao)差(cha)大(da)（年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)值10－14℃），比四(si)川(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)(di)大(da)3－6℃。蠶(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)區(qu)(qu)內(nei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)14－22℃，比四(si)川(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)(di)高(gao)3.8℃，比南(nan)充(chong)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)高(gao)4.5℃。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)960－1143mm之(zhi)間(jian)，夜(ye)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)占(zhan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)的(de)(de)75％，白天(tian)降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)量(liang)占(zhan)25％，降(jiang)雨(yu)(yu)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)多集中在(zai)5－9月(yue)，雨(yu)(yu)熱同季、夜(ye)雨(yu)(yu)晝晴。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)相對濕度62％－65％。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)平均(jun)日(ri)照(zhao)數2200小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)－2500小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，比四(si)川(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)(di)多825小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)－1200小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)；比南(nan)充(chong)多900小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)－1000小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。≥10℃的(de)(de)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)積溫(wen)5000－7500℃；全年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)無(wu)霜期290天(tian)－360天(tian)。獨(du)特的(de)(de)光熱資源是生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優(you)質桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)繭(jian)的(de)(de)有(you)利條件，涼(liang)(liang)山種植桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)樹生(sheng)長期長達(da)290多天(tian)，產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)量(liang)高(gao)，桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)樹當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)生(sheng)枝(zhi)條可(ke)達(da)4.5米以上，單株(zhu)產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)量(liang)可(ke)達(da)4公斤以上。寧南(nan)、會東、德昌、甘洛等(deng)地(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)葉(xie)36片即有(you)0.5公斤，較(jiao)四(si)川(chuan)內(nei)地(di)(di)產(chan)(chan)葉(xie)高(gao)一倍以上。蠶(can)區(qu)(qu)一年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)可(ke)養(yang)4-5季蠶(can)。涼(liang)(liang)山被(bei)國內(nei)蠶(can)業(ye)專家譽為(wei)“發展蠶(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)不可(ke)多得的(de)(de)一塊寶地(di)(di)”。

