芒果视频下载

基本介紹

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)位(wei)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)太(tai)室(shi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)東麓的(de)(de)黃蓋峰(feng)(feng)下，距登(deng)封市區(qu)一(yi)(yi)公(gong)里，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)(de)主廟(miao)(miao)與象征，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)原地區(qu)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)處廟(miao)(miao)宇，是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華五岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)現(xian)(xian)(xian)存規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)較大(da)(da)、保存較完整的(de)(de)道(dao)教建筑。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)始建于(yu)秦，其(qi)前身為太(tai)室(shi)祠(ci)，是(shi)(shi)祭祀中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)神(shen)的(de)(de)地方。西(xi)漢(han)元封元年(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元前110年(nian)(nian)），漢(han)武帝劉徹率領(ling)群臣，禮登(deng)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峻(jun)極峰(feng)(feng)，忽聞山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)呼萬(wan)歲”之(zhi)(zhi)聲，以為山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)神(shen)顯靈，隨下令(ling)增(zeng)建太(tai)室(shi)祠(ci)，禁伐山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)木，賜山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)下三百戶村民為太(tai)室(shi)奉邑，也就是(shi)(shi)今天(tian)的(de)(de)登(deng)封市。武則(ze)天(tian)萬(wan)歲登(deng)封元年(nian)(nian)（公(gong)元696年(nian)(nian)），女皇登(deng)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，封岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)神(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)后，使中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)名(ming)聲大(da)(da)振。北宋時期，太(tai)祖(zu)(zu)趙匡胤(yin)和(he)真(zhen)宗趙恒則(ze)又(you)按(an)照(zhao)皇宮形(xing)式(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)了(le)大(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)修復建設。經過唐、宋時期的(de)(de)大(da)(da)力整修，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)已形(xing)成“崇墉繚(liao)繞(rao)，屹(yi)若云(yun)連”的(de)(de)壯(zhuang)麗宏偉規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)。清(qing)乾隆皇帝在位(wei)期間，按(an)照(zhao)故(gu)宮形(xing)式(shi)對中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)又(you)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)了(le)大(da)(da)規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)整修，故(gu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)又(you)有(you)“天(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)小故(gu)宮”之(zhi)(zhi)稱。占地11萬(wan)余(yu)(yu)平方米，規(gui)(gui)(gui)模(mo)宏大(da)(da)，歷史悠久，現(xian)(xian)(xian)為全(quan)國重(zhong)點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)。廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)現(xian)(xian)(xian)存建筑四百余(yu)(yu)間，金(jin)石(shi)鑄器(qi)二(er)百余(yu)(yu)件，古柏300余(yu)(yu)株，廟(miao)(miao)內(nei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)嵩(song)高靈廟(miao)(miao)碑是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國道(dao)教立碑之(zhi)(zhi)祖(zu)(zu)，宋代(dai)鎮(zhen)庫鐵人(ren)(ren)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國現(xian)(xian)(xian)存形(xing)體(ti)較大(da)(da)，保存較好(hao)，造型(xing)佳的(de)(de)鐵人(ren)(ren)，廟(miao)(miao)外(wai)石(shi)刻翁仲是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國現(xian)(xian)(xian)存年(nian)(nian)代(dai)較早的(de)(de)石(shi)雕翁仲，太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國著名(ming)的(de)(de)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)漢(han)三闕(que)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。另外(wai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)的(de)(de)香(xiang)火(huo)極旺，每年(nian)(nian)接(jie)待(dai)全(quan)國各地香(xiang)客(ke)達20余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)次，一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)二(er)次的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)廟(miao)(miao)會，始于(yu)隋唐，己有(you)一(yi)(yi)千(qian)多年(nian)(nian)歷史，是(shi)(shi)嵩(song)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地區(qu)重(zhong)要物(wu)資交(jiao)流大(da)(da)會，旅游(you)觀光大(da)(da)會，年(nian)(nian)接(jie)待(dai)游(you)客(ke)達100余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)人(ren)(ren)次。

