產地環境
四川省涼(liang)山州是中(zhong)國(guo)最(zui)大(da)的彝族聚居區,是中(zhong)國(guo)重要的優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)產(chan)區和現代煙(yan)(yan)草農業試點地區之一(yi),其(qi)得天獨厚的光熱(re)、水(shui)土(tu)資源等(deng)自然優(you)勢(shi),為盛產(chan)獨具“清(qing)(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)”風(feng)(feng)格特色的優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)創造了條件(jian)。涼(liang)山清(qing)(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)烤煙(yan)(yan)種植區光照充足、熱(re)量豐富、降水(shui)充沛、多(duo)夜雨,氣溫年(nian)較差小、日較差大(da),光合效率高,十(shi)分(fen)有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)光合作用的高積累,有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)形成“清(qing)(qing)甜(tian)(tian)香(xiang)”型(xing)風(feng)(feng)格特征的優(you)質(zhi)烤煙(yan)(yan),土(tu)層較厚,通(tong)透(tou)性良好,保水(shui)、保肥力強,土(tu)壤養分(fen)等(deng)理化指(zhi)標(biao)有(you)(you)利(li)于(yu)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)葉(xie)生長。
品質特點
經國內(nei)外(wai)專家鑒定(ding)評價,涼(liang)山清甜香(xiang)烤(kao)(kao)煙在香(xiang)氣量、吃味、雜氣等內(nei)在品(pin)質(zhi)上屬于中式卷煙制品(pin)中的調(diao)(diao)香(xiang)味原料(liao),烤(kao)(kao)煙外(wai)觀金(jin)黃、光澤鮮(xian)明(ming),組(zu)織(zhi)疏松(song),油份(fen)適中,化學成分協調(diao)(diao),配(pei)伍(wu)性強,安全性較好。“高(gao)糖、適煙堿、高(gao)鉀”,具有獨(du)特的“清甜香(xiang)”型風(feng)格,深受工(gong)業(ye)企業(ye)青(qing)睞(lai),進(jin)入(ru)了中華、芙(fu)蓉王、精品(pin)白沙、黃鶴樓、嬌子、廣雙喜、紅金(jin)龍(long)、哈德門等高(gao)檔品(pin)牌和大品(pin)牌卷煙的主配(pei)方(fang)。產品(pin)供不(bu)應求,需求量呈逐年上升趨勢。
生產情況
涼(liang)山(shan)州是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)重要的優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區和現代煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(cao)農(nong)業試點地(di)區之(zhi)一(yi),是中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)第 二大(da)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)產(chan)(chan)(chan)區,形成了“科(ke)研、生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、收(shou)購(gou)、銷(xiao)售(shou)、煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)物(wu)資供應、復烤(kao)加工、倉儲物(wu)流等”完整的產(chan)(chan)(chan)業體系。2004年~2008年涼(liang)山(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區累積為(wei)全(quan)(quan)國(guo)卷煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業企業生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)899.92萬擔,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)累計銷(xiao)售(shou)收(shou)入達(da)54.15億(yi)(yi)元(yuan),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利累計36.33億(yi)(yi)元(yuan);其中(zhong)(zhong)2008年生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)234.47萬擔,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)銷(xiao)售(shou)收(shou)入16.49億(yi)(yi)元(yuan),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利12.5億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)。2009年全(quan)(quan)州生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)收(shou)購(gou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)13.65萬噸,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)收(shou)入近19.6億(yi)(yi)元(yuan)。同時,利用(yong)自(zi)然生(sheng)(sheng)態優(you)勢,依靠(kao)科(ke)技(ji)創新(xin),培育出獨(du)具(ju)特色的“清甜(tian)香”型煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie),在中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)品(pin)系中(zhong)(zhong)獨(du)樹(shu)一(yi)幟,“涼(liang)山(shan)清甜(tian)香烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”獲(huo)“四川省名牌(pai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品(pin)”和“國(guo)家(jia)地(di)理標志保護(hu)”殊榮,使(shi)涼(liang)山(shan)成為(wei)四川最大(da)的優(you)質(zhi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業基地(di)和國(guo)家(jia)重要的煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)、烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)戰略生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、儲備基地(di)。2011年11月初,大(da)涼(liang)山(shan)“清甜(tian)香”煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)(xie)11個優(you)良品(pin)種、共12.5萬粒煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種搭載“神舟八號飛船”進入太空16天,與天宮一(yi)號進行兩(liang)次交會對(dui)接后,于(yu)11月17日(ri)返回地(di)面(mian),這是全(quan)(quan)球首次進行烤(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)品(pin)種航天太空育種試驗。
自然生(sheng)態環境和人文歷史因(yin)素