（4）人(ren)(ren)文歷(li)史(shi)情況：涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)境內居(ju)住著(zhu)彝、漢、藏、回、苗、蒙古、傈僳等(deng)14個(ge)世居(ju)民(min)(min)族，全(quan)州(zhou)總人(ren)(ren)口(kou)約448萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，農民(min)(min)388萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)，其中彝族人(ren)(ren)口(kou)208萬(wan)多人(ren)(ren)，占總人(ren)(ren)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)46.5%，是全(quan)國(guo)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝族聚(ju)居(ju)區。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)歷(li)史(shi)較(jiao)早。公(gong)元四(si)世紀(ji)，“南(nan)方(fang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)綢之路”途徑(jing)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，沿(yan)線人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)受(shou)其影響(xiang)，開(kai)始栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)，所(suo)(suo)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)，稱為“山(shan)(shan)(shan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)”，匯入絲(si)(si)(si)(si)綢之路。、唐(tang)代蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)較(jiao)盛。四(si)川通志食(shi)貨(huo)志，物產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)卷七(qi)十(shi)四(si)載(zai)：“絲(si)(si)(si)(si)布(唐(tang)志)崔州(zhou)貢絲(si)(si)(si)(si)布花布(無和(he)志)崔州(zhou)貢絲(si)(si)(si)(si)布”。在(zai)(zai)公(gong)元806年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)唐(tang)憲宗(zong)元和(he)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間(jian)即以(yi)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)布入貢。唐(tang)代以(yi)后(hou)，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)冕寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瀘(lu)(lu)寧(ning)、甘(gan)洛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田壩和(he)西(xi)昌(chang)等(deng)地蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)初具(ju)規(gui)模(mo)，有(you)一(yi)定(ding)數量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)織品在(zai)(zai)市(shi)場交易。至明、清代，西(xi)昌(chang)、冕寧(ning)、會(hui)理、越(yue)等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)區栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)較(jiao)盛。《西(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)志》所(suo)(suo)載(zai)：“蠶(can)(can)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)清代較(jiao)盛”。民(min)(min)國(guo)期間(jian)，雖有(you)進取，但由于社會(hui)及經濟技術等(deng)原因而無大(da)成效，乃(nai)至衰退。據川康邊(bian)政資料輯(ji)要記載(zai)：“民(min)(min)國(guo)二十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(1940年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))西(xi)昌(chang)、冕寧(ning)、德昌(chang)、會(hui)理、鹽(yan)(yan)源、鹽(yan)(yan)邊(bian)、越(yue)西(xi)、普格(ge)等(deng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)尚有(you)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)樹41.38萬(wan)株(zhu)(zhu)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)20.69萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。西(xi)昌(chang)城內和(he)禮州(zhou)有(you)10家蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)廠。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)500馱(約37 500公(gong)斤(jin)(jin))，經云南(nan)銷往(wang)緬甸(dian)等(deng)國(guo)。以(yi)后(hou)逐漸衰退，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)量下(xia)降在(zai)(zai)5萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)左右。1947年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)昌(chang)、德昌(chang)、冕寧(ning)、瀘(lu)(lu)寧(ning)、鹽(yan)(yan)邊(bian)、普格(ge)和(he)西(xi)昌(chang)農場、會(hui)理農場共(gong)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)26238公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)41055公(gong)兩。至1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)量只有(you)2.6萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)”。解放(fang)后(hou)，黨和(he)國(guo)家重(zhong)視蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)。1951年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)康省農林廳在(zai)(zai)石棉設立蠶(can)(can)業指導所(suo)(suo)，1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)西(xi)昌(chang)專區10個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)都開(kai)始栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)。1956年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)已栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)114.58萬(wan)株(zhu)(zhu)，發蠶(can)(can)種(zhong)4588張，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)10.8萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)，1957年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)，大(da)躍進期間(jian)，蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)受(shou)到破壞 “文化大(da)革(ge)命”開(kai)始，蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)又遭到嚴重(zhong)挫(cuo)折。1970年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)區產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)僅有(you)2.92萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。接(jie)近解放(fang)前1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)水平。1971年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)雖逐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)所(suo)(suo)恢(hui)復，在(zai)(zai)1978年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)區產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)仍只6.91萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。黨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)一(yi)屆三中全(quan)會(hui)后(hou)，涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)政府為恢(hui)復蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，落實(shi)獎勵政策，扶持各地發展(zhan)栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)。中共(gong)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)委(wei)設立蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)領導小組(zu)，各縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)政府固(gu)定(ding)專人(ren)(ren)負責蠶(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，在(zai)(zai)重(zhong)點(dian)蠶(can)(can)區設立指導站(組(zu))。1980年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)州(zhou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)上升到15.1萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)州(zhou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)達80.8萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)。1982年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)寧(ning)南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)籌建(jian)絲(si)(si)(si)(si)廠，1988年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)會(hui)東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)建(jian)成聯辦絲(si)(si)(si)(si)廠，促進了(le)蠶(can)(can)業生產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)較(jiao)快的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)全(quan)州(zhou)有(you)12個(ge)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)養(yang)蠶(can)(can)，累計栽(zai)(zai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)12043萬(wan)株(zhu)(zhu)。產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)213.07萬(wan)公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)（4.26萬(wan)擔）。

近十(shi)(shi)多年(nian)(nian)來(lai)，特(te)別是(shi)“十(shi)(shi)五”以來(lai)，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進(jin)入了(le)(le)持(chi)續、快速、健康的(de)(de)發展軌道。年(nian)(nian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以平均100萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)（2萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)）以上(shang)速度遞增，到(dao) 2008年(nian)(nian)，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)樹種(zhong)植面積達到(dao)35萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)畝(mu)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量(liang)達到(dao)37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合產(chan)值12億元，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)農收(shou)(shou)入4.3億元。寧南(nan)、會東、德昌等(deng)縣(xian)(xian) 產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模不斷擴(kuo)大(da)，產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)鏈條(tiao)不斷完(wan)善，產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效益(yi)不斷提(ti)高，成為我(wo)州(zhou)發展農村(cun)經濟，促進(jin)農民增收(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)一(yi)大(da)支柱(zhu)產(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。為確(que)保涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)優(you)質桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)質量(liang)和信譽，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)州(zhou)技術監(jian)督局于2005年(nian)(nian)組織專家制定(ding)并發布(bu)了(le)(le)《桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)飼育(yu)技術規(gui)(gui)程》等(deng)6個農業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)地方標(biao)準，內容涵(han)蓋了(le)(le)育(yu)苗、栽桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)、養蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)分級、收(shou)(shou)烘、銷售等(deng)全(quan)過程。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從此(ci)走(zou)上(shang)了(le)(le)標(biao)準化生產(chan)道路。生產(chan)過程規(gui)(gui)范化、標(biao)準化。做到(dao)了(le)(le)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)品種(zhong)優(you)良(liang)化、桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)園栽培規(gui)(gui)范化、小(xiao)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)共(gong)育(yu)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化、大(da)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)飼養標(biao)準化、消毒(du)防病統一(yi)化。推行了(le)(le)鮮殼量(liang)計價辦法(fa)，實現了(le)(le)儀評(ping)收(shou)(shou)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，熱風烘繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)機(ji)烘炕，確(que)保了(le)(le)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)質量(liang)，形成了(le)(le)獨具特(te)色(se)的(de)(de)“涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)模式”蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生產(chan)水平在全(quan)省處于領先地位。2008年(nian)(nian)全(quan)州(zhou)養蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)44萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)張，產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)1855萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)（37.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)），占四川(chuan)省蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量(liang)的(de)(de)20％，是(shi)四川(chuan)省最大(da)的(de)(de)優(you)質桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和國家重要的(de)(de)優(you)質桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生產(chan)基地。蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量(liang)和質量(liang)連(lian)續六年(nian)(nian)排名全(quan)省第(di)一(yi)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)量(liang)在50萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)（萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)）以上(shang)的(de)(de)有(you)寧南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)、會東縣(xian)(xian)、德昌縣(xian)(xian)、西昌市(shi)、普格縣(xian)(xian)、冕(mian)寧縣(xian)(xian)、會理縣(xian)(xian)等(deng)8個縣(xian)(xian)市(shi)，其中寧南(nan)縣(xian)(xian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)775萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)（15.5）萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)，是(shi)四川(chuan)省蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生產(chan)第(di)一(yi)大(da)縣(xian)(xian)，會東縣(xian)(xian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)390萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)（7.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)），德昌縣(xian)(xian)產(chan)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)265萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)公斤(jin)（5.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)(wan)擔(dan)），為蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)綜合開發利用創(chuang)造了(le)(le)基礎條(tiao)件。