景點景觀

太室闕

太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)位于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)廟天中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)閣南600余米處的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸線上(shang)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)廟前(qian)身(shen)太(tai)室(shi)祠的(de)神(shen)道闕(que)(que)(que)(que)，始建于(yu)東漢安帝元初五(wu)年（公元118年），為當(dang)時(shi)的(de)陽城長呂常所(suo)建，與少室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)、啟(qi)母闕(que)(que)(que)(que)并稱為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)漢三闕(que)(que)(que)(que)。太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)的(de)位置和神(shen)道一直未變，是(shi)(shi)(shi)古(gu)代(dai)(dai)祭祀太(tai)室(shi)山(shan)神(shen)的(de)重要實(shi)物(wu)見證。闕(que)(que)(que)(que)是(shi)(shi)(shi)建在城門、墓(mu)門、宮(gong)門、廟門前(qian)面的(de)兩個相峙對稱的(de)建筑(zhu)物(wu)，因(yin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間沒有(you)(you)橫額，所(suo)以(yi)叫“缺(que)”，古(gu)時(shi)候“缺(que)”和“闕(que)(que)(que)(que)”這兩個字是(shi)(shi)(shi)通用(yong)的(de)。闕(que)(que)(que)(que)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)其實(shi)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)象征性的(de)大門，代(dai)(dai)表著威嚴。1961年太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)被(bei)國務院公布為第一批全國重點文(wen)物(wu)保護單位。太(tai)室(shi)闕(que)(que)(que)(que)是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)長方(fang)形石(shi)塊壘砌而成，上(shang)刻(ke)有(you)(you)漢隸(li)(li)和篆、隸(li)(li)參半(ban)的(de)銘(ming)文(wen)，記(ji)述了建闕(que)(que)(que)(que)的(de)緣由及贊(zan)頌中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳(yue)神(shen)的(de)靈驗，是(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國書法演變的(de)重要實(shi)物(wu)。闕(que)(que)(que)(que)身(shen)雕刻(ke)有(you)(you)斗雞、車騎出(chu)行、人物(wu)、龍、虎等畫(hua)像50余幅，是(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)究漢代(dai)(dai)風俗(su)習(xi)慣和社(she)會生活的(de)珍貴資(zi)料，對研(yan)究中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國漢代(dai)(dai)建筑(zhu)史、繪畫(hua)藝術史具有(you)(you)極高的(de)價值。

中軸線

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟的(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸線是(shi)一條由青石板鋪成的(de)(de)大(da)甭道，共十一進，全長1.3華(hua)里。沿中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)軸線從南向北，由低而高，依(yi)次為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華(hua)門(men)、遙(yao)參亭、天(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)閣、配天(tian)作(zuo)鎮(zhen)坊、祟圣門(men)、化三(san)門(men)、峻極(ji)(ji)門(men)、高高峻極(ji)(ji)坊、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳大(da)殿(dian)、寢殿(dian)、御書樓。廟的(de)(de)東路(lu)和西路(lu)，還分別建有太尉官、火(huo)神宮、祖師宮、小(xiao)樓宮、神州官和龍(long)王(wang)殿(dian)等單獨的(de)(de)小(xiao)院落，現(xian)存明清建筑近四(si)百(bai)間，金石鑄器二百(bai)余件，漢到清的(de)(de)古柏(bo)三(san)百(bai)余株。正是(shi)這些亭門(men)宮殿(dian)，構成了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳廟規模宏大(da)的(de)(de)古建筑群。

中華門

中華門中岳廟的前門，原名“名山第一坊”，為木建牌樓，1942年改建為磚瓦結構的原廡殿式牌坊，更名為“中華門”。門額內外分別寫有“依嵩”、“帶潁”、“嵩峻”、“天中”八字，簡要地說明了中岳廟所處的地理位置。中華門(men)(men)北(bei)(bei)有(you)一座八(ba)角重(zhong)檐亭(ting)，即“遙(yao)參(can)亭(ting)”，是(shi)古代過(guo)往行旅拜(bai)謁(ye)岳神的地方。檐坊和(he)雀替上(shang)(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)透(tou)雕(diao)戲(xi)曲故事，形象優美，精(jing)巧異常。穿過(guo)遙(yao)參(can)亭(ting)，迎面(mian)(mian)(mian)就(jiu)是(shi)天(tian)中閣(ge)。天(tian)中閣(ge)在明清之(zhi)際是(shi)中岳廟的正門(men)(men)，原名(ming)黃中樓，明嘉靖年間(jian)改為今名(ming)，面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)五間(jian)，重(zhong)檐綠(lv)瓦(wa)，雕(diao)梁畫柱，飛檐凌空，風格獨秀。門(men)(men)上(shang)(shang)虎頭大釘緊扣，門(men)(men)外兩個石獅(shi)守衛，栩(xu)栩(xu)如生，為清代雕(diao)刻的代表作(zuo)。東側雄獅(shi)口(kou)中，有(you)直徑為15厘米(mi)的石雕(diao)圓球，西側雌(ci)獅(shi)前蹄按一小獅(shi)，工(gong)藝精(jing)巧，獨具匠心。石獅(shi)之(zhi)后，是(shi)辟有(you)三個門(men)(men)洞的高臺(tai)樓閣(ge)。臺(tai)高7米(mi)有(you)余(yu)，上(shang)(shang)面(mian)(mian)(mian)有(you)面(mian)(mian)(mian)闊(kuo)五間(jian)、進深一間(jian)的重(zhong)檐歇山式(shi)建筑，覆以(yi)綠(lv)色(se)琉璃瓦(wa)，四周筑有(you)女兒墻。游人至此(ci)，舉目四望，東有(you)牧(mu)子崗，西臨(lin)望朝(chao)嶺(ling)，南接玉案山，北(bei)(bei)依黃蓋(gai)峰。

