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吉林長白山人參，是人參的一個品種，主要生長于吉林長白山地區。多年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)草本；地下莖(jing)年(nian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)一節(jie)，組成(cheng)合軸式的根(gen)(gen)(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)；年(nian)節(jie)緊(jin)縮成(cheng)直立(li)或(huo)(huo)(huo)斜(xie)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的短(duan)根(gen)(gen)(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)節(jie)間(jian)粗(cu)短(duan)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)匍匐的竹(zhu)鞭狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)節(jie)間(jian)細(xi)長形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)橫臥的串(chuan)珠狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)根(gen)(gen)(gen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)莖(jing)。根(gen)(gen)(gen)不(bu)膨大(da)，纖維狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)膨大(da)成(cheng)紡錘形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)圓柱(zhu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的肉(rou)質根(gen)(gen)(gen)。地上莖(jing)單生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，直立(li)，基部有(you)(you)鱗片。葉(xie)(xie)為(wei)掌狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)復葉(xie)(xie)，輪生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)于莖(jing)頂，有(you)(you)葉(xie)(xie)柄，無(wu)托葉(xie)(xie)，稀(xi)有(you)(you)托葉(xie)(xie)。花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)兩性或(huo)(huo)(huo)雜性，聚生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)傘(san)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)序；傘(san)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)序單個(ge)頂生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，稀(xi)有(you)(you)一至數個(ge)側生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)小(xiao)傘(san)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)序；兩性花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)和雌(ci)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)梗間(jian)有(you)(you)關節(jie)；萼筒邊緣有(you)(you)5個(ge)小(xiao)齒；花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)瓣(ban)5，離生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，稀(xi)合生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，在花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)芽中覆瓦(wa)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)排列；雄(xiong)蕊5，花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)絲(si)短(duan)，花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)藥卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)長圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)；子(zi)房2室(shi)，有(you)(you)時3-4室(shi)，稀(xi)5室(shi)；花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)柱(zhu)2，有(you)(you)時3-4，稀(xi)5，或(huo)(huo)(huo)在雄(xiong)花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)中的不(bu)育雌(ci)蕊上退(tui)化為(wei)1條，離生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)或(huo)(huo)(huo)基部合生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；花(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)盤肉(rou)質，環形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。果實(shi)扁球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，有(you)(you)時三(san)角狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)或(huo)(huo)(huo)近球形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。種子(zi)2或(huo)(huo)(huo)3粒，稀(xi)4粒，側扁或(huo)(huo)(huo)三(san)角狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)卵形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。

人(ren)(ren)參(can)為(wei)五加科，人(ren)(ren)參(can)屬植(zhi)物，通(tong)常所(suo)說(shuo)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)參(can)是指其(qi)干(gan)燥(zao)根。吉林(lin)(lin)長白(bai)山(shan)人(ren)(ren)參(can)分類頗(po)為(wei)詳細，一般來(lai)說(shuo)，有(you)按栽培方(fang)式(shi)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)的(de)(de)，如(ru)野山(shan)參(can)、移山(shan)參(can)、栽培人(ren)(ren)參(can)等；有(you)按產地不同而(er)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)的(de)(de)，如(ru)吉林(lin)(lin)人(ren)(ren)參(can)、石柱(zhu)人(ren)(ren)參(can)；有(you)按炮制方(fang)法(fa)命(ming)(ming)名(ming)的(de)(de)，如(ru)紅參(can)、白(bai)糖參(can)、生(sheng)曬參(can)等；也有(you)兩種(zhong)情(qing)況兼顧的(de)(de)，如(ru)高麗紅參(can)、吉林(lin)(lin)野山(shan)參(can)、集(ji)安新開河人(ren)(ren)參(can)等。吉林(lin)(lin)長白(bai)山(shan)野山(shan)參(can)以(yi)其(qi)形美(mei)、質(zhi)堅硬(ying)，斷面皮部(bu)顯裂隙，形成層明顯，氣微(wei)香，味(wei)微(wei)苦(ku)且甘(gan)被譽為(wei)人(ren)(ren)參(can)中珍品。吉林(lin)(lin)長白(bai)山(shan)紅參(can)以(yi)其(qi)質(zhi)硬(ying)而(er)脆，斷面平坦(tan)，氣微(wei)香，味(wei)微(wei)苦(ku)且甘(gan)及有(you)效成份含量較高聞名(ming)遐爾。