(1)土(tu)壤地(di)貌(mao)情況:涼山(shan)州位于青(qing)藏高(gao)原東南緣,四(si)川(chuan)省西南部橫(heng)斷(duan)山(shan)區東北(bei)部,區域內地(di)貌(mao)復雜(za)多(duo)樣,以(yi)層(ceng)(ceng)狀地(di)貌(mao)發育。地(di)貌(mao)以(yi)山(shan)地(di)為(wei)主(zhu),約占(zhan)(zhan)幅員面(mian)積的80%,山(shan)原次之,丘(qiu)陵、沖(chong)積平(ping)原及寬谷和(he)斷(duan)陷盆(pen)地(di)約占(zhan)(zhan)10%。涼山(shan)州基本煙田布局在(zai)河谷、低山(shan)、丘(qiu)陵、低中山(shan)、中山(shan)山(shan)地(di)和(he)平(ping)壩(ba)五種地(di)貌(mao)類型范圍,適宜清甜香烤煙生產的海(hai)拔高(gao)度范圍為(wei)1300~2200m,主(zhu)要集中在(zai)1500~1800m之間。土(tu)壤類型以(yi)紫色土(tu)、紅(hong)壤土(tu)、黃棕壤、棕壤為(wei)主(zhu),占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)面(mian)積的80%,土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou),土(tu)壤結(jie)構好(hao),土(tu)質疏松(song),透氣(qi)性(xing)好(hao),有(you)機(ji)質1~3%;堿(jian)解(jie)氮80~150mg/kg;速(su)(su)效(xiao)(xiao)磷5~20mg/kg;速(su)(su)效(xiao)(xiao)鉀(jia)100~200mg/kg;pH值5.0~7.0;0~60cm土(tu)層(ceng)(ceng)氯離子小于30mg/kg,即土(tu)壤微酸(suan),堿(jian)解(jie)氮和(he)速(su)(su)效(xiao)(xiao)鉀(jia)含(han)量豐(feng)富(fu),土(tu)壤質地(di)疏松(song),通(tong)透性(xing)好(hao),耕作層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)厚(hou),養分含(han)量較高(gao),這是形成(cheng)涼山(shan)清甜香烤煙“高(gao)糖(tang)、適煙堿(jian)、高(gao)鉀(jia)”特點的必要條件。
(2)水(shui)文(wen)情況:涼山(shan)州境(jing)內(nei)雨量(liang)豐富,河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)縱(zong)橫,山(shan)地(di)水(shui)系發(fa)達,除安寧河(he)(he)(he)(he)谷外,多數為(wei)山(shan)地(di)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)。流(liu)(liu)(liu)域面積(ji)在(zai)100平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)以上的(de)大(da)小河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)共160多條(tiao)(tiao),流(liu)(liu)(liu)域面積(ji)1000平方公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)以上的(de)主要有雅龍江等(deng)13條(tiao)(tiao)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu),其(qi)中安寧河(he)(he)(he)(he)是(shi)涼山(shan)州最(zui)大(da)的(de)河(he)(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu),全(quan)長326公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),流(liu)(liu)(liu)經州境(jing)內(nei)222公(gong)(gong)里(li)(li),貫穿冕寧、西昌(chang)和德昌(chang)3個(ge)縣市,有大(da)小支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)18條(tiao)(tiao),最(zui)大(da)支(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)有孫水(shui)何、錦川河(he)(he)(he)(he)、河(he)(he)(he)(he)曲(qu)河(he)(he)(he)(he)。
(3)氣(qi)候情況:涼(liang)山州立體氣(qi)候特(te)征明(ming)顯,光(guang)(guang)熱(re)水資源(yuan)豐富,雨熱(re)同季,農業氣(qi)候條件非(fei)常優(you)越。涼(liang)山州屬亞熱(re)帶(dai)季風氣(qi)候區,可劃分為(wei)三個(ge)亞熱(re)帶(dai)氣(qi)候垂直(zhi)帶(dai)和一個(ge)溫(wen)(wen)帶(dai)氣(qi)候帶(dai),年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)時數1627~2600h,年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照(zhao)輻射總量4300~6100MJ/平(ping)方米,是我(wo)國(guo)同緯度地區日照(zhao)時數和總輻射量最多的地區之一;年(nian)(nian)(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)14~19℃,≥10℃年(nian)(nian)(nian)有效(xiao)積溫(wen)(wen)5100~6000℃,無霜(shuang)期(qi)220~360d;年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量838~1176mm,干、雨季分明(ming),雨季從5月至6月初開始,10月中旬結束,降(jiang)水占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水量的80%~90%,夜(ye)雨率(lv)占(zhan)70%~80%。涼(liang)山清甜香(xiang)烤煙(yan)種植煙(yan)區全(quan)(quan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)氣(qi)候溫(wen)(wen)和,夏無酷暑,冬(dong)無嚴(yan)寒,光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)充足,雨水充沛,氣(qi)溫(wen)(wen)年(nian)(nian)(nian)較(jiao)差(cha)小、日較(jiao)差(cha)大,光(guang)(guang)合(he)效(xiao)率(lv)高,十分有利于(yu)煙(yan)葉光(guang)(guang)合(he)作(zuo)用(yong)的高積累,有利于(yu)形成“清甜香(xiang)”風格特(te)征的優(you)質烤煙(yan)。
(4)人(ren)文歷史(shi)情況:涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彝族自治州(zhou)有彝、漢、蒙、藏(zang)、回等(deng)14個世居民(min)(min)族,總(zong)人(ren)口448.4萬(wan)人(ren),其中(zhong)彝族208.29萬(wan)人(ren),占總(zong)人(ren)口的(de)(de)(de)46.45%,是全(quan)國(guo)(guo)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)彝族聚(ju)居區(qu)(qu)。 1941年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),會理王守(shou)庸(yong)組(zu)建華(hua)(hua)康烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)股份(fen)有限(xian)公(gong)(gong)司,從(cong)(cong)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)玉溪(xi)(xi)引(yin)(yin)(yin)進烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),無(wu)償(chang)發給農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),在(zai)攀蓮鄉川主廟、丙谷鄉各(ge)建了10座烤(kao)(kao)(kao)房(fang)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),全(quan)縣(xian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)100余(yu)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),收(shou)(shou)購煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)3.5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤,均(jun)銷往云(yun)(yun)南(nan)玉溪(xi)(xi)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)廠。 