中國神話

盤古神話,西王母神話

神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)是(shi)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)早期歷史的(de)(de)活化石，是(shi)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)各共同體(ti)集(ji)體(ti)創造(zao)、代(dai)代(dai)相承的(de)(de)一種以超自然形象(xiang)為主人(ren)公、以特定宗教(jiao)信(xin)仰為內(nei)核(he)并(bing)為其服(fu)務的(de)(de)神(shen)(shen)(shen)圣敘事。它(ta)既是(shi)一種經典性(xing)的(de)(de)文學體(ti)裁(cai)，也是(shi)遠(yuan)古(gu)人(ren)類(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)知識體(ti)系(xi)和信(xin)仰體(ti)系(xi)。中(zhong)國神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)指古(gu)往今來生活于這片(pian)土(tu)地(di)之上(shang)的(de)(de)各個民族創造(zao)的(de)(de)全部神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)的(de)(de)集(ji)合(he)。按(an)照其表現(xian)的(de)(de)內(nei)容可分為六大(da)(da)類(lei)(lei)：宇宙起源神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)、人(ren)類(lei)(lei)起源神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)、洪水再生神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)和其他災難神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)、族群起源神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)、文化發明神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)、戰爭神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)。其中(zhong)，盤古(gu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)、邵原神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)群（盤古(gu)開天(tian)辟地(di)、女(nv)媧摶土(tu)造(zao)人(ren)、女(nv)媧煉石補天(tian)、軒轅祭天(tian)與(yu)戰神(shen)(shen)(shen)蚩尤(you)、伏(fu)羲演八卦、神(shen)(shen)(shen)農嘗百草播(bo)五(wu)谷、顓頊與(yu)共工、大(da)(da)禹治水）、西王母神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)等神(shen)(shen)(shen)話(hua)被列入中(zhong)國非物質(zhi)文化遺產名錄。

民間傳說

梁祝傳說,白蛇傳傳說,牛郎織女傳說,孟姜女傳說

民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)圍繞客觀(guan)實在物，運用文(wen)學表現手法和(he)歷(li)史(shi)表達方式構(gou)建出來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，具有(you)(you)審美(mei)意味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)散文(wen)體(ti)口頭敘事(shi)文(wen)學。傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人物往往是(shi)歷(li)史(shi)上實有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，在敘述該人物活動(dong)時，敘述者(zhe)往往用親(qin)眼所見、親(qin)耳所聞來加重(zhong)其內容(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)信性(xing)。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)分為：人物傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、史(shi)事(shi)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、地方風(feng)物傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、風(feng)俗傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、動(dong)植物傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)五大(da)類。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)對人類文(wen)化(hua)多樣(yang)性(xing)文(wen)明(ming)發(fa)展有(you)(you)巨大(da)貢(gong)獻，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華文(wen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一顆璀璨明(ming)珠(zhu)。作(zuo)為民(min)(min)(min)眾生活文(wen)化(hua)重(zhong)要組成(cheng)部分的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，不(bu)僅(jin)以它特有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式保存民(min)(min)(min)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)史(shi)，而且在大(da)力發(fa)展旅(lv)游(you)事(shi)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)今天，民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)仍(reng)然能夠發(fa)揮重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。其中(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)祝傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、白蛇傳(chuan)(chuan)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、牛郎織女(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)、孟姜女(nv)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)四(si)大(da)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)非物質(zhi)文(wen)化(hua)遺產名錄中(zhong)(zhong)具有(you)(you)代表性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)(min)(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。

民間故事

走馬鎮民間故事,伍家溝民間故事

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)是廣大(da)民(min)眾創作(zuo)并傳(chuan)承的反映人類(lei)社會生(sheng)活以及(ji)民(min)眾理想愿望的口頭文(wen)學(xue)作(zuo)品。自20世紀90年代以來，《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)集成(cheng)》各省卷開始陸續出版(ban)，至(zhi)目前已(yi)全(quan)部(bu)出齊。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)簡要分為四大(da)門(men)類(lei)：幻想故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、生(sheng)活故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)笑(xiao)話、民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)寓言。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)幻想故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)占了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的一半，如田螺姑娘、神(shen)筆、猴(hou)子(zi)撈(lao)月、稻草人等(deng)。在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)，民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)的分布范(fan)圍極廣，每個地區都有諸多著名的民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。為此在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)非物質文(wen)化遺產名錄中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也將一些極具代表性(xing)的民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)地區及(ji)著名民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)講(jiang)述家(jia)，列入了保護范(fan)圍。如走馬鎮(zhen)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(走馬鎮(zhen)工農村(cun)被列為“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)村(cun)”)、伍家(jia)溝民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、譚(tan)振山(shan)民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、滿族民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、錫伯族民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、回族民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)、鄂(e)溫克族民(min)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)等(deng)。

