碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),位于(yu)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市中(zhong)原(yuan)區,東臨鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)炮兵學院,西(xi)至嵩山路(lu)(lu),南(nan)至中(zhong)原(yuan)路(lu)(lu),北(bei)至建設路(lu)(lu)。面積大(da)約(yue)有400畝(mu)。在中(zhong)原(yuan)路(lu)(lu)有南(nan)門,在嵩山路(lu)(lu)有西(xi)門,在建設路(lu)(lu)有北(bei)門,北(bei)門和西(xi)門是(shi)主門。碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市市區內(nei)(nei)的三大(da)著名公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之一(yi)(yi)(另外兩個(ge)分別是(shi):鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市人民公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市紫荊山公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)),也是(shi)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市建園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)歷史(shi)最(zui)悠久的公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市市區內(nei)(nei)的三大(da)著名公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)之一(yi)(yi),也是(shi)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市建園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)歷史(shi)比較悠久的公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)位于(yu)鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市中(zhong)原(yuan)區,面積大(da)約(yue)有400畝(mu)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)集文化、娛(yu)樂、休(xiu)閑、園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)林觀賞為一(yi)(yi)體,每年接(jie)待游(you)客約(yue)200萬人。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)綠化覆蓋率(lv)己達94.3%,建有牡丹園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、木蘭園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)、沉香園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等特色園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)區5個(ge),樹木品種(zhong)200多個(ge)。園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)(nei)還建有盆景(jing)苑、電影室、溜冰場、宇宙(zhou)飛船(chuan)、兒童樂園(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),成(cheng)為鄭(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)州(zhou)市民休(xiu)憩、游(you)玩的好去處為游(you)覽娛(yu)樂的好去處。
碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)園作為中(zhong)國近代(dai)革命歷史遺(yi)跡,園內文物(wu)保(bao)存完(wan)好,中(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)園、烈士(shi)祠、紀(ji)念碑(bei)亭作為歷史的見證(zheng),每年都有數十所大中(zhong)專院校的學生來(lai)園進行憑吊,懷念革命烈士(shi)。1991年6月(yue)28日,聶榮(rong)臻元(yuan)帥為新(xin)建紀(ji)念碑(bei)題詞“北伐陣亡將(jiang)士(shi)永垂不朽”。2008年7月(yue)份碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)園被命名為“愛(ai)國主義教育(yu)基地”。
