一.產品介紹
曹鎮大米的產(chan)區——綠色食品水稻(dao)種植基(ji)地位于(yu)我市湛(zhan)河區曹鎮鄉大黃莊傳(chuan)統水稻(dao)種植核心區,該(gai)地域沒有(you)(you)工(gong)業,沒有(you)(you)污(wu)染源,這里土地肥沃,空氣清新,自然生(sheng)態環境原始,素(su)有(you)(you)鷹城小江(jiang)南(nan)、稻(dao)米之(zhi)鄉之(zhi)稱。
水(shui)(shui)稻的(de)(de)灌溉水(shui)(shui)源來自白龜湖(hu)(hu),這里(li)是國家二級飲用(yong)水(shui)(shui)源,湖(hu)(hu)水(shui)(shui)發源于伏牛山脈腹地(di)沙河,其(qi)水(shui)(shui)質含有豐富(fu)的(de)(de)礦(kuang)物質和微量(liang)元素。
曹鎮大米采用(yong)無土栽培基質(zhi)(zhi)育秧,施用(yong)有機(ji)生物肥。豐裕(yu)公司采用(yong)生物滅蟲、人(ren)工除草、音樂促(cu)長,并按照綠色(se)食品(pin)(pin)種植的(de)特殊要求,從(cong)整地、育秧、插秧、田(tian)間管(guan)理、病蟲害防治到(dao)收割(ge)、運輸、儲存、加工、庫房管(guan)理等各個環節嚴格按照技術操作規(gui)程(cheng),建立了產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安全追溯體系,真(zhen)正實現了從(cong)農(nong)田(tian)到(dao)餐桌(zhuo)全程(cheng)產品(pin)(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)安全控制。
二.自然生態環境和人文歷史因素
2.1土(tu)壤(rang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)情況(kuang) 平(ping)頂(ding)山(shan)(shan)(shan)市湛河(he)區地(di)(di)處(chu)伏(fu)牛山(shan)(shan)(shan)、外方(fang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)余脈與黃淮平(ping)原交接地(di)(di)帶,地(di)(di)勢西高東(dong)(dong)低,呈梯度分(fen)布(bu)。淮河(he)上游(you)重要(yao)的(de)支(zhi)流---沙河(he)發(fa)源于(yu)此,并從曹鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)北(bei)(bei)部自(zi)西向東(dong)(dong)穿(chuan)過(guo)。1958年(nian)響應毛主席一(yi)定要(yao)把淮河(he)治(zhi)好的(de)號召,在曹鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)的(de)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)和(he)北(bei)(bei)部修筑(zhu)了新中國淮河(he)上游(you)的(de)二座(zuo)大型水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)白龜(gui)(gui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku),從此曹鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)真正成了可(ke)與江(jiang)南媲美的(de)魚米之鄉(xiang)。曹鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)地(di)(di)貌(mao)(mao)屬(shu)于(yu)沖積平(ping)原,地(di)(di)勢平(ping)坦,海拔 92---110m之間。土(tu)壤(rang)類型為(wei)褐化兩(liang)(liang)合(he)土(tu),有(you)(you)(you)機質平(ping)均含量(liang)(liang)1.36%、水(shui)解氮平(ping)均值70ppm、速效(xiao)磷平(ping)均值12.6ppm、速效(xiao)鉀127.855ppm,土(tu)層深厚(hou),通透性(xing)好,無(wu)污染源,非常適(shi)合(he)水(shui)稻生長。 2.2水(shui)文情況(kuang) 該區域(yu)地(di)(di)表水(shui)有(you)(you)(you)自(zi)然降(jiang)水(shui)和(he)入(ru)境(jing)(jing)水(shui)兩(liang)(liang)部分(fen)。年(nian)均總(zong)量(liang)(liang)共(gong)96052萬(wan)m3,偏(pian)枯(ku)年(nian)為(wei)53697萬(wan)m3。地(di)(di)下(xia)水(shui)由自(zi)然降(jiang)水(shui),自(zi)流灌溉回歸水(shui),河(he)流側滲(shen)及白龜(gui)(gui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)滲(shen)漏等組成,可(ke)利用水(shui)資源總(zong)量(liang)(liang)接近30萬(wan)m2。境(jing)(jing)內(nei)南有(you)(you)(you)大泥河(he)與白龜(gui)(gui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)干渠穿(chuan)境(jing)(jing)而過(guo),北(bei)(bei)靠(kao)白龜(gui)(gui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku),其(qi)中白龜(gui)(gui)山(shan)(shan)(shan)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)東(dong)(dong)西長15.5Km,南北(bei)(bei)寬(kuan)4.2Km,占(zhan)地(di)(di)近70Km2,庫(ku)(ku)容量(liang)(liang)6.49億m3 ,有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)灌溉面積3.3萬(wan)hm2,整個曹鎮(zhen)(zhen)鄉(xiang)都在其(qi)灌區覆蓋(gai)內(nei)。 2.3氣(qi)候情況(kuang) 氣(qi)候屬(shu)暖(nuan)溫(wen)帶大陸季風氣(qi)候。主要(yao)特(te)點是:光能充裕,熱量(liang)(liang)豐富,無(wu)霜期(qi)長,水(shui)熱同期(qi)。境(jing)(jing)內(nei)冬(dong)春季多(duo)(duo)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)風和(he)偏(pian)東(dong)(dong)風,夏季多(duo)(duo)偏(pian)東(dong)(dong)風,秋季多(duo)(duo)為(wei)東(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)風和(he)偏(pian)西風,冬(dong)季以(yi)偏(pian)北(bei)(bei)風為(wei)主。年(nian)平(ping)均氣(qi)溫(wen)14.9℃,極端最高氣(qi)溫(wen)43.7℃,最低-17.8℃。年(nian)平(ping)均降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)678.6mm。7—9月份的(de)降(jiang)水(shui)量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)全(quan)年(nian)的(de)70%左右。高溫(wen)期(qi)與多(duo)(duo)雨(yu)期(qi)同步,十分(fen)有(you)(you)(you)利于(yu)水(shui)稻生長。境(jing)(jing)內(nei)多(duo)(duo)年(nian)平(ping)均日照時(shi)數有(you)(you)(you)2231.2小(xiao)時(shi),年(nian)平(ping)均日照率是50%,年(nian)最多(duo)(duo)日照時(shi)數為(wei)2490小(xiao)時(shi),最少日照時(shi)數為(wei)2059小(xiao)時(shi)。