中國英雄史詩

格薩爾,瑪納斯,江格爾

史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)是一種古老(lao)而(er)源(yuan)遠流長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)韻體敘事文學樣式(shi)，一種專(zhuan)門描寫民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)起(qi)源(yuan)、民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)遷(qian)徙、民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)戰爭、民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)英雄(xiong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不朽(xiu)業績等傳(chuan)說(shuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)篇民(min)間敘事詩(shi)，是原(yuan)始社(she)會或奴隸(li)社(she)會民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形象化(hua)記載，是“詩(shi)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歷(li)(li)史(shi)(shi)”，可以視為某一民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)早期生活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)百科全(quan)書。中(zhong)國史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要類別有創世史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)、遷(qian)徙史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)、英雄(xiong)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)，其中(zhong)中(zhong)國少數民(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三大(da)(da)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)——藏(zang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)《格(ge)薩(sa)(sa)(sa)爾》、蒙古族(zu)(zu)(zu)《江(jiang)格(ge)爾》和(he)柯爾克(ke)孜族(zu)(zu)(zu)《瑪納斯(si)》，是公(gong)認的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)國偉大(da)(da)英雄(xiong)史(shi)(shi)詩(shi)，已(yi)經引起(qi)國內外廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關注(zhu)。《格(ge)薩(sa)(sa)(sa)（斯(si)）爾》《江(jiang)格(ge)爾》《瑪納斯(si)》均被(bei)列入第一批國家(jia)級非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產代表(biao)性項目(mu)名(ming)錄(lu)，其中(zhong)，《瑪納斯(si)》和(he)《格(ge)薩(sa)(sa)(sa)（斯(si)）爾》被(bei)列入聯合國教(jiao)科文組織《保(bao)護非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產公(gong)約(yue)》人類非(fei)物(wu)質(zhi)文化(hua)遺(yi)產代表(biao)作名(ming)錄(lu)。

童謠

北京童謠,閩南童謠,納西族童謠

童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，也被稱作兒(er)歌(ge)，指傳(chuan)唱于(yu)兒(er)童(tong)(tong)(tong)之口的(de)(de)沒有(you)(you)樂譜的(de)(de)歌(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)，是(shi)流傳(chuan)于(yu)全國(guo)(guo)各地的(de)(de)一種由特殊(shu)群體念(nian)唱、傳(chuan)播，具有(you)(you)特殊(shu)意義的(de)(de)民謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)種類。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)在我國(guo)(guo)已有(you)(you)千年的(de)(de)歷史(shi)，歷朝官修正史(shi)及雜傳(chuan)、筆記(ji)、小(xiao)說中不乏童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)主(zhu)要有(you)(you)書面(mian)、口頭兩種傳(chuan)承方式，其語言淺(qian)顯易(yi)懂，內(nei)容樸實自(zi)然，是(shi)民間文(wen)學藝(yi)術的(de)(de)優(you)秀(xiu)代表(biao)。童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)中積(ji)淀了(le)優(you)秀(xiu)的(de)(de)民族文(wen)化(hua)，蘊涵(han)著(zhu)豐富(fu)的(de)(de)教育內(nei)容。我國(guo)(guo)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)中北京(jing)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、閩南童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、紹興童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)、納西(xi)族童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)入選國(guo)(guo)家級非物質文(wen)化(hua)遺產名(ming)錄(lu)(lu)，長沙(sha)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)等被列入湖南省級非遺項目名(ming)錄(lu)(lu)。其中，北京(jing)童(tong)(tong)(tong)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)表(biao)現了(le)各時期北京(jing)的(de)(de)城市性格和北京(jing)人的(de)(de)思想感情，承載著(zhu)我國(guo)(guo)幾千年的(de)(de)歷史(shi)，代表(biao)作有(you)(you)《東直(zhi)門掛著(zhu)匾》《大頭兒(er)大》《一園青(qing)菜成(cheng)了(le)精》《過水面(mian)》《風(feng)婆婆》《金箍嚕棒》等。