1942年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)康技藝(yi)(yi)專科學(xue)校農(nong)(nong)藝(yi)(yi)系教授詹(zhan)維廉、西(xi)昌(chang)裕民(min)(min)公(gong)(gong)司經理徐仲偉(wei)輾轉找到云(yun)(yun)南(nan)熱帶植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)研(yan)究所所長(chang)(chang)、西(xi)南(nan)聯大(da)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)系教授蔡希陶先生(sheng),從(cong)(cong)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)引(yin)(yin)(yin)進烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)良種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“大(da)金元(yuan)”在(zai)西(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)功,但(dan)未能(neng)推廣。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),美國(guo)(guo)華(hua)(hua)盛頓(dun)特區(qu)(qu)政府向中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)協會寄(ji)贈(zeng)500克“大(da)金元(yuan)”種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),中(zhong)華(hua)(hua)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)協會轉交徐仲偉(wei),亦在(zai)西(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)試(shi)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。該(gai)品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)流(liu)傳民(min)(min)間,經自選演(yan)變為(wei)(wei)(wei)晾曬煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),俗稱“老憨煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”、“大(da)附耳(er)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”。 1960年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),會理、米易、寧南(nan)等(deng)縣(xian)引(yin)(yin)(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)功。至1965年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),共收(shou)(shou)購烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)53.22萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。后(hou)因種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、烘烤(kao)(kao)(kao)技術不過關,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)質量(liang)(liang)差而停種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。1963年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)昌(chang)縣(xian)再次從(cong)(cong)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)引(yin)(yin)(yin)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),在(zai)縣(xian)委試(shi)驗(yan)田(tian)栽培(pei)和烘烤(kao)(kao)(kao)均(jun)獲成(cheng)功。1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),會理縣(xian)從(cong)(cong)云(yun)(yun)南(nan)省玉溪(xi)(xi)地區(qu)(qu)引(yin)(yin)(yin)進烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)353.87公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)收(shou)(shou)購烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)67.595萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤。會東(dong)、西(xi)昌(chang)、德(de)昌(chang)、寧南(nan)、普格(ge)等(deng)縣(xian)相繼推廣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。到1985年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)達7320余(yu)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),收(shou)(shou)購烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)12085噸(dun)(dun),成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)優質烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)基地。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),西(xi)昌(chang)市有22個鄉(鎮)、82個村(cun)、3152家農(nong)(nong)戶(hu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),移栽面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)713.33公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。當(dang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)因自然災害,實(shi)際種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)593.53公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),收(shou)(shou)干煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)76.5萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)斤,總(zong)產(chan)(chan)值260萬(wan)元(yuan)。 