三.地域范圍
“曹鎮(zhen)大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)”以平頂(ding)山市湛河(he)區(qu)曹鎮(zhen)鄉大(da)(da)(da)黃莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)為(wei)核心,以白龜山干渠、大(da)(da)(da)泥河(he)兩側為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)線,主(zhu)(zhu)要涉及(ji)銀王、潘(pan)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、陶(tao)寨、邢鋪、褚莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、灣李(li)、溝劉、王莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、肖莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、李(li)莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、焦莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、朱(zhu)堂、齊莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、秦莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、曹東(dong)、曹西(xi)、曹北、關莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、謝莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、楊西(xi)、連莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、大(da)(da)(da)黃莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、蘇莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、齊務、宋寨、吉村(cun)(cun)、彭莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、河(he)岸李(li)、曹坑、泥河(he)、李(li)三莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、趙莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、張莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)、五虎劉、杜莊(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)等(deng)35個行(xing)政村(cun)(cun),北鄰白龜湖,南(nan)接葉縣任店鎮(zhen),西(xi)與魯(lu)山縣的張官營和(he)滾子營相鄰。地理坐(zuo)標位于東(dong)經(jing)113°09′至(zhi)113°15′,北緯33°42′至(zhi)33°59′,東(dong)西(xi)長15 Km,南(nan)北長4.3Km,適宜種植面積 3500 hm2,年產大(da)(da)(da)米(mi)(mi)20000噸左右。
四.產品品質特性特征
4.1外在(zai)感官特征 質(zhi)地堅硬,色澤微黃略透明(ming),米(mi)(mi)(mi)飯筋道,米(mi)(mi)(mi)粥(zhou)黏糯(nuo),香(xiang)氣濃郁,回味(wei)微甜。 4.2內(nei)(nei)在(zai)品質(zhi)指標 經農業部農產品質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)督檢(jian)驗測試中心(鄭州)檢(jian)驗,“曹鎮大米(mi)(mi)(mi)”粗淀(dian)粉含量(liang)為(wei)87.9%-88.37 %,高于(yu)普通大米(mi)(mi)(mi)(62%-86%),直(zhi)鏈淀(dian)粉含量(liang)為(wei)17.6%-19.8%(最(zui)適(shi)(shi)(shi)值17%-25%),蛋(dan)白質(zhi)含量(liang)為(wei)(7.71- 7.8)g/100g(最(zui)適(shi)(shi)(shi)值6-9),均在(zai)最(zui)適(shi)(shi)(shi)范圍內(nei)(nei),膠稠度為(wei)82-90mm,略低于(yu)最(zui)適(shi)(shi)(shi)值(90mm),總體品質(zhi)上佳。 4.3安(an)(an)全要求 稻(dao)生(sheng)產和加(jia)工過程(cheng)嚴格按照綠色食(shi)品生(sheng)產加(jia)工技術標準(zhun)進行,禁(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使用未依法(fa)登記和國(guo)家明(ming)令禁(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)使用的農業投(tou)入品,推行標準(zhun)化生(sheng)產,切實保障質(zhi)量(liang)安(an)(an)全。
五.特定生產方式
3.1產地選擇(ze)(ze) 選擇(ze)(ze)土壤(rang)耕(geng)層深(shen)厚、肥(fei)(fei)沃(wo)、通(tong)透性(xing)(xing)良好(hao),土壤(rang)中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)偏酸、有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)含量(liang)高,具(ju)有(you)較好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保肥(fei)(fei)能力(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沙壤(rang)土,產地環境質(zhi)量(liang)符合《綠色食品產地環境技術條(tiao)件》的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。 3.2品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)選擇(ze)(ze) “曹鎮大米”主(zhu)栽(zai)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)應選擇(ze)(ze)適(shi)合當(dang)(dang)地環境條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優質(zhi)、抗病(bing)(bing)且(qie)通(tong)過省級農(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)(wu)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)審定委員會審(認)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),如:黃(huang)金(jin)晴、新(xin)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)18等(deng)。