一、聽診器的作用
聽(ting)診(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)是醫(yi)生的(de)必(bi)備工具(ju),它的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)很(hen)多。心血管方面,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用(yong)來(lai)聽(ting)心率,心音(yin),血管雜音(yin)等(deng)。量血壓(ya)也(ye)得用(yong)聽(ting)診(zhen)(zhen)器(qi);呼(hu)吸系(xi)統方面,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用(yong)來(lai)聽(ting)肺(fei)的(de)呼(hu)吸音(yin),判別(bie)肺(fei)內病變;也(ye)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)用(yong)來(lai)聽(ting)診(zhen)(zhen)胎兒的(de)心音(yin)等(deng)。由于聽(ting)診(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)是判別(bie)心跳血壓(ya)等(deng)生命(ming)體征必(bi)備的(de),所以(yi)一般醫(yi)生都隨身(shen)攜帶(dai)。
目(mu)前聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)類型目(mu)前有(you)(you)單用(yong)(yong)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)、雙用(yong)(yong)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)、三用(yong)(yong)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)、立(li)式聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)、多(duo)用(yong)(yong)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)以(yi)及最(zui)新出現的(de)(de)電子聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi),顏色也有(you)(you)多(duo)種(zhong)顏色可選。一般由聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)頭(tou)的(de)(de)不(bu)同組合分成(cheng)多(duo)種(zhong)類型。扁形聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)頭(tou)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)高音(yin)(yin)調(diao)雜音(yin)(yin);鐘形聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)頭(tou)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)低音(yin)(yin)調(diao)雜音(yin)(yin);表式聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)手腕(wan)的(de)(de)脈膊(bo)聲響;多(duo)功能聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)可根據(ju)需要有(you)(you)五種(zhong)不(bu)同方(fang)式轉換,用(yong)(yong)于(yu)探測(ce)低頻心音(yin)(yin),擴張(zhang)音(yin)(yin)和第(di)三音(yin)(yin)以(yi)及第(di)一,第(di)二心音(yin)(yin),已經(jing)能聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)到(dao)小兒的(de)(de)心音(yin)(yin),是(shi)現在主要的(de)(de)醫(yi)用(yong)(yong)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi),它超脫了普通的(de)(de)聲學(xue)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi),胎(tai)兒聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)診(zhen)器(qi)(qi)可以(yi)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)(ting)到(dao)孕婦肚子里胎(tai)兒的(de)(de)聲音(yin)(yin),對于(yu)孕期的(de)(de)護理是(shi)非常(chang)有(you)(you)好處的(de)(de)。
二、聽診器的使用方法
1、正確佩戴聽診器的方法
聽(ting)(ting)(ting)診器(qi)設計(ji)符合(he)(he)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)角度(du)之(zhi)(zhi)專利人(ren)體工學耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)與(yu)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)竇(dou)(dou)。它能與(yu)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)者(zhe)的耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)舒適地密(mi)合(he)(he),不(bu)(bu)會讓您(nin)感(gan)到疲(pi)勞(lao)及不(bu)(bu)適。在把耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)戴(dai)(dai)上之(zhi)(zhi)前,請(qing)(qing)將聽(ting)(ting)(ting)診器(qi)的耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)向(xiang)外拉(la);金屬耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)應向(xiang)前傾(qing)斜(xie),將耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)戴(dai)(dai)入您(nin)外耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao),使耳(er)(er)(er)(er)竇(dou)(dou)與(yu)您(nin)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)緊密(mi)閉合(he)(he);每個(ge)人(ren)的耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)大小都(dou)不(bu)(bu)一樣,您(nin)可選擇(ze)大小適當(dang)(dang)的耳(er)(er)(er)(er)竇(dou)(dou)。如果(guo)佩(pei)帶方法正(zheng)確(que),但(dan)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)竇(dou)(dou)和耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)密(mi)合(he)(he)度(du)不(bu)(bu)佳(jia),聽(ting)(ting)(ting)診效果(guo)也不(bu)(bu)好時(shi),請(qing)(qing)將耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)外拉(la)以調整其彈性。不(bu)(bu)當(dang)(dang)的佩(pei)戴(dai)(dai)方法,耳(er)(er)(er)(er)竇(dou)(dou)與(yu)耳(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)(dao)不(bu)(bu)密(mi)合(he)(he)時(shi)會造成聽(ting)(ting)(ting)診效果(guo)不(bu)(bu)佳(jia)。而例如耳(er)(er)(er)(er)管(guan)(guan)戴(dai)(dai)反時(shi),會完全(quan)聽(ting)(ting)(ting)不(bu)(bu)見。
2、清除雜物
如果(guo)聽診(zhen)器一直放置在口袋、或(huo)沒(mei)有(you)定期保(bao)養(yang),那衣物的棉(mian)絮、纖(xian)維(wei)或(huo)灰(hui)塵可能(neng)會阻(zu)塞聽診(zhen)器耳管。定期維(wei)修保(bao)養(yang)和(he)清潔能(neng)避免(mian)以上情況(kuang)的發生。
3、檢查密閉性
聽診器的高品質傳音效果與聽診器和病人體表,聽診器到聽者耳道間的密合度有關。聽頭零件松動、Y管松動、Y管受損都會影響密合度。密合度越好,越能準確地將患者體內的聲音傳入聽者耳中。所以要經常檢查聽診器狀態,以及購買質量好的聽診器品牌產品。
4、雙面聽診器
當(dang)使(shi)用雙聽(ting)頭的聽(ting)診器時,使(shi)用者需要(yao)轉(zhuan)換聽(ting)頭的鐘(zhong)面(mian)(mian)或膜(mo)面(mian)(mian)模(mo)式(shi)來使(shi)用。當(dang)使(shi)用膜(mo)面(mian)(mian)時,鐘(zhong)面(mian)(mian)將被關(guan)閉,以免(mian)造成干擾。反之亦然。