配天作鎮坊

出天(tian)(tian)中閣(ge)沿(yan)甬(yong)道拾級而上，其后便(bian)是木(mu)結構配天(tian)(tian)作(zuo)鎮(zhen)(zhen)枋(fang)。它原(yuan)名叫“宇(yu)(yu)廟坊”，古時稱中岳(yue)(yue)為(wei)土(tu)神(shen)，意思是以(yi)地配天(tian)(tian)。枋(fang)起三架，廡殿式屋頂，斗拱雀(que)替，雕琢華(hua)麗。正樓額書“配天(tian)(tian)作(zuo)鎮(zhen)(zhen)”，左(zuo)右配樓分別書“宇(yu)(yu)廟”、“俱(ju)瞻”。配天(tian)(tian)作(zuo)鎮(zhen)(zhen)枋(fang)后為(wei)松(song)柏掩映(ying)的崇(chong)圣門。此門為(wei)過往(wang)門庭，因中岳(yue)(yue)神(shen)曾被封為(wei)“中岳(yue)(yue)天(tian)(tian)中崇(chong)圣大帝(di)”而得名。

崇圣門

崇圣門東有(you)古(gu)神庫，創建于(yu)北宋。在古(gu)神庫周圍有(you)四(si)個(ge)(ge)高大的(de)(de)鐵(tie)人，四(si)大鐵(tie)人鑄造(zao)于(yu)北宋英宗治(zhi)平元年（公(gong)元1064年），高3米許，重約(yue)3噸(dun)，握拳振臂，怒目(mu)挺胸，形象威嚴，栩(xu)栩(xu)如生，是(shi)中國現存形體較大，保(bao)存較好的(de)(de)四(si)個(ge)(ge)“守(shou)庫鐵(tie)人”，同時也是(shi)北宋鑄造(zao)的(de)(de)藝術珍品(pin)。

化三門

化(hua)三門取(qu)名于道教的“一(yi)氣化(hua)三清(qing)”，是(shi)中岳廟的過往門庭。化(hua)三門后西側，有(you)(you)無字碑(bei)(bei)(bei)亭(ting)。亭(ting)內立有(you)(you)清(qing)代(dai)石(shi)(shi)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)一(yi)通，碑(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)只有(you)(you)線刻花邊，沒有(you)(you)文(wen)字，故(gu)(gu)稱"無字碑(bei)(bei)(bei)"。立此碑(bei)(bei)(bei)的意思是(shi)說(shuo)岳神之德，大得難以(yi)用文(wen)字形容，故(gu)(gu)立空石(shi)(shi)，以(yi)示紀念。

龍王廟

龍(long)王(wang)(wang)廟，其建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑在(zai)中岳廟院(yuan)外，整(zheng)個建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑仿古而(er)莊嚴，現是在(zai)唐代古廟的基(ji)地(di)上建(jian)(jian)(jian)成一(yi)座(zuo)具有(you)現代與(yu)古代建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑特色的道觀，位于中岳山脈之首(shou)，上接天宇，地(di)連龍(long)脈。整(zheng)座(zuo)龍(long)王(wang)(wang)廟，呈龍(long)形與(yu)道家(jia)八卦(gua)象位而(er)建(jian)(jian)(jian)，廟中龍(long)王(wang)(wang)、龍(long)太子形像(xiang)栩(xu)栩(xu)如生，威嚴逼真，是求(qiu)神(shen)求(qiu)財靈(ling)驗(yan)之道場。

交通指南

在(zai)登封(feng)市(shi)乘坐2路公交車，在(zai)“中岳廟”站下(xia)車即(ji)到(dao)，2路公交車也(ye)可(ke)以到(dao)嵩陽書院。