趙樸初故居,又名世太史第,位于安慶市迎江區天臺里街。建筑坐北朝南,磚木結構,平面呈長方形,東西長約40米,南北寬約100米,占地面積4463多平方米,建筑面積2731平方米。始建于(yu)明萬歷年,清代續修(xiu)續建。初為明刑(xing)部給事中劉尚(shang)志私(si)宅,清同治三年(1864年),曾任(ren)翰林院主修(xiu)的趙畇(yun)購得,始為趙氏府第(di)。因(yin)趙(zhao)(zhao)氏族中自趙(zhao)(zhao)文楷始,趙(zhao)(zhao)畇、趙(zhao)(zhao)繼(ji)元、趙(zhao)(zhao)曾(ceng)重四代(dai)翰(han)林,故(gu)又稱“世太史(shi)第”、“四代(dai)翰(han)林宅”。清光緒三十三年(1907年),趙(zhao)(zhao)畇曾(ceng)孫(sun)、原(yuan)全國政協副主席(xi)趙(zhao)(zhao)樸初(chu)誕生于(yu)此。
世太史第南(nan)面建(jian)(jian)有(you)642平(ping)方米(mi)的花崗(gang)石鋪(pu)地廣場。該(gai)建(jian)(jian)筑分東路四進(jin),西(xi)路三進(jin),共(gong)七進(jin)。除西(xi)三為三開間外(wai),各進(jin)均(jun)為五開間,面闊約(yue)20米(mi),沿(yan)南(nan)北(bei)走向(xiang)兩條中(zhong)軸(zhou)線規整(zheng)排列(lie),每進(jin)兩側由廂房(fang)或回廊貫(guan)通(tong)。該(gai)宅西(xi)北(bei)部(bu)建(jian)(jian)有(you)面積近(jin)1000平(ping)方米(mi)的后花園,配以小(xiao)橋、瀑(pu)布、六角亭、古樹、荷花池,生(sheng)趣(qu)盎(ang)然。園內西(xi)側建(jian)(jian)有(you)31.9米(mi)長碑廊,鑲嵌11塊趙(zhao)樸初先(xian)生(sheng)書(shu)法作品碑刻。
東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)為門(men)(men)廳,外(wai)墻磨(mo)(mo)磚(zhuan)(zhuan)對(dui)縫,嵌大型“五蝠捧壽”圖(tu)案磚(zhuan)(zhuan)雕。門(men)(men)楣上(shang)鑲陽刻(ke)楷書橫匾“世(shi)太(tai)史第(di)”,兩側(ce)(ce)楹聯“江(jiang)山如畫(hua)”、“物我(wo)同春”。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)二進(jin)(jin)(jin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)以東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)側(ce)(ce)回廊相連接。前(qian)檐柱上(shang)方置鳳形斜撐,造(zao)型優美(mei),柱礎亦精(jing)雕細琢。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)三進(jin)(jin)(jin),兩層,上(shang)為閣樓,下(xia)(xia)(xia)層兩側(ce)(ce)建(jian)有廂房(fang),配以雕花(hua)格扇門(men)(men)窗。穿過(guo)最后一(yi)(yi)道隔斷(duan)清水山墻進(jin)(jin)(jin)門(men)(men)即進(jin)(jin)(jin)入東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)四進(jin)(jin)(jin)。該進(jin)(jin)(jin)為上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)兩層,兩側(ce)(ce)邊樓與(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)進(jin)(jin)(jin)隔斷(duan)相銜接,墻內為一(yi)(yi)坡(po)水回廊。東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)西(xi)側(ce)(ce)與(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)樓相連為騎(qi)樓。主(zhu)樓明間下(xia)(xia)(xia)層為平棊(qi)頂,地面鋪(pu)青灰色(se)磨(mo)(mo)面方磚(zhuan)(zhuan),此進(jin)(jin)(jin)梁柱用材粗大,格扇門(men)(men)窗亦造(zao)型別致。西(xi)一(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)、西(xi)二進(jin)(jin)(jin)與(yu)(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)三進(jin)(jin)(jin)建(jian)成(cheng)時間、建(jian)筑(zhu)面積、結構布(bu)局、工藝(yi)制作(zuo)、使用功能基本(ben)相似。西(xi)三進(jin)(jin)(jin)建(jian)成(cheng)時間明顯比(bi)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)四進(jin)(jin)(jin)晚。
世(shi)太史第風(feng)格融(rong)北方古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的恢宏(hong)、粗(cu)獷(guang)及南(nan)方徽州古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的細膩、精致于(yu)一(yi)(yi)體,有(you)(you)著濃郁的地方特色。七進五院一(yi)(yi)園一(yi)(yi)場,布(bu)局規整,結構合理,氣勢恢宏(hong)。整體布(bu)局為深宅(zhai)大(da)院,綜合性(xing)功(gong)能齊(qi)全(quan)。在功(gong)能區域(yu)處理上(shang),利(li)用(yong)(yong)東(dong)三(san)、東(dong)四、西三(san)隔斷墻封(feng)閉大(da)門,又靈活地使各進自成(cheng)(cheng)獨立庭院。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)結構上(shang),七進主體建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)有(you)(you)三(san)進采用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)望(wang)板直(zhi)接鋪在桁條(tiao)上(shang),取代原有(you)(you)椽子中間環節,合理地減少了(le)(le)制作安裝工序(xu)和結構銜接點(dian),形成(cheng)(cheng)皖西南(nan)地域(yu)古(gu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)的一(yi)(yi)大(da)特色。2006年(nian)被國(guo)務(wu)院公布(bu)為第六批全(quan)國(guo)重點(dian)文物(wu)保護單位。