一、機油泵常用的形式有哪兩種
汽(qi)車機油泵按照結構形式(shi)不同,分為兩大(da)類型,分別是(shi):
1、嚙合齒輪式機油泵
齒輪(lun)式(shi)機油泵(beng)由(you)主動(dong)軸、主動(dong)齒輪(lun)、從(cong)動(dong)軸、從(cong)動(dong)齒輪(lun)、殼體(ti)等組成(cheng)。兩(liang)個齒數相同的(de)齒輪(lun)相互嚙合(he),裝在(zai)殼體(ti)內,齒輪(lun)與(yu)殼體(ti)的(de)徑向和端(duan)面(mian)間隙很小。主動(dong)軸與(yu)主動(dong)齒輪(lun)鍵連(lian)接(jie),從(cong)動(dong)齒輪(lun)空套在(zai)從(cong)動(dong)軸上(shang)。
工作時,主動(dong)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)帶(dai)(dai)動(dong)從動(dong)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)反向旋轉。兩齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)旋轉時,充滿在(zai)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)齒(chi)槽間的(de)機(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)沿油(you)(you)泵(beng)殼(ke)壁(bi)由進(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)腔(qiang)帶(dai)(dai)到出(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)腔(qiang),在(zai)進(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)腔(qiang)一(yi)(yi)側由于齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)脫開嚙合以及機(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)被(bei)不斷帶(dai)(dai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)而產(chan)生(sheng)真空,使油(you)(you)底殼(ke)內的(de)機(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)在(zai)大氣壓(ya)力作用下經集濾(lv)器進(jin)(jin)入(ru)進(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)腔(qiang),而在(zai)出(chu)(chu)(chu)油(you)(you)腔(qiang)一(yi)(yi)側由于齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)進(jin)(jin)入(ru)嚙合和機(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)被(bei)不斷帶(dai)(dai)入(ru)而產(chan)生(sheng)擠壓(ya)作用,機(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)以一(yi)(yi)定壓(ya)力被(bei)泵(beng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)。
一般嚙合齒(chi)輪(lun)式(shi)機(ji)油泵又分為內嚙合齒(chi)輪(lun)式(shi)機(ji)油泵與(yu)外(wai)嚙合齒(chi)輪(lun)式(shi)機(ji)油泵兩種類(lei)型(xing)。
2、轉子式機油泵
轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)式機(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)泵是(shi)利(li)用內(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)壓送潤滑油(you),又叫次擺線齒輪泵。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)式機(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)泵主(zhu)要(yao)由內(nei)、外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi),機(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)泵體(ti)及機(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)泵蓋等零件組成(cheng)。主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)的內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)和從動(dong)(dong)的外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)都裝在(zai)機(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)泵殼體(ti)內(nei)。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)有(you)四(si)個凸齒,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)有(you)五個凹齒。內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)固定在(zai)主(zhu)動(dong)(dong)軸上,外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)在(zai)油(you)泵殼體(ti)內(nei)可以自由轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)(dong),兩者之(zhi)間有(you)一定的偏心距(ju)。
當(dang)油(you)(you)(you)泵工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)(shi),內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)帶動(dong)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)向同一(yi)個方向轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。由(you)于兩個轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的偏心距和齒形(xing)輪(lun)廓確保了內(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)無論(lun)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)到(dao)任何角度,各齒面之間(jian)總(zong)是線接觸,這樣內(nei)外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)輪(lun)齒間(jian)便形(xing)成(cheng)了四個工(gong)作(zuo)腔。由(you)于內(nei)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速大(da)于外(wai)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速(傳動(dong)比5:4),當(dang)某一(yi)工(gong)作(zuo)腔從進油(you)(you)(you)道(dao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)過時(shi)(shi),轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)脫開嚙合(he),容積逐漸(jian)增(zeng)大(da),產生真空度,潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)便從進油(you)(you)(you)道(dao)被吸入。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)繼續(xu)旋轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),潤(run)滑(hua)油(you)(you)(you)被帶到(dao)出(chu)油(you)(you)(you)道(dao)另一(yi)側,這時(shi)(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)進入嚙合(he),油(you)(you)(you)腔容積逐漸(jian)減小,油(you)(you)(you)壓升高,使油(you)(you)(you)從齒間(jian)擠出(chu),經出(chu)油(you)(you)(you)道(dao)送出(chu)。
二、齒輪式機油泵和轉子式機油泵哪個好
齒輪式機油泵(beng)和轉子式機油泵(beng)對比起來,各有各的特點:
齒輪式機(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)由(you)于(yu)結構簡單,制造較(jiao)容(rong)易,并(bing)且工作(zuo)可(ke)靠,是應用最為(wei)廣泛的一種機(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)。轉(zhuan)子式機(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)結構緊湊(cou),吸(xi)油(you)真空度(du)較(jiao)高,泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)油(you)量較(jiao)大,且供油(you)均勻,當機(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)安裝在曲軸箱外且位置較(jiao)高時,用此(ci)種機(ji)油(you)泵(beng)(beng)(beng)(beng)較(jiao)為(wei)合適。