2002年(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)、會東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)、西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)市、普格(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)被(bei)(bei)列(lie)為(wei)“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)第一(yi)批優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)地”建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)項(xiang)目(mu)縣(xian)(xian)；同年(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)、會東(dong)縣(xian)(xian)、德(de)昌(chang)(chang)縣(xian)(xian)、普格(ge)(ge)縣(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)西(xi)部博覽會上(shang)被(bei)(bei)評為(wei)“名(ming)(ming)優(you)(you)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)”；2004年(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)功(gong)注(zhu)冊“南(nan)(nan)絲(si)(si)路(lu)”牌(pai)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)，“南(nan)(nan)絲(si)(si)路(lu)”牌(pai)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)榮(rong)獲了(le)(le)“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)知(zhi)名(ming)(ming)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)名(ming)(ming)優(you)(you)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)牌(pai)”、“四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)著(zhu)名(ming)(ming)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)”、“無(wu)公害(hai)農產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)”等榮(rong)譽稱號；2005年(nian)(nian)寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)、會東(dong)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在第二屆中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)西(xi)部博覽會上(shang)分別被(bei)(bei)評為(wei)“金獎(jiang)”、“優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)獎(jiang)”；寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)于2006年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家定為(wei)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)家農業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準化(hua)(hua)示范區(qu)”，2007年(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家定為(wei)東(dong)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)西(xi)移“蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)基(ji)地建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)單位”。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)以質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)好(hao)，品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)優(you)(you)而聞名(ming)(ming)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)外，其繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)形大而勻(yun)整，繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)層厚實、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)色潔(jie)白、繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)依蓬松、外觀無(wu)污(wu)物；粒繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)絲(si)(si)長(chang)≥1100米(mi)，解舒率≥70％，上(shang)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)率≥90％，干正繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)上(shang)車率≥95％，干繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)層率≥50％，深受市場(chang)歡(huan)迎(ying)，每公斤干正繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)銷售(shou)價格(ge)(ge)高于四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)內(nei)(nei)地6-8元。，高于江(jiang)浙1－2元。上(shang)世紀80－90年(nian)(nian)代產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)遠(yuan)銷日本、歐美(mei)，后隨(sui)著(zhu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)絲(si)(si)制品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)技術(shu)提(ti)高，國(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)水品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)提(ti)高，國(guo)(guo)(guo)際、國(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)價格(ge)(ge)相同，產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)停止了(le)(le)出口(kou)，67％桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)銷往四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、上(shang)海、江(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)等省(sheng)(sheng)市。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)不僅是重(zhong)(zhong)要的優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)繭(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)基(ji)地，還是四(si)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)省(sheng)(sheng)重(zhong)(zhong)要的優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)及(ji)供(gong)應(ying)調節基(ji)地。2008年(nian)(nian)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)兩(liang)個蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)93.26萬張，占全省(sheng)(sheng)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)總(zong)量(liang)的37％，成(cheng)為(wei)全省(sheng)(sheng)規模(mo)最大，質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)最好(hao)的優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)供(gong)應(ying)基(ji)地。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)于2008年(nian)(nian)在國(guo)(guo)(guo)家工商行(xing)(xing)政管(guan)理(li)總(zong)局成(cheng)功(gong)注(zhu)冊了(le)(le)“桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)花(hua)”牌(pai)商標(biao)(biao)(biao)，西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)市蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)從2003年(nian)(nian)開始出口(kou)遠(yuan)銷塔吉克斯(si)坦，已累計(ji)(ji)出口(kou)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)21.9萬張，塔吉克斯(si)坦還派蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)技術(shu)人(ren)員在西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)市蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)場(chang)學(xue)習蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)技術(shu)，贏得了(le)(le)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)界的信任，建(jian)(jian)立了(le)(le)長(chang)期的蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)合作關系(xi)。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)了(le)(le)設(she)(she)(she)備全省(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)流的蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)冷庫，州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)站在全省(sheng)(sheng)同行(xing)(xing)業(ye)中(zhong)首(shou)先通過(guo)省(sheng)(sheng)級蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)質(zhi)(zhi)檢(jian)資質(zhi)(zhi)和計(ji)(ji)量(liang)認證，為(wei)全州(zhou)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)更加方(fang)便、更加快捷、更加安全的服務。隨(sui)著(zhu)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)的發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)已擁(yong)有繅(sao)絲(si)(si)企(qi)業(ye)5戶，自動繅(sao)絲(si)(si)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)線30組12000緒，年(nian)(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)絲(si)(si)1000噸(dun)。桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)、蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)、絲(si)(si)系(xi)列(lie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)開發(fa)(fa)取得了(le)(le)新(xin)的突破。西(xi)昌(chang)(chang)華茂(mao)絲(si)(si)綢(chou)有限公司(si)年(nian)(nian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)1000噸(dun)繅(sao)絲(si)(si)廠完(wan)成(cheng)選址和項(xiang)目(mu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)，德(de)昌(chang)(chang)元坤綠色食品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)有限公司(si)6000噸(dun)桑(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)椹(shen)加工項(xiang)目(mu)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)，蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)蛹深加工提(ti)取活(huo)性化(hua)(hua)合物項(xiang)目(mu)落戶寧(ning)(ning)(ning)南(nan)(nan)。為(wei)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)蠶(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)(can)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)化(hua)(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)保障。

