一、儲能企業有哪些類型
近年來(lai),我國(guo)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)技術(shu)發展(zhan)迅速,種類逐漸增多,儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)大(da)致可以(yi)分為三種,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng),氫氣以(yi)及熱儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng),其(qi)中,使用的(de)最(zui)為廣泛的(de)就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)是指將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)從一個時(shi)間(jian)(jian)段儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存到另一個時(shi)間(jian)(jian)段的(de)技術(shu)和過程。通過在(zai)(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)儲(chu)(chu)(chu)存電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng),儲(chu)(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)系統可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)需要時(shi)釋放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng),以(yi)滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)需求。
因此,儲能企業也大致(zhi)上可(ke)以(yi)(yi)分為電儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)企業、氫氣儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)企業以(yi)(yi)及(ji)熱儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)企業。
二、儲能企業的特點有哪些
1、科技屬性高并多依托科研機構
儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)是(shi)一(yi)個新的(de)(de)行業(ye),需(xu)求場景的(de)(de)多元化導致技(ji)(ji)術(shu)路線的(de)(de)多元化。在實現(xian)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)到產品的(de)(de)突(tu)破(po)過程中,需(xu)要具備研(yan)發(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力,且研(yan)發(fa)周期長、投(tou)入大。所(suo)以,多數(shu)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)企業(ye)的(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)源自或依托知名科(ke)(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)所(suo),且科(ke)(ke)研(yan)院(yuan)(yuan)所(suo)往(wang)往(wang)通(tong)過知識(shi)產權(quan)作價入股的(de)(de)形式參與(yu)到產業(ye)化中來。此(ci)外(wai),能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠走向應用的(de)(de)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu),其(qi)研(yan)究團隊(dui)也往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)該(gai)方向頂(ding)尖團隊(dui),并(bing)經(jing)歷(li)十年(nian)以上的(de)(de)持續研(yan)發(fa)歷(li)程。
2、處在發展早期,企業發展存在不確定性
儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術大規模運用的(de)必(bi)然性與儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)企業發展的(de)不(bu)確定(ding)(ding)性同(tong)時存在。從(cong)行業角度來(lai)看,儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)具備廣闊的(de)發展空(kong)間(jian),電(dian)化學儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)、壓縮空(kong)氣儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)和飛(fei)輪(lun)(lun)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)等多種技(ji)術路線明確寫入國(guo)(guo)家規劃,在國(guo)(guo)家電(dian)網公司的(de)主導(dao)下,抽水蓄能(neng)(neng)已經大范(fan)圍加緊開工建設,但(dan)是對于新型儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)技(ji)術企業而言,不(bu)確定(ding)(ding)性卻(que)十(shi)分明顯。一(yi)是表現在技(ji)術研發的(de)不(bu)確定(ding)(ding)性上,比如新型電(dian)池(chi)儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)的(de)研發,其材料體系(xi)的(de)設計(ji)到工程(cheng)化、產品(pin)化需要較長周期(qi),目前(qian)已經相對成熟的(de)鋰電(dian)池(chi)技(ji)術產業化歷程(cheng)走過了長達30年儲(chu)能(neng)(neng)的(de)新材料為核(he)心的(de)轉動(dong)系(xi)統(tong),國(guo)(guo)產化還(huan)存在一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的(de)障礙(ai),飛(fei)輪(lun)(lun)的(de)功率規模和穩定(ding)(ding)性仍未(wei)能(neng)(neng)實現電(dian)網級(ji)應用。