【交流繼電(dian)(dian)器】交流繼電(dian)(dian)器原理 交流繼電(dian)(dian)器能(neng)在直流下(xia)用嗎(ma) 交流繼電(dian)(dian)器特點(dian)

交流電磁繼電器的工作原理(li)和直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)基本相同，交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)工作在(zai)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)，當交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通(tong)過線圈(quan)時(shi)，在(zai)鐵(tie)芯中(zhong)產(chan)生交(jiao)(jiao)變磁(ci)通(tong)，由(you)于(yu)牽引力(li)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)吸力(li)）是和磁(ci)通(tong)φ的平(ping)方(fang)成(cheng)正(zheng)比，所以當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)改(gai)變方(fang)向(xiang)時(shi)，牽引力(li)并不改(gai)變方(fang)向(xiang)，永遠朝一個方(fang)向(xiang)將銜鐵(tie)吸向(xiang)鐵(tie)芯。

但是由于(yu)交(jiao)變的電流(liu)在(zai)(zai)鐵芯中產生交(jiao)變的磁(ci)通，所以(yi)交(jiao)流(liu)電磁(ci)繼電器(qi)在(zai)(zai)特(te)性和(he)結構上有它特(te)殊的地方。

一、交流繼電器的原理是什么？

它(ta)由磁(ci)路(lu)部分(fen)、接觸部分(fen)組成(cheng)，其(qi)中磁(ci)路(lu)部分(fen)由鐵(tie)芯、銜(xian)鐵(tie)、軛(e)鐵(tie)、短路(lu)環、線(xian)圈和(he)拉簧等組成(cheng)，特征(zheng)是線(xian)圈與軛(e)鐵(tie)之間安裝有套(tao)在鐵(tie)芯上的(de)(de)側(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)，且側(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)與鐵(tie)芯、軛(e)鐵(tie)接觸良好(hao)。本實用新型由于(yu)在原有繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)基礎上增(zeng)加一只純銅制成(cheng)的(de)(de)側(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)，側(ce)(ce)(ce)板(ban)就可(ke)以對電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)系統中的(de)(de)漏磁(ci)進(jin)行短路(lu)，減少了渦流損耗，大幅降低了繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)線(xian)圈過負(fu)載時的(de)(de)交流尾聲，減少了繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)對其(qi)它(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子設(she)備的(de)(de)干擾，提高了觸點的(de)(de)接觸可(ke)靠性。

該圖片由注冊用戶"橘子de殿堂"提供，版權聲明反饋

二、交流繼電器的結構

交流繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的線圈較(jiao)(jiao)短(duan)(duan)，而(er)且(qie)線徑較(jiao)(jiao)粗，主要是因(yin)為線圈通以(yi)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)后，電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)較(jiao)(jiao)大，線徑粗可以(yi)減小內阻，減少發熱量(liang)，另外由于交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)過零時(shi)會(hui)造成(cheng)線圈電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)力減少，吸(xi)合(he)(he)不(bu)牢，產生振動現(xian)象，所以(yi)在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵吸(xi)合(he)(he)面的部分(fen)加短(duan)(duan)路環，在(zai)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場發生變(bian)(bian)化(hua)時(shi)，在(zai)短(duan)(duan)路環時(shi)形(xing)成(cheng)渦流，進而(er)形(xing)成(cheng)與磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場變(bian)(bian)化(hua)方(fang)向相反的電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)力，滯后磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場變(bian)(bian)化(hua)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)鐵可以(yi)較(jiao)(jiao)好吸(xi)合(he)(he)。

三、交流繼電器的特點

1、由(you)于(yu)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)磁繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)通入的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流是(shi)變(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)，使其磁路中的(de)(de)(de)磁通也隨著交(jiao)替變(bian)化(hua)（正弦(xian)規(gui)律(lv)而不(bu)是(shi)直線規(gui)律(lv)）。銜(xian)鐵所受的(de)(de)(de)吸力是(shi)在0與(yu)最大值之間變(bian)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)，因此交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)磁繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)吸力是(shi)脈動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)，變(bian)化(hua)頻率(lv)是(shi)交(jiao)流頻率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)兩倍，這種脈動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)吸力將(jiang)使銜(xian)鐵發生顫動(dong)，因此在結(jie)構(gou)上(shang)要采(cai)取措施來消除顫動(dong)，影響繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)壽命。