經過(guo)幾十年(nian)來的(de)建(jian)設,公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)集文化、娛樂、休閑(xian)、園(yuan)(yuan)林觀賞為一(yi)(yi)體,每年(nian)接待游客約200萬人(ren)。公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)綠化覆(fu)蓋率己達94.3%,建(jian)有牡丹園(yuan)(yuan)、木蘭園(yuan)(yuan)、沉香(xiang)園(yuan)(yuan)等特色園(yuan)(yuan)區5個,樹木品種200多個。此外,園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)還修建(jian)了熱帶(dai)魚展覽館(guan)、盆景(jing)苑、電(dian)影(ying)室、溜冰場、宇宙(zhou)飛船(chuan)、兒童樂園(yuan)(yuan),錯落(luo)有致。碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)功能完備、特色突出,四(si)季有花、景(jing)色宜人(ren),時(shi)逢(feng)節(jie)假日,這里更是游人(ren)如(ru)(ru)織,熱鬧非(fei)常,已(yi)成(cheng)為鄭州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)民休憩、游玩的(de)好(hao)去處(chu)為游覽娛樂的(de)好(hao)去處(chu)。如(ru)(ru)今的(de)碧沙(sha)崗(gang)商埠林立,已(yi)成(cheng)為鄭州(zhou)(zhou)三(san)大商圈(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。鄭州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)碧沙(sha)崗(gang)公(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)還是鄭州(zhou)(zhou)市(shi)(shi)建(jian)成(cheng)的(de)9處(chu)地震應(ying)急避(bi)難場所(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。
軌道
可乘坐鄭州地鐵1號線(xian)碧沙崗站B口下,往正東方向出發走(zou)580米即到碧沙崗公(gong)園北門(men)。
公車
可乘(cheng)坐1路(lu)(lu), 9路(lu)(lu), 46路(lu)(lu), 49路(lu)(lu), 84路(lu)(lu), 99路(lu)(lu), 103路(lu)(lu), 273路(lu)(lu), 281路(lu)(lu), 288路(lu)(lu), b11路(lu)(lu)等(deng)公交車(che)到達。
馮玉(yu)祥(xiang)為(wei)紀(ji)念北伐國民(min)(min)革命(ming)軍(jun)第二集團軍(jun)陣亡將(jiang)士(shi),先后撥(bo)款20萬元(yuan),責成(cheng)交(jiao)通(tong)司(si)令許驤云建造(zao)北伐陣亡將(jiang)士(shi)墓地(di)(di)(di)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)當時鄭州以(yi)西4公里(li)處,有一(yi)個(ge)(ge)黃土崗,系(xi)梅山由(you)西南向東北延伸的(de)端,當地(di)(di)(di)人叫(jiao)它(ta)白沙崗。這里(li)常年風沙彌漫,形成(cheng)高(gao)低起伏的(de)沙丘。因為(wei)種不(bu)成(cheng)莊稼(jia),附近村民(min)(min)只是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)崗上種上樹木防風固沙。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這里(li)建墓地(di)(di)(di),不(bu)占用老百姓的(de)耕地(di)(di)(di),正合馮將(jiang)軍(jun)的(de)心意。于是(shi)許驤云在(zai)(zai)(zai)此一(yi)次購地(di)(di)(di)400畝,用于建造(zao)陵(ling)(ling)園。1928年3月(yue)(yue)陵(ling)(ling)園動(dong)工,當年8月(yue)(yue)竣工。馮玉(yu)祥(xiang)取“碧(bi)(bi)血(xue)(xue)丹(dan)心,血(xue)(xue)殷(yin)黃沙”之意,將(jiang)陵(ling)(ling)園命(ming)名(ming)為(wei)“碧(bi)(bi)沙崗”馮玉(yu)祥(xiang)親筆題名(ming)“碧(bi)(bi)沙崗”,并以(yi)石(shi)雕刻、嵌(qian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)北門(men)之上。陵(ling)(ling)園內還修有紀(ji)念亭(ting),亭(ting)中央立有一(yi)塊漢(han)白玉(yu)石(shi)碑(bei),正面刻著“碧(bi)(bi)血(xue)(xue)丹(dan)心”4個(ge)(ge)大(da)字(zi),是(shi)馮玉(yu)祥(xiang)將(jiang)軍(jun)親筆所(suo)書。石(shi)碑(bei)背面刻的(de)是(shi)馮玉(yu)祥(xiang)將(jiang)軍(jun)撰寫(xie)的(de)《陣亡烈士(shi)紀(ji)念碑(bei)碑(bei)文》。《陣亡將(jiang)士(shi)紀(ji)念碑(bei)碑(bei)文》:“冒白刃(ren),涂肝腦……凡(fan)我中華(hua)民(min)(min)族,靡不(bu)引為(wei)大(da)恥,此恥一(yi)日(ri)不(bu)雪(xue),恐(kong)先烈之靈一(yi)日(ri)不(bu)安……”碑(bei)文樸實無華(hua),力透(tou)紙背,今日(ri)讀來(lai),仍然(ran)擲(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)有聲(sheng),讓人熱血(xue)(xue)沸(fei)騰。
