開關電源是利(li)用現(xian)代(dai)電(dian)力(li)電(dian)子技(ji)術,控制開關管開(kai)(kai)通和關斷(duan)的(de)(de)時間比率,維持穩定輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)一種電(dian)(dian)(dian)源,開(kai)(kai)關電(dian)(dian)(dian)源一般由脈(mo)沖寬度調制(zhi)(PWM)控(kong)制(zhi)IC和MOSFET構成。隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)的(de)(de)發(fa)展和創新(xin),使得開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技術(shu)也在不斷地創(chuang)新(xin)。目前(qian),開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源以(yi)小型、輕(qing)量(liang)和高效(xiao)率的(de)特點被廣泛應用幾乎所有的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子設備(bei),是當今電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子信息產業飛速(su)發展不可缺(que)少(shao)的一種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)方(fang)式。人們在開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)技術(shu)領(ling)域是邊(bian)開(kai)發相關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)子器(qi)件,邊(bian)開(kai)發開(kai)關(guan)變頻技術(shu),兩者相互促(cu)進推動著開(kai)關(guan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)每年以超過兩位數字(zi)的增長率向著輕(qing)、小(xiao)、薄、低(di)噪聲、高可(ke)靠、抗干擾的方向發(fa)展(zhan)。開關(guan)電源(yuan)可(ke)分為AC/DC和DC/DC兩大類。
一般情況下(xia),保(bao)險(xian)絲熔(rong)斷說(shuo)明電源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)內(nei)部線路有問題。由于電源(yuan)(yuan)工作在(zai)高電壓(ya)、大電流的(de)狀態下(xia),電網電壓(ya)的(de)波動、浪涌(yong)都會(hui)引起(qi)電源(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)電流瞬間(jian)增(zeng)大而使保險(xian)絲熔(rong)斷。重點(dian)應檢查電源輸(shu)入端的(de)整流二極管(guan),高壓(ya)濾波(bo)電解(jie)電容,逆變(bian)功(gong)率開關管(guan)等,檢查一下這(zhe)此(ci)元器件有無擊穿、開路、損壞等。如(ru)果確實是保險絲熔斷,應該首先查看(kan)電(dian)路(lu)板上(shang)的各個元(yuan)件,看(kan)這些元(yuan)件的外表有(you)沒有(you)被燒糊,有(you)沒有(you)電(dian)解液溢出,如果沒有(you)發(fa)現上(shang)述(shu)情況,則用(yong)萬用(yong)表測量開關管有(you)無擊穿短路(lu)。需要特(te)別注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是:切不可在查出某元(yuan)件損壞時,更換后直接開機(ji),這(zhe)樣很有可能由于(yu)其它(ta)高壓元(yuan)件仍有故障又(you)將(jiang)更換的(de)(de)元(yuan)件損壞,一定(ding)要對上(shang)述(shu)電路的(de)(de)所有高壓元(yuan)件進(jin)行全面檢查(cha)測(ce)量后,才能徹底排除保(bao)險絲熔斷的故障。