一.產品介紹
曹鎮大米的產區——綠(lv)色食品(pin)水稻(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)基地位于(yu)我市湛河區曹鎮鄉(xiang)大黃莊傳統(tong)水稻(dao)種(zhong)植(zhi)核(he)心區,該地域沒有工業,沒有污染源,這(zhe)里土地肥沃,空(kong)氣清新,自(zi)然生態環境原始,素有鷹(ying)城小江南(nan)、稻(dao)米之鄉(xiang)之稱。
水(shui)稻的(de)灌溉水(shui)源(yuan)來自白龜湖,這里(li)是(shi)國家(jia)二級飲(yin)用(yong)水(shui)源(yuan),湖水(shui)發(fa)源(yuan)于伏牛山脈腹地沙(sha)河,其水(shui)質(zhi)含(han)有(you)豐(feng)富的(de)礦物質(zhi)和微(wei)量元素。
曹鎮大米采用無(wu)土栽培基質(zhi)育秧(yang),施用有(you)機生(sheng)物肥。豐裕(yu)公司采用生(sheng)物滅蟲、人(ren)工除草、音樂促長(chang),并(bing)按(an)(an)照(zhao)綠色食品(pin)種植的特殊要求,從整(zheng)地、育秧(yang)、插秧(yang)、田間(jian)管(guan)理(li)、病蟲害防治到收(shou)割、運輸、儲存(cun)、加工、庫房管(guan)理(li)等各個環節嚴格按(an)(an)照(zhao)技(ji)術(shu)操作規(gui)程,建立(li)了產品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)追溯體(ti)系,真正(zheng)實現了從農田到餐桌(zhuo)全(quan)程產品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)安全(quan)控制。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
2.1土(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況 平頂山(shan)市(shi)湛(zhan)河(he)區地(di)(di)(di)處伏牛山(shan)、外方山(shan)余脈與黃淮(huai)平原交接(jie)地(di)(di)(di)帶,地(di)(di)(di)勢西高(gao)東(dong)(dong)低,呈梯度分(fen)布。淮(huai)河(he)上游(you)重要的(de)(de)支流(liu)---沙河(he)發(fa)源(yuan)于此(ci),并從(cong)曹(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)西向東(dong)(dong)穿過。1958年(nian)響應毛主席一(yi)定要把淮(huai)河(he)治好的(de)(de)號(hao)召,在曹(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)的(de)(de)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)和(he)(he)北(bei)部(bu)(bu)修筑了新中國淮(huai)河(he)上游(you)的(de)(de)二座大(da)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)白(bai)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)山(shan)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku),從(cong)此(ci)曹(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)真正(zheng)成了可與江南媲美的(de)(de)魚米(mi)之(zhi)鄉(xiang)。曹(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)地(di)(di)(di)貌屬于沖積平原,地(di)(di)(di)勢平坦,海拔 92---110m之(zhi)間。土(tu)壤類型(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)褐化兩合(he)土(tu),有(you)機質(zhi)平均含量(liang)(liang)1.36%、水(shui)(shui)解氮平均值70ppm、速(su)效(xiao)(xiao)磷平均值12.6ppm、速(su)效(xiao)(xiao)鉀127.855ppm,土(tu)層深厚,通(tong)透性好,無污染源(yuan),非常適合(he)水(shui)(shui)稻生(sheng)長。 2.2水(shui)(shui)文情(qing)況 該區域(yu)地(di)(di)(di)表水(shui)(shui)有(you)自(zi)(zi)(zi)然降水(shui)(shui)和(he)(he)入境水(shui)(shui)兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)。年(nian)均總量(liang)(liang)共(gong)96052萬m3,偏(pian)枯(ku)年(nian)為(wei)(wei)53697萬m3。地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)(shui)由自(zi)(zi)(zi)然降水(shui)(shui),自(zi)(zi)(zi)流(liu)灌(guan)溉(gai)回(hui)歸水(shui)(shui),河(he)流(liu)側滲及白(bai)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)山(shan)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)滲漏等(deng)組成,可利用(yong)水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)總量(liang)(liang)接(jie)近30萬m2。境內(nei)南有(you)大(da)泥河(he)與白(bai)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)山(shan)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)干渠穿境而(er)過,北(bei)靠白(bai)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)山(shan)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku),其中白(bai)龜(gui)(gui)(gui)山(shan)水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)東(dong)(dong)西長15.5Km,南北(bei)寬4.2Km,占(zhan)地(di)(di)(di)近70Km2,庫(ku)容量(liang)(liang)6.49億m3 ,有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)灌(guan)溉(gai)面積3.3萬hm2,整個曹(cao)鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)都在其灌(guan)區覆蓋內(nei)。 2.3氣候(hou)(hou)情(qing)況 氣候(hou)(hou)屬暖溫(wen)(wen)帶大(da)陸季(ji)(ji)(ji)風(feng)(feng)氣候(hou)(hou)。主要特點是:光(guang)能充裕,熱量(liang)(liang)豐富,無霜期(qi)(qi)長,水(shui)(shui)熱同期(qi)(qi)。境內(nei)冬春季(ji)(ji)(ji)多東(dong)(dong)北(bei)風(feng)(feng)和(he)(he)偏(pian)東(dong)(dong)風(feng)(feng),夏季(ji)(ji)(ji)多偏(pian)東(dong)(dong)風(feng)(feng),秋季(ji)(ji)(ji)多為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)風(feng)(feng)和(he)(he)偏(pian)西風(feng)(feng),冬季(ji)(ji)(ji)以偏(pian)北(bei)風(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)主。