三.地域范圍

涼山州(zhou)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)四川省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)部橫斷山區東北部，青藏高原(yuan)東南(nan)(nan)緣，界于(yu)(yu)四川盆地(di)(di)與(yu)云南(nan)(nan)省(sheng)中部高原(yuan)之(zhi)間。地(di)(di)理(li)位(wei)置北緯26°03′—29°18′，東經100°15′—103°52′之(zhi)間。南(nan)(nan)北長370公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，東西(xi)(xi)寬(kuan)360公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，全州(zhou)幅員面積6.04萬(wan)平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，占四川省(sheng)的12.5%。涼山桑蠶繭農(nong)產(chan)品地(di)(di)理(li)標志地(di)(di)域(yu)保護范圍為涼山州(zhou)境內(nei)的寧(ning)南(nan)(nan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、會東縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、德昌(chang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)市(shi)（含西(xi)(xi)昌(chang)農(nong)場(chang)）、冕(mian)寧(ning)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、普(pu)格縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、會理(li)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、金陽縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、甘洛縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、雷波縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、喜德縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、鹽源縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、布拖縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng) 13個縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)市(shi)的211個鄉鎮(zhen)895個行政村，保護面積3.33萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃，年產(chan)桑蠶繭3000萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)（60萬(wan)擔）。

四.產品品質特性特征

（1）外觀(guan)感官特征(zheng): 涼山(shan)桑蠶繭(jian)繭(jian)形大且勻整，繭(jian)層厚實、繭(jian)色潔白、繭(jian)依蓬松、外觀(guan)無(wu)污(wu)物，以質量好，品質優而聞名(ming)國內外。

（2）內在品質指(zhi)標(biao)：涼山(shan)桑蠶(can)繭(jian)(jian)粒繭(jian)(jian)絲長≥1100米，解舒(shu)率≥70％，清(qing)潔(jie)≥98分(fen)(fen)，潔(jie)凈≥94分(fen)(fen)，毛(mao)繭(jian)(jian)出絲率≥38％，解舒(shu)絲長≥780.7米，萬米吊(diao)糙≤3.5次(ci)。涼山(shan)桑蠶(can)繭(jian)(jian)是繅(sao)5A級(ji)以上高品位生絲的(de)首選原料。