諺語

滬諺,陜北民諺

諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)是(shi)千百(bai)年來流傳在人民(min)(min)大眾口頭上相對固定(ding)成型而短(duan)小精煉的(de)(de)語(yu)句(ju)，以極其簡單和通俗易懂的(de)(de)言辭(ci)說明一(yi)(yi)個深(shen)刻的(de)(de)道理，是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)國民(min)(min)間文學重要組成部分，也是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)華民(min)(min)族寶貴的(de)(de)非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)反映(ying)了勞動人民(min)(min)的(de)(de)生活(huo)實踐經驗，口語(yu)性(xing)強，通俗易懂，反映(ying)的(de)(de)內容涉及社(she)會(hui)生活(huo)的(de)(de)各個方面。諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)按(an)類型可(ke)以分為(wei)生活(huo)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)、農業諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)、風土諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)、時政(zheng)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)。據Maigoo小編(bian)了解(jie)，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)（滬諺(yan)(yan)(yan)）入(ru)(ru)選第(di)三批(pi)國家(jia)級非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)名(ming)錄(lu)，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)（陜北民(min)(min)諺(yan)(yan)(yan)）入(ru)(ru)選第(di)四(si)批(pi)國家(jia)級非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)名(ming)錄(lu)，諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)（哈薩克族諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)）入(ru)(ru)選第(di)五批(pi)國家(jia)級非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)名(ming)錄(lu)，還有部分地(di)級市諺(yan)(yan)(yan)語(yu)入(ru)(ru)選省市級非物(wu)質(zhi)文化遺(yi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)名(ming)錄(lu)。

歌謠

劉三姐歌謠,苗族古歌,土家族哭嫁歌

民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，是民(min)(min)(min)(min)間文學(xue)體裁之一，是篇幅短(duan)小，以抒情為主(zhu)的(de)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間詩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)的(de)總稱(cheng)，也是中國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間文學(xue)重要組(zu)成部分(fen)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)由“民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)”和“民(min)(min)(min)(min)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)”兩部分(fen)構成，按內(nei)容分(fen)，有苦(ku)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、情歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、盤(pan)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、風(feng)俗歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、節令歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)，按民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)分(fen)，有藏族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、侗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)是人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)口頭(tou)創作(zuo)，最(zui)貼近生活，直(zhi)接表達了人民(min)(min)(min)(min)的(de)思想感情和意志愿望，在文學(xue)史上有重要意義。中國(guo)(guo)非遺(yi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)中，有苗族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、劉(liu)三姐歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、布依族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)盤(pan)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土(tu)家族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)梯瑪歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、壯族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)嘹(liao)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、土(tu)家族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)哭嫁歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、仫佬族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)具有少數民(min)(min)(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)特色(se)的(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，還有吳歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、桐城歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、酉陽古(gu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、常山(shan)喝(he)彩歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)、雷州歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)等(deng)地方特色(se)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)，這些民(min)(min)(min)(min)間歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)謠(yao)(yao)(yao)都(dou)入選(xuan)國(guo)(guo)家級非物質文化遺(yi)產名錄(lu)。

民間謎語

澄海燈謎,青林寺謎語

謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)源自中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古代(dai)民(min)(min)間(jian)，是(shi)(shi)帶有知識(shi)性(xing)和(he)趣味性(xing)的民(min)(min)間(jian)韻文(wen)作品，也是(shi)(shi)一種和(he)游戲娛樂分(fen)(fen)不開(kai)的民(min)(min)間(jian)口頭語(yu)言(yan)藝(yi)術(shu)，歷經數千年的演變和(he)發展，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)古代(dai)勞動人(ren)民(min)(min)集體智慧創(chuang)造的文(wen)化產(chan)物，也是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)間(jian)文(wen)學重要組成(cheng)部分(fen)(fen)。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)根據謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)底(di)所反映(ying)的事(shi)(shi)物性(xing)質(zhi)和(he)對象，一般分(fen)(fen)為(wei)三大(da)類：物謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、事(shi)(shi)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)、字謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)間(jian)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)歷經數千年的演變、發展、完善才(cai)形成(cheng)現(xian)今(jin)的體系格局，成(cheng)為(wei)廣(guang)大(da)人(ren)民(min)(min)喜聞樂見的文(wen)學形式，并流傳至今(jin)。謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)（澄(cheng)(cheng)海燈(deng)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)）入(ru)選(xuan)第二(er)批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)名錄，青林寺謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)入(ru)選(xuan)第一批(pi)國(guo)(guo)家級(ji)非(fei)物質(zhi)文(wen)化遺(yi)產(chan)名錄。此(ci)外，青林寺村(cun)被中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)協命名為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)語(yu)村(cun)”，澄(cheng)(cheng)海被文(wen)化部命名為(wei)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)間(jian)燈(deng)謎(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)藝(yi)術(shu)之鄉”。