年(nian)平均氣溫(wen)(wen)14.9℃,極端(duan)最高(gao)氣溫(wen)(wen)43.7℃,最低-17.8℃。年(nian)平均降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)678.6mm。7—9月份(fen)的(de)(de)降水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)全年(nian)的(de)(de)70%左右(you)。高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)與多雨期(qi)(qi)同步(bu),十分(fen)有(you)利于水(shui)(shui)稻生(sheng)長。境內(nei)多年(nian)平均日照時(shi)數(shu)有(you)2231.2小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)平均日照率是50%,年(nian)最多日照時(shi)數(shu)為(wei)(wei)2490小(xiao)時(shi),最少日照時(shi)數(shu)為(wei)(wei)2059小(xiao)時(shi)。
三.地域范圍
“曹(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米(mi)”以平頂山市湛河區曹(cao)鎮鄉大(da)(da)黃莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)為核(he)心,以白龜山干渠、大(da)(da)泥(ni)河兩側(ce)為主(zhu)線,主(zhu)要涉及銀王、潘(pan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、陶寨、邢鋪、褚(chu)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、灣李(li)、溝劉、王莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、肖莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、李(li)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、焦莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、朱堂、齊(qi)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、秦莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、曹(cao)東、曹(cao)西(xi)、曹(cao)北(bei)、關莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、謝莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、楊西(xi)、連莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、大(da)(da)黃莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、蘇莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、齊(qi)務、宋寨、吉村、彭莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、河岸李(li)、曹(cao)坑、泥(ni)河、李(li)三莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、趙莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、張莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、五虎(hu)劉、杜莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)等35個行政村,北(bei)鄰(lin)(lin)白龜湖,南接葉縣任店鎮,西(xi)與魯山縣的張官營和滾子(zi)營相(xiang)鄰(lin)(lin)。地理坐標位(wei)于(yu)東經(jing)113°09′至113°15′,北(bei)緯33°42′至33°59′,東西(xi)長15 Km,南北(bei)長4.3Km,適(shi)宜種植面積 3500 hm2,年產(chan)大(da)(da)米(mi)20000噸(dun)左(zuo)右。
四.產品品質特性特征
4.1外(wai)在(zai)感官特征(zheng) 質地堅硬,色澤微(wei)黃(huang)略透明,米(mi)(mi)飯筋道,米(mi)(mi)粥(zhou)黏(nian)糯,香氣濃(nong)郁(yu),回味微(wei)甜。 4.2內在(zai)品質指(zhi)標 經農(nong)業部農(nong)產品質量(liang)(liang)(liang)監督(du)檢(jian)驗測試中心(鄭(zheng)州)檢(jian)驗,“曹鎮大米(mi)(mi)”粗淀粉含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)87.9%-88.37 %,高于普通大米(mi)(mi)(62%-86%),直鏈淀粉含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)17.6%-19.8%(最(zui)適值(zhi)17%-25%),蛋白(bai)質含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(7.71- 7.8)g/100g(最(zui)適值(zhi)6-9),均在(zai)最(zui)適范圍內,膠稠度為(wei)82-90mm,略低于最(zui)適值(zhi)(90mm),總體(ti)品質上佳(jia)。 4.3安全要求 稻生產和加工過程嚴格按照(zhao)綠色食品生產加工技術標準進行,禁止使(shi)用(yong)未依法登(deng)記(ji)和國家明令禁止使(shi)用(yong)的(de)農(nong)業投(tou)入品,推行標準化生產,切(qie)實(shi)保障質量(liang)(liang)(liang)安全。
五.特定生產方式
3.1產地(di)(di)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze) 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)土(tu)壤(rang)耕(geng)層深(shen)厚、肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)沃、通(tong)透(tou)性(xing)良好,土(tu)壤(rang)中性(xing)偏酸(suan)(suan)、有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)含(han)量高,具(ju)有(you)較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保(bao)(bao)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙(sha)壤(rang)土(tu),產地(di)(di)環境質(zhi)量符合(he)(he)《綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)產地(di)(di)環境技(ji)術(shu)條件》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)。 3.2品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze) “曹鎮大(da)米(mi)”主栽品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)適(shi)合(he)(he)當(dang)地(di)(di)環境條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)、抗病(bing)且(qie)通(tong)過省級農(nong)(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)審(shen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)委員會(hui)審(shen)(認)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),如:黃金(jin)晴、新稻(dao)(dao)(dao)18等(deng)。