不(bu)得使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)未(wei)經審定和(he)轉基(ji)因品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3 生(sheng)(sheng)產過程(cheng)管(guan)理 3.3.1培(pei)育(yu)壯苗(miao)(miao) 3.3.1.1種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子處理 播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)前先曬(shai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2-3天(tian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)1%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石灰水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)24小時(shi)(shi)(shi)。撈出(chu)后(hou)(hou)放(fang)(fang)在30℃清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)泡種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)2-3天(tian),沖(chong)洗干(gan)(gan)凈,裹入麻袋(或(huo)(huo)(huo) 其他(ta)保溫材料),放(fang)(fang)在朝陽處24h,破胸(xiong)露白時(shi)(shi)(shi)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3.2 整地做床 3.3.2.1 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)選擇(ze)(ze) 選背風(feng)向陽、地勢平(ping)坦(tan)、地力(li)肥(fei)(fei)沃(wo)、灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 方(fang)便的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旱田(tian)(tian)(tian)或(huo)(huo)(huo)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)田(tian)(tian)(tian)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao),提(ti)倡穴(xue)(xue)(xue)盤(pan)(pan)基(ji)質(zhi)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)。 3.3.2.2 整地做床 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)深(shen)翻(fan)旋(xuan)耕(geng)除凈殘茬、找(zhao)平(ping)后(hou)(hou)做寬1.8m,床長(chang)10-15m,步道溝(gou)40cm,的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)苗(miao)(miao)床,反復(fu)平(ping)整床面(mian)。 3.3.3 播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong) 常規育(yu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)10~12日播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)667㎡40kg;穴(xue)(xue)(xue)盤(pan)(pan)育(yu)苗(miao)(miao)按每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)大田(tian)(tian)(tian)30盤(pan)(pan)、每(mei)(mei)盤(pan)(pan)130克-140k用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),每(mei)(mei)畝(mu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)重量(liang)3.5~4kg。 3.3.4 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)管(guan)理 播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)澆足底水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),出(chu)苗(miao)(miao)前不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)澆水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),當(dang)(dang)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)青頭時(shi)(shi)(shi),補澆一次水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),苗(miao)(miao)期(qi)不(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)追肥(fei)(fei)。 3.3.5 大田(tian)(tian)(tian)管(guan)理 3.3.5.1 整地 前茬收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)后(hou)(hou),要(yao)(yao)(yao)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)滅茬,趁墑耕(geng)翻(fan),放(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泡田(tian)(tian)(tian)。 3.3.5.2 施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei) 提(ti)倡測土配(pei)(pei)方(fang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)肥(fei)(fei),注意有(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)、無(wu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)結(jie)合,氮、磷、鉀(jia)配(pei)(pei)合施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)每(mei)(mei)667㎡施(shi)(shi)(shi)入優質(zhi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)家肥(fei)(fei)3?以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上,純(chun)氮12㎏~15㎏,純(chun)磷6.5㎏~7㎏,純(chun)鉀(jia)12㎏~15㎏,硫(liu)酸鋅1㎏~2㎏。其中(zhong)氮肥(fei)(fei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)50%~70%作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)面(mian)肥(fei)(fei),20%~30%作(zuo)(zuo)分(fen)(fen)蘗肥(fei)(fei),10%~20%作(zuo)(zuo)穗(sui)肥(fei)(fei);磷肥(fei)(fei)全部(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)基(ji)肥(fei)(fei)施(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong);鉀(jia)肥(fei)(fei)基(ji)、蘗肥(fei)(fei)各(ge)占50%。 