“南龍(long)王廟”,因其(qi)位(wei)于當初包頭鎮東南隅而得名,坐落(luo)在城(cheng)內東南菜(cai)園(yuan)附近(jin)。作(zuo)為老包頭較早修建(jian)(jian)的(de)廟宇之(zhi)一(yi),這里是當時農(nong)民為祭祀(si)龍(long)王、祈(qi)求(qiu)心愿而建(jian)(jian)。
相傳很久以(yi)前,少女金鳳(feng)在挖(wa)野菜(cai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)途中(zhong)(zhong)拾到(dao)一(yi)(yi)顆紅果子,食用后(hou)(hou)竟(jing)然懷孕了,后(hou)(hou)生(sheng)下一(yi)(yi)子。令(ling)人(ren)更奇怪的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)男(nan)孩(hai)出生(sheng)時(shi)頭(tou)上長(chang)(chang)著個小角,金鳳(feng)給(gei)他(ta)取名“玉龍(long)(long)”。玉龍(long)(long)長(chang)(chang)到(dao)十幾(ji)歲時(shi),連續三年大旱,使得菜(cai)園附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)農民走投無路,只能背井離鄉。“玉龍(long)(long)”見(jian)狀,騰云(yun)而去變為一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)小金龍(long)(long),為當地百(bai)姓降下雨水。后(hou)(hou)人(ren)為紀(ji)念這(zhe)條(tiao)善良的(de)(de)(de)(de)玉龍(long)(long)和(he)他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)媽(ma)媽(ma),于是(shi)便(bian)在城南他(ta)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)家中(zhong)(zhong)蓋起一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)龍(long)(long)王廟。
南(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟的(de)建(jian)廟時間(jian)(jian)可以推算到明后期阿(a)勒坦汗時代,康(kang)熙(xi)年(nian)間(jian)(jian)修廟,后又經過多(duo)次重修。曾(ceng)存清康(kang)熙(xi)五(wu)年(nian)補修匾額,乾隆年(nian)間(jian)(jian)有正(zheng)殿三(san)門(men),東西(xi)(xi)寮房各五(wu)間(jian)(jian),建(jian)山(shan)門(men)、鐘(zhong)鼓樓等,主供廣(guang)濟龍(long)王(wang)。南(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟一帶因緊貼東河,山(shan)西(xi)(xi)晉商走西(xi)(xi)口因此(ci)地水源較足(zu)而在此(ci)繁衍生息,為山(shan)西(xi)(xi)晉商發源之地。各行各業(ye)的(de)商人也都在廟內供奉自己(ji)的(de)行業(ye)祖師,如(ru)染布業(ye)的(de)祖師梅(mei)葛二仙,醫(yi)藥(yao)業(ye)的(de)祖師軒轅黃帝(di),建(jian)筑業(ye)的(de)祖師魯班等等,使得(de)南(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟的(de)信仰更加豐富多(duo)彩,民眾和諧康(kang)泰(tai)。
四百多年的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)風(feng)雨雨,南(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟度過了歷(li)史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)滄桑洗(xi)禮。如今(jin)國運昌(chang)隆,宗教信(xin)(xin)仰得到落實,為了滿足群眾的(de)(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)教需求,南(nan)龍(long)王(wang)廟重(zhong)(zhong)新恢(hui)復(fu)(fu),設想(xiang)以歷(li)史(shi)原(yuan)貌恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)道教宗教活(huo)動。祈愿在新的(de)(de)(de)時代(dai),龍(long)的(de)(de)(de)精神能(neng)夠遍及九州,龍(long)的(de)(de)(de)傳人能(neng)夠將祖先的(de)(de)(de)文明發揚光(guang)大。重(zhong)(zhong)振(zhen)晉商精神,讓老(lao)包頭的(de)(de)(de)靈魂再(zai)次升騰。