陵園建成的(de)時候,北面(mian)的(de)大(da)(da)門(men)有(you)(you)3個,城堡式一(yi)字排開。中(zhong)間正(zheng)門(men)巍(wei)峨雄偉,門(men)頭(tou)正(zheng)面(mian)有(you)(you)石刻的(de)“碧沙崗”三個金字,左(zuo)下(xia)角是(shi)“總司(si)令馮玉(yu)祥題”的(de)字樣。大(da)(da)門(men)北鄰鄭(zheng)洛大(da)(da)路,在路北還有(you)(you)3面(mian)照壁(bi),上(shang)寫“國土至(zhi)上(shang),民族至(zhi)上(shang)”、“力(li)量集中(zhong),意志集中(zhong)”等標語。后(hou)來,這些標語隨(sui)著政(zheng)治(zhi)形勢的(de)不斷(duan)改變而(er)改變。
碧沙崗北(bei)伐陣亡將(jiang)士(shi)墓(mu)(mu)地建成(cheng)之時由4部分組成(cheng)。陵園中部是烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)祠(ci)(ci),分南北(bei)兩(liang)殿,紅墻綠瓦(wa),氣象莊嚴。烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)祠(ci)(ci)里(li)懸掛著各種紀念(nian)的匾額,存放著刻有烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)姓名(ming)的銅(tong)牌(pai)和記載烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)功績的金(jin)冊、碑記等。祠(ci)(ci)堂之前是中山公(gong)(gong)園,由民(min)族(zu)、民(min)權(quan)、民(min)生(sheng)3座亭子(zi)以(yi)及水池和石橋組成(cheng)。祠(ci)(ci)堂后面是開闊的烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)公(gong)(gong)墓(mu)(mu),每墓(mu)(mu)間隔兩(liang)米(mi),縱橫成(cheng)列。烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)公(gong)(gong)墓(mu)(mu)的東南是民(min)生(sheng)公(gong)(gong)墓(mu)(mu),安葬著官兵的眷屬。烈(lie)(lie)士(shi)公(gong)(gong)墓(mu)(mu)與民(min)生(sheng)公(gong)(gong)墓(mu)(mu)之間設(she)界石相隔。
如(ru)今我們看到的碧沙崗公(gong)園北大門是1979年(nian)重(zhong)建的。
1956年,鄭州市人民(min)政(zheng)府(fu)將(jiang)陵(ling)園(yuan)改(gai)建為碧沙崗公園(yuan),1957年5月1日,碧沙崗公園(yuan)正式向游(you)人開放。
“文化大(da)革命(ming)”時,按照有(you)關部門(men)(men)的(de)(de)要(yao)求,鄭州(zhou)市的(de)(de)金水區(qu)、二(er)七區(qu)、中原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu)要(yao)各有(you)一(yi)個(ge)公園(yuan)。當時嵩山(shan)路以西是(shi)(shi)(shi)中原(yuan)(yuan)區(qu),沒有(you)公園(yuan),就把碧(bi)(bi)沙崗(gang)劃了過去,改名(ming)為(wei)“勞(lao)動公園(yuan)”(1966年10月(yue)-1980年11月(yue))。值得一(yi)提的(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi),“勞(lao)動公園(yuan)”4個(ge)字(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)郭沫若老(lao)先生親(qin)筆題(ti)寫(xie)的(de)(de)。“文化大(da)革命(ming)”以后,碧(bi)(bi)沙崗(gang)公園(yuan)重修了大(da)門(men)(men),又恢復了原(yuan)(yuan)來(lai)的(de)(de)名(ming)字(zi)。據傳郭沫若題(ti)寫(xie)的(de)(de)“勞(lao)動公園(yuan)”的(de)(de)牌匾如今還在鄭州(zhou),被一(yi)個(ge)“近(jin)水樓臺先得月(yue)”的(de)(de)人收藏(zang)起來(lai)了。1986年,碧(bi)(bi)沙崗(gang)陵(ling)園(yuan)被河南省定為(wei)省級(ji)文物保(bao)護單位,因為(wei)她是(shi)(shi)(shi)全國保(bao)存下來(lai)的(de)(de)面積大(da)、保(bao)存比較完好的(de)(de)一(yi)處北(bei)伐陣(zhen)亡將士的(de)(de)烈士陵(ling)園(yuan)。