不(bu)得(de)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)未(wei)經審(shen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)和(he)轉(zhuan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)因品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產過程管理 3.3.1培(pei)育壯苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao) 3.3.1.1種(zhong)(zhong)子處(chu)理 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)前(qian)先(xian)曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)2-3天。用(yong)(yong)(yong)1%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石灰水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸種(zhong)(zhong)24小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)。撈(lao)出(chu)(chu)后(hou)放在(zai)(zai)(zai)30℃清(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中泡種(zhong)(zhong)2-3天,沖(chong)洗干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)凈(jing),裹入麻袋(或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo) 其他(ta)保(bao)(bao)溫材料),放在(zai)(zai)(zai)朝陽(yang)處(chu)24h,破胸露白時(shi)(shi)(shi)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3.2 整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)做床 3.3.2.1 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze) 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)背風向陽(yang)、地(di)(di)勢平坦、地(di)(di)力肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)沃、灌排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 方便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旱田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),提倡穴(xue)(xue)盤(pan)基(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。 3.3.2.2 整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di)做床 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)深(shen)翻(fan)旋耕(geng)除(chu)凈(jing)殘茬、找(zhao)平后(hou)做寬1.8m,床長10-15m,步(bu)道溝40cm,的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)床,反復(fu)平整(zheng)(zheng)床面。 3.3.3 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong) 常規育秧(yang)(yang)(yang)5月10~12日(ri)(ri)(ri)播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)667㎡40kg;穴(xue)(xue)盤(pan)育苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)按每(mei)(mei)畝大(da)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)30盤(pan)、每(mei)(mei)盤(pan)130克-140k用(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)量播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)畝用(yong)(yong)(yong)重量3.5~4kg。 3.3.4 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)管理 播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)澆足底水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),出(chu)(chu)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)前(qian)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),當(dang)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)青頭(tou)(tou)時(shi)(shi)(shi),補(bu)澆一次水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)追肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)。 3.3.5 大(da)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)管理 3.3.5.1 整(zheng)(zheng)地(di)(di) 前(qian)茬收獲后(hou),要(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)滅茬,趁墑(di)耕(geng)翻(fan),放水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泡田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。 3.3.5.2 施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei) 提倡測(ce)土(tu)配方施(shi)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),注意有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)、無(wu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)結合(he)(he),氮、磷(lin)、鉀(jia)配合(he)(he)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)每(mei)(mei)667㎡施(shi)入優質(zhi)農(nong)(nong)家(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)3?以(yi)(yi)上(shang),純氮12㎏~15㎏,純磷(lin)6.5㎏~7㎏,純鉀(jia)12㎏~15㎏,硫酸(suan)(suan)鋅1㎏~2㎏。