老包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)有一(yi)條“南龍(long)王廟(miao)巷”,因巷頭(tou)(tou)東側建(jian)有龍(long)王廟(miao)而(er)得名。這座龍(long)王廟(miao),就是老包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)的(de)(de)第一(yi)座寺廟(miao)。南龍(long)王廟(miao)是包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)較(jiao)早(zao)(zao)修建(jian)的(de)(de)廟(miao)宇,是較(jiao)早(zao)(zao)來(lai)到包(bao)頭(tou)(tou)地界定居的(de)(de)農牧民為(wei)祭祀龍(long)王而(er)修建(jian)的(de)(de)。祈求龍(long)王降雨是早(zao)(zao)年百姓的(de)(de)共同(tong)心愿,龍(long)王也(ye)是古代自然崇拜(bai)中產(chan)生的(de)(de)氣象神。傳說龍(long)王本領(ling)非凡,能(neng)采雨露之精,能(neng)大能(neng)小,吸則渤海可枯,施則高原可沒……特別是佛教傳入中國以來(lai),龍(long)王信仰(yang)成(cheng)為(wei)民間的(de)(de)重要神靈之一(yi)。
南(nan)龍(long)王廟具體(ti)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)間不詳(xiang),它曾(ceng)經(jing)過多次重修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu),光緒元年(nian)(nian)(1875)所立修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)葺碑《小記》云:“鎮(zhen)(包頭鎮(zhen))之(zhi)東(dong)南(nan)隅,舊有(you)(you)龍(long)王廟一楹,系土默(mo)特蒙(meng)古所建(jian)(jian)(jian)。不知建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)何時(shi),有(you)(you)康(kang)熙五年(nian)(nian)補修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)匾額,越(yue)乾(qian)隆間,農(nong)(nong)民漸(jian)集(ji),益以禪房(fang)、山門、鐘鼓樂樓……”等語。據此(ci)可知,早在康(kang)熙五年(nian)(nian)(1666)之(zhi)前就已建(jian)(jian)(jian)廟。《碑文(wen)》還記載(zai) “新廟肇(zhao)(zhao)于(yu)康(kang)熙,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)于(yu)乾(qian)隆,迄(qi)今二百(bai)余(yu)年(nian)(nian)矣”。從這兩(liang)段碑文(wen)看,南(nan)龍(long)王廟應該(gai)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)康(kang)熙元年(nian)(nian)至康(kang)熙四(si)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)間,也就是1662年(nian)(nian)至1665年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)間。另有(you)(you)碑文(wen)記載(zai):太平之(zhi)世,五風十雨(yu)。是知萬物非(fei)雨(yu)不生,非(fei)風不暢。而農(nong)(nong)家之(zhi)資(zi)風雨(yu)為尤切。包鎮(zhen)舊有(you)(you)龍(long)王廟,為農(nong)(nong)民祈雨(yu)之(zhi)所,先輩建(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)于(yu)東(dong)南(nan)巽(xun)地,以主風神以降雨(yu),亦(yi)此(ci)意歟?然廟肇(zhao)(zhao)于(yu)康(kang)熙,修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)于(yu)乾(qian)隆,迄(qi)今二百(bai)余(yu)年(nian)(nian)矣。
造化日新,物極(ji)必(bi)變。園行(xing)久(jiu)欲(yu)重(zhong)建,而力不勝,因竭力醵貲(zi)千金(jin),付托公行(xing)。公行(xing)諸君(jun)子出其(qi)鼎力,慨然主成其(qi)事,插田基而拓(tuo)之增之……正殿五間,山(shan)門三間,禪堂香積,以及鐘(zhong)鼓樂(le)樓皆備焉。南龍王廟一帶因緊貼東河,水源較足(zu),約(yue)有數百畝頭等水澆(jiao)地(di),后來(lai)被山(shan)西祁縣(xian)喬家在(zai)包的復(fu)字號買斷,專門種植蔬菜(cai),后命名復(fu)盛園,建國后改名解(jie)放菜(cai)園。