一、一次電池是什么意思
一次電池,也叫一次性電池,是指放電(dian)結束(shu)后不能再通(tong)過充(chong)電(dian)使(shi)其復原(yuan),再度使(shi)用(yong)的電(dian)池,這種電(dian)池通(tong)常(chang)只能一次性使(shi)用(yong),無法通(tong)過充(chong)電(dian)或其它方式將原(yuan)有(you)電(dian)能補充(chong)回來(lai)。
一(yi)(yi)次電(dian)(dian)池一(yi)(yi)般用完即廢,這一(yi)(yi)特性是它的電(dian)(dian)池反應(ying)(ying)或電(dian)(dian)極反應(ying)(ying)的不(bu)可逆(ni)(ni)性或條件,限制使(shi)電(dian)(dian)池反應(ying)(ying)很難可逆(ni)(ni)地進行所決(jue)定的。
二、干電池是一次性電池嗎
是的。
干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的原理是利用氧化(hua)還原反應將化(hua)學能轉化(hua)為電(dian)(dian)能,這一(yi)化(hua)學反應是不可逆的,不能進行充電(dian)(dian)和放電(dian)(dian)循(xun)環使用,因此屬于一(yi)次(ci)性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。除了(le)干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)外,常(chang)見的碳鋅(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、堿性電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、水銀(yin)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)、鋅(xin)(xin)空氣電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)等都(dou)屬于一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。
三、一次電池和二次電池的區別
和一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)池相對的,二次(ci)電(dian)池就是指(zhi)可以通過充電(dian)或其他方式補充電(dian)能的電(dian)池,這兩(liang)種電(dian)池的區(qu)別(bie)主要有:
1、二次電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)放電(dian)時電(dian)極體積(ji)和結(jie)構(gou)之間發生(sheng)可逆變化,而一次電(dian)池(chi)內部則簡單得多(duo),因為(wei)它不需要調節這(zhe)些(xie)可逆性(xing)變化。
2、一次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池的質量(liang)比(bi)容量(liang)和體積比(bi)容量(liang)均大(da)于(yu)普通充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)池,但(dan)內阻遠比(bi)二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池大(da),因此負載能力較(jiao)低。
3、一次電池的自放電(dian)遠小于二次電(dian)池(chi)。一次電(dian)池(chi)只能放電(dian)一次,如,堿性電(dian)池(chi)和碳性電(dian)池(chi)就屬(shu)于此類,二次電(dian)池(chi)可反復循環使用。
4、一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)內阻遠大(da)二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),其(qi)大(da)電(dian)(dian)流放(fang)電(dian)(dian)性能亦不及二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),在小電(dian)(dian)流、間歇性放(fang)電(dian)(dian)的條件下,一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的質量(liang)比容量(liang)大(da)于(yu)普(pu)通二次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi),但當放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流大(da)于(yu)800mAh,則一(yi)次(ci)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的容量(liang)優勢(shi)就會明(ming)顯減小。
5、二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)相對一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)更環(huan)保。一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用后就必須廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi),而(er)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可(ke)反復(fu)使用,符合(he)國家標準的(de)次世代充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)通常可(ke)反復(fu)使用1000次以上,也就是說充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)產(chan)生的(de)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物不到(dao)一(yi)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)1000分(fen)之1,不論從減少(shao)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物還是從資(zi)源利用及經(jing)濟的(de)角度來考慮,二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)優越性都是十分(fen)明顯(xian)的(de)。