一、過電壓保護器和避雷器的區別

過電壓保護(hu)器和(he)避雷器都是用于保護(hu)電氣設(she)備的重要裝(zhuang)置，但它們的工作原理和(he)作用有所(suo)不同。

過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)是(shi)一種(zhong)用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備(bei)保(bao)護(hu)的裝置(zhi)，主要用(yong)于(yu)限制和消除由于(yu)系(xi)統中出現過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)而對設備(bei)造(zao)成的危害。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的工作原(yuan)理是(shi)當系(xi)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)超過(guo)(guo)額定電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時，過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)能夠(gou)及(ji)時引導過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，從(cong)而將過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的能量分散或(huo)吸收，以保(bao)護(hu)設備(bei)免受損壞。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)通常安裝在設備(bei)的進(jin)線(xian)、母線(xian)和出線(xian)等位置(zhi)，常用(yong)的過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)有(you)金(jin)屬氧化物壓(ya)(ya)(ya)敏(min)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)（MO），氣(qi)體放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)管（GDT）、硅控整流二極管（SCR）等。

而避雷器則是(shi)一種(zhong)用于保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備和人員(yuan)免受雷(lei)擊危害的裝置(zhi)。它是(shi)一種(zhong)帶有阻抗特性的電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)元件，能夠在雷(lei)擊時將(jiang)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)能量引向(xiang)大地(di)。避雷(lei)器的工(gong)作原理是(shi)將(jiang)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)通過特殊的構造引向(xiang)大地(di)，防止雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)進入電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備和建筑物(wu)(wu)。常用的避雷(lei)器有針式避雷(lei)器和金屬氧化物(wu)(wu)避雷(lei)器。

因此，過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)和(he)避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)都是用(yong)于保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)氣設備的裝(zhuang)置，但(dan)過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓保(bao)(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)主要用(yong)于限制和(he)消除系統中出現過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓而對(dui)設備造成的危(wei)害，而避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)主要用(yong)于保(bao)(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)氣設備和(he)人員免受雷(lei)擊危(wei)害。

二、過電壓保護器和避雷器能相互替換么

根(gen)據二者的不同作用，可以得知過電壓保護(hu)器和避雷器并不是相(xiang)互(hu)替代的兩個產品，它們之間(jian)各司(si)其職，相(xiang)互(hu)補充(chong)。

在(zai)需(xu)要進行(xing)防雷(lei)保(bao)護的場合，二(er)者可(ke)以同(tong)時安(an)裝，達到(dao)更好的保(bao)護效果。但是需(xu)要注意，二(er)者的安(an)裝位置應該分(fen)別確定，不能(neng)安(an)裝在(zai)同(tong)一(yi)個位置。在(zai)具(ju)體操作(zuo)時，應該先安(an)裝避雷(lei)器，然后再(zai)安(an)裝過電壓(ya)保(bao)護器。