3.3.5.3 插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang) 機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang),適(shi)宜(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)為6月(yue)(yue)(yue)8~12日,要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)3.5~4.5片葉;人工常規插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang),時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)為6月(yue)(yue)(yue)13~18日,要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)5.5~7.5片葉。人工插(cha)秧(yang)(yang)(yang),行穴(xue)(xue)(xue)距(ju)33.3×13.3㎝,每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)3~4苗(miao)(miao),基(ji)本(ben)苗(miao)(miao)4.5~6萬苗(miao)(miao);機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械栽(zai)插(cha),行穴(xue)(xue)(xue)距(ju)20×16.7㎝,每(mei)(mei)667㎡2萬穴(xue)(xue)(xue),每(mei)(mei)穴(xue)(xue)(xue)5苗(miao)(miao)~6苗(miao)(miao),基(ji)本(ben)苗(miao)(miao)10萬苗(miao)(miao)~12萬苗(miao)(miao)。總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)是要(yao)(yao)(yao)淺(qian)(qian)插(cha)、勻(yun)插(cha),深(shen)度1㎝~2㎝。 3.3.5.4 灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 秧(yang)(yang)(yang)苗(miao)(miao)返青時(shi)(shi)(shi)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)深(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)護秧(yang)(yang)(yang),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)3cm~5㎝,但不(bu)淹心;分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)淺(qian)(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),在有(you)效分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)內(nei)(nei)淺(qian)(qian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)勤灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)深(shen)1cm~2㎝);無(wu)效分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi),及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)曬(shai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)。孕(yun)穗(sui)揚花期(qi)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)3㎝以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)深(shen)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)且(qie)不(bu)能斷水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui);齊穗(sui)后(hou)(hou)“干(gan)(gan)干(gan)(gan)濕(shi)濕(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)濕(shi)為主(zhu)” ,后(hou)(hou)期(qi)“干(gan)(gan)干(gan)(gan)濕(shi)濕(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)干(gan)(gan)為主(zhu)”。收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)前7d及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。 3.3.6 有(you)害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)控(kong)治技術 3.3.6.1農(nong)(nong)(nong)業(ye)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治 選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)抗性(xing)(xing)強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),定期(qi)輪換,保持品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)抗性(xing)(xing),減(jian)(jian)輕病(bing)(bing)蟲害(hai)(hai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)合理耕(geng)作(zuo)(zuo)制(zhi)度、輪作(zuo)(zuo)換茬、種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)養(稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)鴨、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)魚、稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)蟹等(deng))結(jie)合、健(jian)身栽(zai)培(pei)等(deng)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藝(yi)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi),減(jian)(jian)少有(you)害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。 