增(zeng)程式(shi)汽(qi)(qi)車(Range-Extended Electric Vehicle,REEV)結合了純電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車和傳統(tong)內燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)汽(qi)(qi)車的(de)特(te)點(dian),它(ta)主要依靠電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),同時(shi)配備了一(yi)個小型的(de)內燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)作為發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji),用于在電(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)量耗盡時(shi)為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充電(dian)(dian),從而延長行(xing)駛里程。這一(yi)點(dian)似乎與插電(dian)(dian)式(shi)混(hun)合動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力汽(qi)(qi)車有些相(xiang)似,那么增(zeng)程式(shi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)車與插電(dian)(dian)混(hun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)區(qu)別是什(shen)么?增(zeng)程式(shi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)車優缺點(dian)又有哪些呢?下面這篇(pian)文章就會帶大家詳細了解增(zeng)程式(shi)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)車的(de)相(xiang)關知識。
1、根據《關于延續和優化新(xin)能(neng)源汽車(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)購(gou)置(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui)減(jian)免政策的公(gong)(gong)告(gao)》(財政部(bu)稅(shui)(shui)務總局(ju)工業(ye)和信息化部(bu)公(gong)(gong)告(gao)2023年(nian)第10號)文件規定(ding)。對購(gou)置(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)在(zai)2024年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)至2025年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)31日(ri)(ri)期(qi)間的新(xin)能(neng)源汽車(che)(che)(che)免征車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)購(gou)置(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui),其中(zhong),每(mei)輛(liang)新(xin)能(neng)源乘(cheng)用(yong)車(che)(che)(che)免稅(shui)(shui)額(e)不(bu)超過(guo)3萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan);對購(gou)置(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)(ri)期(qi)在(zai)2026年(nian)1月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri)至2027年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)31日(ri)(ri)期(qi)間的新(xin)能(neng)源汽車(che)(che)(che)減(jian)半(ban)征收車(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)購(gou)置(zhi)(zhi)稅(shui)(shui),其中(zhong),每(mei)輛(liang)新(xin)能(neng)源乘(cheng)用(yong)車(che)(che)(che)減(jian)稅(shui)(shui)額(e)不(bu)超過(guo)1.5萬(wan)元(yuan)(yuan)。
2、享受車輛購置稅減免政策的新能源汽車是指符合新能源汽車產品技術要求的純電動汽車、插電式混合動力(含增程式)汽車、燃料電池汽車。新能源汽車產品技術要求由工業和信息化部會同財政部、稅務總局根據新能源汽車技術進步、標準體系發展和車型變化情況制定。因此,在2024年1月1日至2025年12月31日期間購置增程式電動車沒有購置稅(shui)。
1、增程式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車(che)通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che),內燃發(fa)(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的作(zuo)用是驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和汽(qi)車(che)上的其他設備供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。增程式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)是在純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)的基礎上開發(fa)(fa)的,通過增加增程器(qi)來提升(sheng)純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)汽(qi)車(che)的續航里(li)程,避免頻繁充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
2、在(zai)行駛過程(cheng)中,汽(qi)車(che)完全由純(chun)電(dian)(dian)驅動(dong),當電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)量不足時(shi),內(nei)燃發動(dong)機(ji)會(hui)啟動(dong),為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)提供電(dian)(dian)力,從而延長汽(qi)車(che)的(de)(de)行駛里程(cheng)。這種工作原理可以(yi)充(chong)分利(li)(li)用電(dian)(dian)池和內(nei)燃機(ji)的(de)(de)優(you)勢,提高電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽(qi)車(che)的(de)(de)利(li)(li)用率。
增程式電動車的電池壽命因車輛使用情況和維護情況而異。一般來說,大多數制造商的保修期內電池的性能和容量應該能保持90%以上。過了保修期后,電池的壽命取決于許多因素,如充電頻率、駕駛習慣、駕駛溫度等。一般來說,在良好的維護和使用情況下,增程式電動車的電池能維持3—8年左右的良好性能。然(ran)而(er),這些數字并不是絕對(dui)的,因為(wei)電池的壽命還受到很多其他因素的影響。
增程式電動車電池的容量一般比較大,這樣在純電狀態下,也就是增程器不運作的前提下,增程式電動車可以行駛更長的距離。一般來說,增程式汽車電池容量在40kWh左右。以理想ONE為例,理想ONE的電池容量有40.5kWh,它的純電續航里程可以跑180公里。這種電池容量可以很好地平衡續航里程和成本,使得增程式電動車在提供較長純電續航里程的同時,也能保持較合理的生產成本和售價。
新能源汽車在長時間使用后,有時需要更換整個電池組。新能源汽車更換電池的費用包括電池本身成本,更換電池所需其他耗材成本、人工安裝成本等方面。新能源汽車電池的容量密度越大,更換的成本和費用也會增加。以一輛電池容量為44.5kWh的增程式電動車為例,更換電池費用約為6—9萬左右。