二十世紀90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代,涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)實(shi)現(xian)歷史(shi)性(xing)跨越(yue)式增長(chang)(chang)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)從(cong)(cong)不足1萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)增長(chang)(chang)至3.8萬(wan)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)(1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)),年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)從(cong)(cong)1萬(wan)余(yu)噸(dun)(dun)增長(chang)(chang)至7.9萬(wan)余(yu)噸(dun)(dun)(1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))。2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)2.2萬(wan)余(yu)公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),總(zong)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)3.4萬(wan)余(yu)噸(dun)(dun),中(zhong)上(shang)等(deng)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)比例達63.51%,為(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)川省烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)最(zui)集(ji)中(zhong)、產(chan)(chan)量(liang)(liang)最(zui)高(gao)、質量(liang)(liang)最(zui)好的(de)(de)(de)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)。 涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)已(yi)(yi)有70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)左右的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi),有廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)群眾基礎,在(zai)長(chang)(chang)期的(de)(de)(de)清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong),勞動人(ren)民(min)(min)積(ji)累了豐富的(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)經驗(yan)。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)“清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香”風格(ge)特征突出,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)外觀(guan)金黃(huang)、桔黃(huang)、光澤鮮明,組(zu)織(zhi)疏松,油(you)份(fen)適中(zhong),是烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)型卷(juan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)制品(pin)主配方的(de)(de)(de)原料。上(shang)海煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草(集(ji)團)公(gong)(gong)司、湖北(bei)中(zhong)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)集(ji)團、鄭州(zhou)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)草研(yan)究院等(deng)綜合質量(liang)(liang)評價:“涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)化學(xue)成(cheng)分含量(liang)(liang)處于適宜(yi)的(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍(wei)之(zhi)內,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)安全(quan)性(xing)較(jiao)好”、“涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)香氣量(liang)(liang)較(jiao)足,煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)氣狀態較(jiao)好,具有作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主料煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)的(de)(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)特征”、“與進口煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)進行比較(jiao),涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)外觀(guan)質量(liang)(liang)符合要求,化學(xue)成(cheng)分協調”。2004年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)-2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)區(qu)(qu)累積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)卷(juan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業(ye)企業(ye)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)45萬(wan)噸(dun)(dun),煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)農(nong)(nong)累計銷售(shou)收(shou)(shou)入達54.18億元(yuan), 煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅(shui)利累計36.33億元(yuan),五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)創煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)葉(xie)(xie)稅(shui)36.33億元(yuan),清甜(tian)(tian)(tian)香烤(kao)(kao)(kao)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已(yi)(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)高(gao)二半山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)區(qu)(qu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)(min)增收(shou)(shou)離不得(de)、財政增收(shou)(shou)少(shao)不得(de)、企業(ye)增效(xiao)垮不得(de)、卷(juan)煙(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)工業(ye)缺(que)不得(de)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要經濟作(zuo)物(wu)和支柱產(chan)(chan)業(ye)。