一、原電池是什么電池
原電池(chi)是指通(tong)(tong)過(guo)氧化還原反應而產生電流的裝(zhuang)置,又(you)稱化學(xue)電池(chi),它通(tong)(tong)常(chang)由正電極、負電極、電解質(zhi)、隔離物(wu)和殼體構成,可制成各(ge)種(zhong)形(xing)狀和不同尺寸,使用方便,廣泛用于(yu)工農業、國防(fang)工業和通(tong)(tong)信、照明、醫療(liao)等部門。
原電池一般按負極活性物質(如鋅、鎘、鎂、鋰等)和正極活性物質(如錳、汞、二氧化硫等)分為鋅錳電池、鋅空氣電池、鋅銀電池、鋅汞電池、鎂錳電池、鋰氟化碳電池、鋰二氧化硫電池等,常用的干電池就是原電池的一種。
二、原電池原理是什么
原(yuan)電(dian)池是(shi)以發生在電(dian)子導(dao)體(ti)(如金屬)與離子導(dao)體(ti)(如電(dian)解質溶液)接觸界面上的氧化還原(yuan)反(fan)應(ying)為基(ji)礎(chu)制(zhi)成(cheng)的,其(qi)工作原(yuan)理是(shi):
原(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)是氧化還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying),氧化還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)中(zhong)的(de)還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)劑失(shi)去的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)經外(wai)接導線(xian)傳(chuan)遞(di)給氧化劑,使氧化還(huan)原(yuan)(yuan)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)分別在兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)上進(jin)行,兩極(ji)之間溶液中(zhong)離(li)子(zi)的(de)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)和外(wai)部(bu)導線(xian)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)的(de)定(ding)(ding)向(xiang)(xiang)移(yi)動(dong)構成了閉合(he)回路,使兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)不斷進(jin)行,發生有序的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)轉移(yi)過程,產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,實(shi)現(xian)化學能向(xiang)(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)轉化。
三、干電池屬于原電池嗎
屬于。
干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)一(yi)種一(yi)次性電(dian)(dian)池(chi),因為(wei)這種化學電(dian)(dian)源裝置其(qi)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)是(shi)一(yi)種不能(neng)(neng)流(liu)動的糊狀物,所以叫做干電(dian)(dian)池(chi),它就是(shi)根(gen)據原電(dian)(dian)池(chi)原理制(zhi)成的,以碳棒為(wei)正(zheng)極,以鋅筒(tong)為(wei)負極,把化學能(neng)(neng)轉變為(wei)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)供給外電(dian)(dian)路。