其中氮肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)50%~70%作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)(ji)(ji)面肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),20%~30%作(zuo)(zuo)分(fen)(fen)蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),10%~20%作(zuo)(zuo)穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei);磷(lin)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)全(quan)部作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)(ji)(ji)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong);鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)、蘗肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)各占(zhan)50%。 3.3.5.3 插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang) 機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang),適(shi)宜(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間為(wei)(wei)6月8~12日(ri)(ri)(ri),要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)3.5~4.5片葉;人工(gong)(gong)常規插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang),時(shi)(shi)(shi)間為(wei)(wei)6月13~18日(ri)(ri)(ri),要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)5.5~7.5片葉。人工(gong)(gong)插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang),行穴(xue)(xue)距33.3×13.3㎝,每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)3~4苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),基(ji)(ji)(ji)本苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)4.5~6萬(wan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao);機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)栽插(cha),行穴(xue)(xue)距20×16.7㎝,每(mei)(mei)667㎡2萬(wan)穴(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)5苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)~6苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao),基(ji)(ji)(ji)本苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)10萬(wan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)~12萬(wan)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)是要(yao)(yao)淺(qian)插(cha)、勻(yun)插(cha),深(shen)度1㎝~2㎝。 3.3.5.4 灌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)返青時(shi)(shi)(shi)灌深(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)護秧(yang)(yang)(yang),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)3cm~5㎝,但不(bu)淹(yan)心;分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)灌淺(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),在(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)效分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)淺(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)勤灌(水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)1cm~2㎝);無(wu)效分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi),及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)曬(shai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。孕穗(sui)揚花期(qi)(qi)(qi)灌3㎝以(yi)(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)且(qie)不(bu)能斷水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui);齊穗(sui)后(hou)“干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)濕濕,以(yi)(yi)濕為(wei)(wei)主” ,后(hou)期(qi)(qi)(qi)“干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)濕濕,以(yi)(yi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)為(wei)(wei)主”。收獲前(qian)7d及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。 3.3.6 有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)控治技(ji)術(shu) 3.3.6.1農(nong)(nong)業防(fang)(fang)治 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)抗性(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong),定(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)換(huan),保(bao)(bao)持品(pin)(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)抗性(xing),減輕病(bing)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)合(he)(he)理耕(geng)作(zuo)(zuo)制(zhi)度、輪(lun)(lun)作(zuo)(zuo)換(huan)茬、種(zhong)(zhong)養(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)蟹等(deng))結合(he)(he)、健身(shen)栽培(pei)等(deng)農(nong)(nong)藝(yi)措(cuo)施(shi),減少有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。 