【電瓶叉車(che)蓄(xu)電池】叉車(che)蓄(xu)電池知識百(bai)科(ke) 叉車(che)蓄(xu)電池安全使用
蓄電池又稱電瓶，有牽引型和起動型兩種，內燃叉車采用起動型蓄電池，而電動叉車則采(cai)用(yong)牽(qian)引型蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有酸性和堿性之分，一般內燃(ran)車輛采(cai)用(yong)鉛酸型蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，單(dan)格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)標稱電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)2伏，串聯成12伏。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)比重在(zai)標準溫度15攝氏度時(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)1.28，當(dang)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)單(dan)格(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降到1.5伏以(yi)下，或(huo)者電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)比重降到1.17時(shi)(shi)(shi)，表明(ming)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)終(zhong)了，須及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解液(ye)液(ye)面必(bi)須高出(chu)極板10~15毫米，液(ye)面過低須及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)補充(chong)(chong)蒸(zheng)餾水，不得添加其它液(ye)體。使用(yong)中的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，一般應每季度車外充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一次，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)容量除以(yi)10，充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)約十(shi)個小時(shi)(shi)(shi)。長(chang)期不用(yong)的蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，應充(chong)(chong)足了電(dian)(dian)(dian)放置在(zai)陰涼(liang)干燥的地方，并每隔一個月(yue)左右充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一次。
蓄電池使用應注意以下事項：
1、電瓶會產(chan)生(sheng)易燃氣體，有可能(neng)引(yin)起(qi)爆炸，嚴禁在(zai)電瓶附(fu)近抽煙，嚴禁任何火(huo)(huo)焰(yan)或火(huo)(huo)花產(chan)生(sheng)。電瓶在(zai)儲存或充電時務必在(zai)通(tong)風良好處(chu)，但不(bu)要在(zai)抽風口處(chu)，避(bi)免(mian)酸(suan)霧(wu)造成腐蝕。
2、電瓶液內含(han)腐蝕性液體，有可(ke)能引起嚴重灼傷，須避免接觸皮膚、眼睛或衣服，若(ruo)不幸發生意外，請(qing)立(li)即用大量(liang)清水(shui)沖洗，并速就醫。
3、在檢查或保(bao)養電瓶時，請(qing)使用橡膠手(shou)套(tao)，避(bi)免(mian)遭受電擊。
4、電瓶表面或連接處務必保持干凈。灰塵、雜質等(deng)務必用(yong)濕布清(qing)除干凈，否則會漏(lou)電，甚(shen)至造成大火。
5、清潔電瓶時，務(wu)必用濕布，不要用干布。
6、電瓶的(de)正極與負極之間不要用工具等相連(lian)。
7、充(chong)電時(shi)電解液溫度不要(yao)超過攝氏50度，以免(mian)電解液(ye)溢出造成(cheng)傷害，夏(xia)日白(bai)天尤其(qi)要注意。
8、拔電瓶插頭(tou)前，為避免產生火花，務必(bi)先關(guan)(guan)掉叉車的(de)(de)鎖匙(chi)開關(guan)(guan)和充(chong)電器的(de)(de)開關(guan)(guan)。
9、電(dian)(dian)解液(ye)面勿低(di)于最低(di)限(xian)，否則(ze)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)易熱，容(rong)易燒掉。
10、兒(er)童(tong)勿(wu)近。
