一、直線電機和旋轉電機的區別
旋轉電(dian)(dian)機(ji)是指(zhi)能(neng)(neng)夠將電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉化為(wei)機(ji)械能(neng)(neng),實現旋轉運(yun)動的電(dian)(dian)動機(ji),包括直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、步進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)等。直(zhi)(zhi)線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)則是指(zhi)能(neng)(neng)夠將電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)轉化為(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)線運(yun)動的電(dian)(dian)動機(ji),其工作(zuo)原(yuan)理(li)是利用電(dian)(dian)磁力將線圈推(tui)動沿(yan)直(zhi)(zhi)線運(yun)動,包括直(zhi)(zhi)線同步電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、線性(xing)感應(ying)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)等。
旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與直線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的區(qu)別在(zai)于(yu)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)方(fang)式不同。旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通過(guo)旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)工作(zuo),而(er)直線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則是通過(guo)直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)工作(zuo)。此外,旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通常(chang)需(xu)要通過(guo)傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置(zhi)將(jiang)(jiang)旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為機(ji)(ji)(ji)械工作(zuo),而(er)直線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則不需(xu)要傳(chuan)動(dong)裝置(zhi),直接將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能轉(zhuan)化(hua)為直線(xian)(xian)運(yun)(yun)(yun)動(dong)。
旋轉電機(ji)的應用(yong)(yong)非常廣(guang)泛,包括電動汽車、機(ji)器人、家電、工業自動化等領域(yu)。而直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電機(ji)則主要應用(yong)(yong)于高速列車、電梯、醫療(liao)器械、印刷機(ji)等需要直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)運動的場合(he)。此外,直(zhi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電機(ji)還(huan)可以用(yong)(yong)于制(zhi)造機(ji)器人、機(ji)床等高精度設備。
二、直線電機與旋轉電機性能比較
直(zhi)線電(dian)機與旋(xuan)轉電(dian)機相比(bi),主(zhu)要有如(ru)下(xia)幾個特點:
1、結構簡單
由于(yu)直(zhi)線電機不需要把旋轉運動(dong)變(bian)成直(zhi)線運動(dong)的附加(jia)裝置,因而(er)使(shi)得系統本身的結構大(da)為簡(jian)化(hua),重量(liang)和體積大(da)大(da)下降。
2、定位精度高
在需要直線(xian)(xian)運動(dong)的地方(fang),直線(xian)(xian)電機可以實現直接(jie)傳(chuan)動(dong),因而可以消(xiao)除中間環節所(suo)帶(dai)來的各(ge)種定位(wei)誤差,故定位(wei)精(jing)度(du)高,如采用微(wei)機控制,則(ze)還可以大(da)大(da)地提高整個系(xi)統的定位(wei)精(jing)度(du)。
3、反應速度快、靈敏度高,隨動性好
直線電(dian)機容易(yi)做到其動(dong)子用磁懸(xuan)浮支撐,因而使得動(dong)子和定子之(zhi)間(jian)始終保持(chi)一(yi)定的氣(qi)隙而不(bu)接(jie)(jie)觸,這就(jiu)消(xiao)除了(le)定、動(dong)子間(jian)的接(jie)(jie)觸摩擦阻力,因而大(da)大(da)地提高(gao)了(le)系統的靈敏(min)度、快速性和隨動(dong)性。
4、工作安全可靠、壽命長
直線電機可(ke)以實現無(wu)接觸傳(chuan)遞力,機械摩(mo)擦(ca)損耗(hao)幾乎(hu)為零(ling),所以故障(zhang)少,免維修,因而(er)工作安全可(ke)靠、壽命長。