3.3.6.2 生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)治 選(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)對天敵殺傷(shang)力小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中、低毒(du)性(xing)代學農(nong)(nong)藥,避(bi)開自(zi)然(ran)天敵對農(nong)(nong)藥的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)感時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)(qi),創(chuang)造適(shi)宜(yi)自(zi)然(ran)天敵繁殖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境,保(bao)(bao)護天敵;利用(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)釋放天敵控制(zhi)有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。 3.3.6.3 物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)治 采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)黑(hei)光燈(deng)、震頻式殺蟲(chong)(chong)燈(deng)、色(se)光板等(deng)物(wu)(wu)理裝置誘(you)殺鱗翅目、同翅目害(hai)(hai)(hai)蟲(chong)(chong)。 3.3.6.4 藥劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)治 3.3.6.4.1 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing) 當(dang)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中心病(bing)團出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)時(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)三環唑20g~25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟靈32g~40g噴(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)治。 3.3.6.4.2 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)紋枯病(bing) 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)分(fen)(fen)蘗至孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)、抽(chou)穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi),當(dang)分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)(qi)(qi)叢發(fa)(fa)病(bing)率在(zai)(zai)(zai)15%~20%、孕穗(sui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)30%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗(gang)霉素10g~ 12.5g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)苯甲丙環唑4.5g~8g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)霧1次~2次,低于(yu)此指標可以(yi)(yi)不(bu)施(shi)農(nong)(nong)藥。 3.3.6.4.3 惡(e)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)病(bing) 5%咪(mi)鮮胺(an)(an)(an)2000~4000倍液或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)10%二硫氰基(ji)(ji)(ji)甲烷乳油3000~5000倍液,浸種(zhong)(zhong)48h~72h,瀝干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)后(hou)催芽播(bo)(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3.6.4.4二化(hua)螟 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)枯鞘從(cong)率5%~8%,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)氯(lv)蟲(chong)(chong)苯甲酰胺(an)(an)(an)2g~4g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)氯(lv)蟲(chong)(chong)?噻蟲(chong)(chong)嗪3.2g~4g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)三唑磷(lin)24g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧。 3.3.6.4.5 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)飛(fei)虱 百叢蟲(chong)(chong)量達1 500頭(tou)(tou)~2 000頭(tou)(tou),每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)噻嗪酮7g~10g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)吡蚜(ya)酮5g~7.5g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg,針(zhen)對稻(dao)(dao)(dao)株中下部噴(pen)霧。 3.3.6.4.6稻(dao)(dao)(dao)薊馬 苗(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)期(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)葉尖卷曲率在(zai)(zai)(zai)10%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)、百株蟲(chong)(chong)量300頭(tou)(tou)~500頭(tou)(tou)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)時(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)吡蟲(chong)(chong)啉(lin)2g~3g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)吡蚜(ya)酮5g~7.5g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧。 3.3.6.4.7雜草(cao)防(fang)(fang)治 種(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)7d~10d,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)丁草(cao)胺(an)(an)(an)30g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)芐嘧(mi)磺(huang)隆1.5g~2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)止秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)雜草(cao)。