民間敘事長詩

孔雀東南飛,阿詩瑪

民(min)間(jian)敘事(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)是(shi)民(min)間(jian)文學(xue)體裁(cai)之一，為一種具有比較完整的(de)(de)故(gu)事(shi)(shi)情(qing)節的(de)(de)韻文或(huo)散韻結合的(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)詩(shi)(shi)歌，也(ye)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)間(jian)文學(xue)的(de)(de)重要(yao)組成部(bu)分。民(min)間(jian)敘事(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)是(shi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)群(qun)眾集體創作、口頭流傳的(de)(de)以第三人(ren)(ren)稱(cheng)進行(xing)敘事(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)具完整故(gu)事(shi)(shi)情(qing)節并注(zhu)重人(ren)(ren)物刻畫的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)篇韻文或(huo)韻散相間(jian)的(de)(de)詩(shi)(shi)歌作品，也(ye)稱(cheng)“故(gu)事(shi)(shi)歌”或(huo)“故(gu)事(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)”。在中(zhong)國(guo)非遺項目中(zhong)，也(ye)產生(sheng)了很(hen)多國(guo)家級非遺民(min)間(jian)敘事(shi)(shi)詩(shi)(shi)，如(ru)云南(nan)石林彝族(zu)敘事(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)《阿(a)詩(shi)(shi)瑪(ma)》、甘(gan)肅米(mi)東《米(mi)拉尕黑》、青海(hai)互助土(tu)族(zu)民(min)間(jian)敘事(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)《祁家延(yan)西》、云南(nan)西雙版納傣族(zu)《召樹屯與喃(nan)木諾娜》等(deng)，還有聞名遐邇的(de)(de)《孔雀東南(nan)飛》《木蘭辭》，為我國(guo)古(gu)代(dai)民(min)間(jian)敘事(shi)(shi)長(chang)(chang)(chang)詩(shi)(shi)中(zhong)璀璨耀眼(yan)的(de)(de)“雙子星(xing)座”。

民間說唱

寶卷

民(min)間(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)是(shi)(shi)以(yi)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)唱(chang)的形式來(lai)敷演(yan)故(gu)事或刻畫人物形象(xiang)的口頭(tou)文(wen)學(xue)作(zuo)品，也叫說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)學(xue)，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)民(min)間(jian)(jian)文(wen)學(xue)的重要部(bu)分(fen)。民(min)間(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)同(tong)民(min)間(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)藝既有(you)密切的關系，又有(you)明(ming)顯的區別，不同(tong)于(yu)(yu)民(min)間(jian)(jian)曲(qu)(qu)藝，民(min)間(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)側重于(yu)(yu)文(wen)學(xue)方面，主要是(shi)(shi)從文(wen)學(xue)角度探討作(zuo)為曲(qu)(qu)藝表(biao)演(yan)底(di)本的構成(cheng)(cheng)與特(te)(te)點，屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)民(min)間(jian)(jian)文(wen)學(xue)的范疇。民(min)間(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)從內(nei)容(rong)和(he)形式上，分(fen)為唱(chang)故(gu)事、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)故(gu)事、說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)笑話(hua)三(san)個類別。我國(guo)民(min)間(jian)(jian)說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)歷史(shi)悠久，形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)富(fu)有(you)民(min)族(zu)特(te)(te)色(se)的藝術傳統。在中(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)遺(yi)保(bao)護中(zhong)，說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)學(xue)以(yi)曲(qu)(qu)藝或者民(min)間(jian)(jian)文(wen)學(xue)的名義進入到(dao)各(ge)級非(fei)遺(yi)名錄(lu)當(dang)中(zhong)，其中(zhong)，河西寶(bao)卷(juan)、靖江寶(bao)卷(juan)、吳地寶(bao)卷(juan)、岷縣寶(bao)卷(juan)、楊家(jia)將說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)等入選(xuan)國(guo)家(jia)級非(fei)物質文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)產名錄(lu)，成(cheng)(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)非(fei)物質文(wen)化(hua)遺(yi)產重要組成(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)分(fen)。尤其是(shi)(shi)寶(bao)卷(juan)，是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種綜合文(wen)學(xue)、音樂、表(biao)演(yan)于(yu)(yu)一(yi)體的說(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)唱(chang)文(wen)學(xue)，被稱(cheng)為中(zhong)國(guo)俗文(wen)學(xue)的“活化(hua)石”。

榜單聲明：中國十大(da)非物質文化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)的(de)民間文學排行(xing)(xing)榜(bang)，是Maigoo小編(bian)主要依(yi)據國內(nei)國家(jia)級非物質文化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)之民間文學的(de)歷史(shi)、藝術、科學價值(zhi)、傳承情況以及在國內(nei)地區(qu)的(de)影響(xiang)力等因(yin)素(su)進行(xing)(xing)選擇，參(can)考聯合國教(jiao)科文組織(zhi)評選的(de)《人類非物質文化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)代表作名(ming)錄》和國務院(yuan)批(pi)準并(bing)公布的(de)國家(jia)級非物質文化(hua)(hua)遺產(chan)名(ming)錄，并(bing)綜(zong)合參(can)考互聯網相關排行(xing)(xing)榜(bang)/榜(bang)單(dan)進行(xing)(xing)推薦，名(ming)單(dan)僅(jin)供參(can)考，排名(ming)不分先后，歡迎大(da)家(jia)在評論區(qu)留(liu)言(yan)補充。