3.3.6.2 生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治 選擇(ze)(ze)對(dui)(dui)天(tian)敵(di)(di)殺(sha)傷力(li)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)、低(di)毒性(xing)(xing)代學農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao),避(bi)開自(zi)然(ran)天(tian)敵(di)(di)對(dui)(dui)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)感時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi),創(chuang)造適(shi)宜(yi)自(zi)然(ran)天(tian)敵(di)(di)繁殖的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環境,保護天(tian)敵(di)(di);利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)釋(shi)放(fang)(fang)天(tian)敵(di)(di)控(kong)制(zhi)有(you)害(hai)(hai)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)。 3.3.6.3 物(wu)(wu)理防(fang)(fang)(fang)治 采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)黑光(guang)燈(deng)(deng)、震頻式殺(sha)蟲燈(deng)(deng)、色光(guang)板等(deng)物(wu)(wu)理裝置(zhi)誘殺(sha)鱗翅(chi)目、同翅(chi)目害(hai)(hai)蟲。 3.3.6.4 藥(yao)(yao)(yao)劑(ji)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治 3.3.6.4.1 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing) 當(dang)(dang)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟病(bing)(bing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心病(bing)(bing)團出(chu)現時(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)三環唑20g~25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)瘟靈32g~40g噴(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)治。 3.3.6.4.2 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)紋枯(ku)病(bing)(bing) 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)分(fen)(fen)蘗至孕(yun)穗(sui)期(qi)、抽穗(sui)期(qi),當(dang)(dang)分(fen)(fen)蘗期(qi)叢(cong)發(fa)病(bing)(bing)率在15%~20%、孕(yun)穗(sui)期(qi)30%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上時(shi)(shi)(shi),每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)井崗霉(mei)素10g~ 12.5g或(huo)(huo)(huo)苯(ben)甲(jia)丙環唑4.5g~8g加水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50 kg噴(pen)霧1次~2次,低(di)于此指標可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)農(nong)(nong)(nong)藥(yao)(yao)(yao)。 3.3.6.4.3 惡(e)苗(miao)(miao)病(bing)(bing) 5%咪鮮胺2000~4000倍(bei)液(ye)或(huo)(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)10%二硫(liu)氰基(ji)甲(jia)烷乳(ru)油3000~5000倍(bei)液(ye),浸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)48h~72h,瀝(li)干(gan)(gan)后(hou)(hou)催芽播種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。 3.3.6.4.4二化螟 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)苗(miao)(miao)枯(ku)鞘(qiao)從率5%~8%,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)氯蟲苯(ben)甲(jia)酰胺2g~4g或(huo)(huo)(huo)氯蟲?噻(sai)蟲嗪3.2g~4g或(huo)(huo)(huo)三唑磷24g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧。 3.3.6.4.5 稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)飛虱 百叢(cong)蟲量(liang)達1 500頭~2 000頭,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噻(sai)嗪酮7g~10g或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)(bi)(bi)蚜酮5g~7.5g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg,針對(dui)(dui)稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)株中(zhong)下部(bu)噴(pen)霧。 3.3.6.4.6稻(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)薊馬 苗(miao)(miao)期(qi)出(chu)現葉尖卷曲率在10%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上、百株蟲量(liang)300頭~500頭以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上時(shi)(shi)(shi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)吡(bi)(bi)(bi)蟲啉2g~3g或(huo)(huo)(huo)吡(bi)(bi)(bi)蚜酮5g~7.5g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)50kg噴(pen)霧。 3.3.6.4.7雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治 種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)后(hou)(hou)7d~10d,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)丁草(cao)(cao)(cao)胺30g或(huo)(huo)(huo)芐(xia)嘧磺(huang)隆1.5g~2g兌(dui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)30kg噴(pen)霧防(fang)(fang)(fang)止秧(yang)(yang)(yang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)雜草(cao)(cao)(cao)。