移栽后(hou)5d~10 d,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)吡嘧(mi)磺(huang)隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)草(cao)光(芐嘧(mi)磺(huang)隆與丁草(cao)胺(an)(an)(an)復(fu)配劑(ji))25g~30g拌化(hua)肥(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)細(xi)泥土(tu)30kg撒施(shi)防(fang)(fang)治。 3.4 收獲、運(yun)輸、貯藏 當(dang)每(mei)(mei)穗(sui)谷粒穎(ying)殼95%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)變(bian)黃或(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)95%以(yi)(yi)上(shang)粒小(xiao)(xiao)穗(sui)軸及(ji)副護穎(ying)變(bian)黃,米(mi)粒定(ding)(ding)(ding)于(yu)變(bian)硬,呈透(tou)明狀時(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)采(cai)收。收后(hou)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)場內(nei)晾曬(shai)和(he)大(da)型烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)相結合(he)(he),運(yun)輸工(gong)(gong)具(ju)應(ying)清(qing)潔、干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)、有(you)防(fang)(fang)雨設(she)(she)施(shi)。嚴禁與有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)、有(you)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)、有(you)異味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)混運(yun)。貯藏設(she)(she)施(shi)應(ying)清(qing)潔、干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)、通(tong)風、無(wu)蟲(chong)(chong)害(hai)(hai)(hai)和(he)鼠害(hai)(hai)(hai)。嚴禁與有(you)毒(du)、有(you)害(hai)(hai)(hai)、有(you)腐(fu)蝕(shi)性(xing)、易發(fa)(fa)霉、發(fa)(fa)潮、有(you)異味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)混存。 3.5生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產檔(dang)案(an)記(ji)錄 要(yao)(yao)建立田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)間技(ji)術(shu)檔(dang)案(an),對整(zheng)(zheng)個生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產過程全(quan)面記(ji)載,并妥善保(bao)(bao)存,以(yi)(yi)備(bei)查閱。
六.包裝標識相關規定
5.1分(fen)級 “曹(cao)(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米(mi)”分(fen)級嚴格(ge)按照(zhao)《大(da)(da)米(mi)》(GB 1354-2009)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)。 5.2 包(bao)裝(zhuang)標識 包(bao)裝(zhuang)主要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)袋式或箱式包(bao)裝(zhuang),包(bao)裝(zhuang)材料(liao)必須符(fu)合(he)(he)國家(jia)強制性技術規范要(yao)(yao)求。產(chan)品(pin)有(you)(you)明確標簽,內容包(bao)括(kuo): 產(chan)品(pin)名稱、商(shang)標、產(chan)品(pin)執(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)標準、生(sheng)產(chan)者及詳細地(di)址、凈含量及包(bao)裝(zhuang)日期(qi),字跡(ji)清(qing)晰、完整、準確。 5.3 標識 “曹(cao)(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米(mi)”劃定(ding)的(de)(de)地(di)域(yu)保(bao)護范圍內的(de)(de)大(da)(da)米(mi)生(sheng)產(chan)經營者,在(zai)產(chan)品(pin)或包(bao)裝(zhuang)上使(shi)用(yong)已(yi)獲登(deng)記(ji)保(bao)護的(de)(de)“曹(cao)(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米(mi)”農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志,須向“曹(cao)(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米(mi)”登(deng)記(ji)證(zheng)書持有(you)(you)人提出(chu)申請,并按照(zhao)相(xiang)關要(yao)(yao)求規范使(shi)用(yong)標志,在(zai)其產(chan)品(pin)包(bao)裝(zhuang)上統一(yi)使(shi)用(yong)”曹(cao)(cao)鎮大(da)(da)米(mi)”和農(nong)產(chan)品(pin)地(di)理標志公共標識相(xiang)結合(he)(he)的(de)(de)標識標注方法。 5.4 貯(zhu)藏(zang) 在(zai)避光、常溫、干燥和有(you)(you)防(fang)潮(chao)設(she)施的(de)(de)地(di)方貯(zhu)藏(zang)。貯(zhu)藏(zang)設(she)施應(ying)(ying)(ying)清(qing)潔、干燥、通(tong)風(feng),無(wu)蟲害和鼠害。嚴禁(jin)與(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)腐蝕性、易發霉、發潮(chao)、有(you)(you)異(yi)味的(de)(de)物(wu)品(pin)混存(cun)。若(ruo)進(jin)行(xing)倉庫消毒(du)、熏蒸(zheng)處理所用(yong)藥劑應(ying)(ying)(ying)符(fu)合(he)(he)國家(jia)有(you)(you)關食(shi)品(pin)衛生(sheng)安全的(de)(de)規定(ding)。 5.5 運(yun)輸(shu) 運(yun)輸(shu)工(gong)具(ju)應(ying)(ying)(ying)清(qing)潔、干燥、衛生(sheng)、無(wu)異(yi)味、無(wu)污染(ran),運(yun)輸(shu)過程中應(ying)(ying)(ying)防(fang)止日曬(shai)、雨淋,通(tong)風(feng)散熱工(gong)作,嚴禁(jin)與(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)異(yi)味、易污染(ran)的(de)(de)物(wu)品(pin)混裝(zhuang)、混運(yun)。