增程式電動車是什么意思
增程式(shi)電動(dong)車(che)(che)整(zheng)車(che)(che)運(yun)行(xing)模式(shi)可根據需要工作(zuo)于(yu)純電動(dong)模式(shi)、增程模式(shi)或混合動(dong)力(li)模式(shi)(HEV)。當工作(zuo)于(yu)增程模式(shi)時,節油(you)率隨電池組(zu)容量(liang)增大(da)(da)無限(xian)接近(jin)純電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che),是純電動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)(che)的平穩過(guo)渡車(che)(che)型。由于(yu)低速扭矩大(da)(da),高速運(yun)行(xing)平穩,剎車(che)(che)能量(liang)回收效率高,結構簡單易(yi)維修,是一種(zhong)特別適用于(yu)城市公交的純電動(dong)客車(che)(che)和騎行(xing)路途較(jiao)遠的電動(dong)自行(xing)車(che)(che)用戶。實用性強。
增程式電動車的特點
在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)充足時,動(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji),提(ti)供整車驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)功率需(xu)求,此時發動(dong)(dong)機(ji)不參與工作。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)消耗到一定(ding)程度時,發動(dong)(dong)機(ji)啟動(dong)(dong),發動(dong)(dong)機(ji)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)提(ti)供能量(liang)對動(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)充足時,發動(dong)(dong)機(ji)又停止(zhi)工作,由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji),提(ti)供整車驅(qu)(qu)動(dong)(dong)。
增程式混動和插電式混動的區別
1、增程式和插電式最直接的區別就是增程式只用電機驅動車輛,發動機不參與驅動,只負責默默發電,所以增程式電動車沒(mei)有(you)離合(he)器(qi)和變速箱(xiang)等機械裝置,也可(ke)以(yi)把(ba)它看作是一(yi)輛小電池的(de)純電動車外加一(yi)臺給(gei)電池充電的(de)發電機,只不過大家(jia)給(gei)他(ta)起了一(yi)個很好聽的(de)名(ming)字。
2、因為增程式車型一(yi)直(zhi)都是(shi)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong),所以駕駛(shi)體驗上更偏(pian)向于是(shi)一(yi)輛電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)車,加速感(gan)受(shou)更加線性。而插電(dian)(dian)車在混動(dong)(dong)(dong)模式下存在動(dong)(dong)(dong)力由(you)純電(dian)(dian)切換到燃油發動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)的過程,如果銜接做的不(bu)好就會有“闖動(dong)(dong)(dong)感(gan)”。
增程式混動汽車優缺點
一、優點
1、可純電(dian)動模式運行,所(suo)需電(dian)池容(rong)量小,造價低且不會發生缺電(dian)拋錨現象(xiang)。
2、可插電式方模運行,在混合動力基礎上進(jin)一步提高節(jie)油率。
3、電池充電功率小,不必建設大型充電設施。
4、電池(chi)充放電可以淺(qian)充淺(qian)放,有利于電池(chi)壽命。
5、具有外接充(chong)(chong)電方式,能利用夜間的低(di)(di)價低(di)(di)谷(gu)電充(chong)(chong)電。
6、結構簡單(dan),電機(ji)直驅,易(yi)于維修保養,易(yi)于實現產業(ye)化。
7、節能(neng):發(fa)動機一直處于最佳工作狀態,效率高,排放小。
8、 減排(pai):綜合節(jie)油率高(gao),現(xian)有(you)技術就可節(jie)油50%以(yi)上。
二、缺點
由于(yu)(yu)發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)和發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)并不直接驅(qu)動車輪,造成了(le)這部分功(gong)率(lv)的(de)浪費,并且發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)和發(fa)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)帶來(lai)的(de)重(zhong)量并不減輕,由于(yu)(yu)只(zhi)有一(yi)個(ge)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅(qu)動,所以(yi)只(zhi)能發(fa)揮出1+1=1的(de)效果。例如一(yi)輛增程式純(chun)電(dian)動車攜帶了(le)總功(gong)率(lv)200kW發(fa)動機(ji)(ji)(ji)和電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji),但是能驅(qu)動車輪的(de)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)功(gong)率(lv)只(zhi)有100kW。
增程式(shi)電動(dong)汽(qi)車在(zai)高速路(lu)況下,油耗(hao)偏高。因為(wei)高速路(lu)況下,如果發(fa)動(dong)機直接驅動(dong)車輪,可(ke)以一(yi)直工作(zuo)在(zai)最(zui)佳工作(zuo)模(mo)式(shi),而增程式(shi)插電混合動(dong)力(li)多了一(yi)個(ge)轉(zhuan)換過程,轉(zhuan)換本身要(yao)消耗(hao)能量,造成(cheng)油耗(hao)反而偏高。