2、由于(yu)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)源通過鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)時，產(chan)生交(jiao)(jiao)變(bian)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通，使鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)中(zhong)產(chan)生渦(wo)流(liu)，而(er)渦(wo)流(liu)產(chan)生的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)與原(yuan)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通方(fang)向相反，使一(yi)部分磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通變(bian)成(cheng)漏磁(ci)(ci)(ci)通而(er)損(sun)失掉(diao)，造成(cheng)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)損(sun)失，為(wei)了減(jian)小這些損(sun)失，交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)器的(de)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)一(yi)般采用(yong)硅鋼片疊(die)成(cheng)為(wei)減(jian)少磁(ci)(ci)(ci)損(sun)和渦(wo)流(liu)損(sun)失，交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)電(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)器的(de)鐵(tie)(tie)芯(xin)采用(yong)硅鋼片疊(die)成(cheng)。

3、另外，直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器只有在(zai)接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源或切(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源瞬間有反(fan)(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢存在(zai)，穩(wen)定(ding)狀態下(xia)，通(tong)過線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)只由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)決(jue)定(ding)，而交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，即使是在(zai)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)情況下(xia)，也存在(zai)著反(fan)(fan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)勢，因此交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)主要不是由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)決(jue)定(ding)，而是由線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)感(gan)抗來決(jue)定(ding)，這就說明在(zai)計算交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)時，必須考慮(lv)線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)交(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)由線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗（感(gan)抗）決(jue)定(ding)。

四、交流繼電器能在直流下用嗎？

交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)固態繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)在直流(liu)電(dian)上(shang)是(shi)不能(neng)應用的(de)。真是(shi)沒必(bi)要去(qu)嘗試，因(yin)為交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)參數(shu)(shu)均比直流(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)參數(shu)(shu)大，不是(shi)一個領域(yu)上(shang)的(de)應運，直流(liu)電(dian)無法引起交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)流(liu)繼(ji)(ji)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)各操作性能(neng)。

五、直流繼電器和交流繼電器的區別是什么？

直(zhi)流繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)和交(jiao)流繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)的工(gong)作原理(li)一(yi)樣都是(shi)根據電磁(ci)原理(li)沒有區別(bie)，但直(zhi)流繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)的電源必須(xu)是(shi)直(zhi)流電，交(jiao)流繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)的電源必須(xu)是(shi)交(jiao)流電源。直(zhi)流繼(ji)(ji)(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的直(zhi)流電阻(zu)很大，線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)電流大小等(deng)于電壓除以(yi)線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)的直(zhi)流電阻(zu)，所以(yi)線圈(quan)(quan)(quan)導線細而(er)且匝數(shu)很多。

交流繼電器線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)匝數相應較少，因為交流電路里(li)限(xian)制電流除了線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)電阻(zu)以(yi)外限(xian)制電流大(da)小主(zhu)要(yao)是線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)感(gan)抗，感(gan)抗xl的(de)大(da)小與交流電的(de)頻(pin)率成正比，如(ru)果將交流繼電器接(jie)(jie)在直流電路里(li)由于(yu)直流電的(de)頻(pin)率等(deng)于(yu)零(ling)所以(yi)感(gan)抗XL=0，而線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)內阻(zu)又很(hen)小所以(yi)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)會(hui)發熱而燒毀。相反(fan)直流繼電器接(jie)(jie)到交流電源時會(hui)因線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)的(de)內阻(zu)很(hen)大(da)和(he)出現(xian)很(hen)大(da)感(gan)抗會(hui)造成線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)吸合(he)不(bu)上(shang)，所以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)互換(huan)。