移栽(zai)后(hou)(hou)5d~10 d,每(mei)(mei)667 m2用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)吡(bi)(bi)(bi)嘧磺(huang)隆6.25g或(huo)(huo)(huo)田(tian)(tian)(tian)草(cao)(cao)(cao)光(guang)(芐(xia)嘧磺(huang)隆與(yu)(yu)丁草(cao)(cao)(cao)胺復(fu)配(pei)(pei)劑(ji))25g~30g拌化肥(fei)(fei)或(huo)(huo)(huo)細泥土30kg撒施(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)治。 3.4 收(shou)(shou)(shou)獲(huo)、運輸、貯(zhu)藏 當(dang)(dang)每(mei)(mei)穗(sui)谷粒(li)(li)穎(ying)殼95%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上變黃(huang)或(huo)(huo)(huo)95%以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上粒(li)(li)小穗(sui)軸及(ji)副護穎(ying)變黃(huang),米粒(li)(li)定于變硬,呈透明(ming)狀(zhuang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械采(cai)收(shou)(shou)(shou)。收(shou)(shou)(shou)后(hou)(hou)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)場內(nei)(nei)晾曬(shai)和(he)大型烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)相結(jie)合,運輸工具(ju)應清潔、干(gan)(gan)燥、有(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)雨設施(shi)(shi)(shi)。嚴(yan)禁(jin)與(yu)(yu)有(you)毒、有(you)害(hai)(hai)、有(you)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)、有(you)異味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品混運。貯(zhu)藏設施(shi)(shi)(shi)應清潔、干(gan)(gan)燥、通(tong)風(feng)、無(wu)蟲害(hai)(hai)和(he)鼠害(hai)(hai)。嚴(yan)禁(jin)與(yu)(yu)有(you)毒、有(you)害(hai)(hai)、有(you)腐(fu)蝕性(xing)(xing)、易(yi)發(fa)霉(mei)、發(fa)潮、有(you)異味的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品混存(cun)。 3.5生(sheng)(sheng)產檔案記錄 要(yao)(yao)(yao)建立田(tian)(tian)(tian)間(jian)技術檔案,對(dui)(dui)整個(ge)生(sheng)(sheng)產過程(cheng)全面(mian)記載,并妥善保存(cun),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)備查(cha)閱。
六.包裝標識相關規定
5.1分級(ji) “曹鎮(zhen)大米”分級(ji)嚴(yan)格(ge)按照《大米》(GB 1354-2009)執(zhi)行(xing)。 5.2 包(bao)裝(zhuang)標(biao)(biao)識 包(bao)裝(zhuang)主要采用(yong)袋式或箱式包(bao)裝(zhuang),包(bao)裝(zhuang)材料必須(xu)符合國(guo)家強制性技術規范要求(qiu)。產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)(you)(you)明確(que)標(biao)(biao)簽(qian),內容包(bao)括: 產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)名稱、商(shang)標(biao)(biao)、產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)(biao)準、生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)者及詳細地址(zhi)、凈含量及包(bao)裝(zhuang)日期,字跡清晰、完整(zheng)、準確(que)。 5.3 標(biao)(biao)識 “曹鎮(zhen)大米”劃定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)地域保護范圍(wei)內的(de)(de)(de)大米生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)經營者,在產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)或包(bao)裝(zhuang)上(shang)使用(yong)已獲登記(ji)保護的(de)(de)(de)“曹鎮(zhen)大米”農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi),須(xu)向“曹鎮(zhen)大米”登記(ji)證書持有(you)(you)(you)人提出(chu)申請,并按照相(xiang)關(guan)要求(qiu)規范使用(yong)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi),在其產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)包(bao)裝(zhuang)上(shang)統一使用(yong)”曹鎮(zhen)大米”和農(nong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)地理(li)標(biao)(biao)志(zhi)公共標(biao)(biao)識相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)識標(biao)(biao)注方(fang)法。 5.4 貯藏 在避光、常溫、干(gan)燥和有(you)(you)(you)防潮(chao)設施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)貯藏。貯藏設施(shi)應清潔、干(gan)燥、通風,無蟲害和鼠害。嚴(yan)禁與有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)(you)腐蝕性、易發霉、發潮(chao)、有(you)(you)(you)異味的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)混存。若進行(xing)倉(cang)庫消(xiao)毒(du)、熏蒸處(chu)理(li)所用(yong)藥劑應符合國(guo)家有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)食(shi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)衛(wei)生(sheng)安全的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。 5.5 運(yun)輸 運(yun)輸工具應清潔、干(gan)燥、衛(wei)生(sheng)、無異味、無污染,運(yun)輸過程中(zhong)應防止(zhi)日曬、雨淋,通風散熱工作(zuo),嚴(yan)禁與有(you)(you)(you)毒(du)、有(you)(you)(you)害、有(you)(you)(you)異味、易污染的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)品(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)混裝(zhuang)、混運(yun)。