芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)，是由(you)美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)縣巴(ba)普鎮俄普村(cun)一帶駐(zhu)地(di)彝民(min)族在特定的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態環境下和特殊的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活方式(shi)下飼(si)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)逐步培育形成的(de)(de)(de)。據2000多年前形成的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)彝族經典(dian)文獻《孜(zi)孜(zi)尼渣》中(zhong)記載的(de)(de)(de)美(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)彝族人(ren)民(min)在在祭祀神靈(ling)、祈求(qiu)平(ping)安的(de)(de)(de)儀(yi)式(shi)中(zhong)所(suo)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)物“癡布樹(shu)尼”就是指黑色公山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)，在山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)的(de)(de)(de)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)管理過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)只(zhi)能將(jiang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)關在圈(quan)里同豬一起喂(wei)養(yang)(yang)或將(jiang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)用(yong)繩索套牢牽(qian)至(zhi)耕地(di)附近(jin)進行拴牧和牽(qian)牧，由(you)此逐漸(jian)形成了以圈(quan)養(yang)(yang)為(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)生(sheng)產模(mo)式(shi)。由(you)于放牧場地(di)有限(xian)，每(mei)家每(mei)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)數(shu)量也有限(xian)，少量的(de)(de)(de)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)使農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)投入了更多的(de)(de)(de)精力，使當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)得到(dao)了精心的(de)(de)(de)飼(si)養(yang)(yang)，生(sheng)產性(xing)能不斷得到(dao)提高。

二.自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷史因素

（1）土(tu)(tu)壤地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌情(qing)況：美(mei)姑縣(xian)(xian)位(wei)于(yu)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)州(zhou)東北(bei)部，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處大(da)涼(liang)山(shan)(shan)腹(fu)心地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)帶，距(ju)州(zhou)府西昌171公里。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)處青藏高原(yuan)東南部的(de)(de)(de)橫斷山(shan)(shan)脈(mo)與四川(chuan)盆(pen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)西南邊緣交匯處，境內山(shan)(shan)巒起伏，河流縱橫，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢由(you)東北(bei)向西南傾斜(xie)，平(ping)均海拔2000米，最高海拔在(zai)大(da)風頂為4042米，最低處640米。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形以(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為主，丘(qiu)陵和平(ping)壩只占(zhan)(zhan)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)8%。土(tu)(tu)壤有(you)(you)17個土(tu)(tu)類，以(yi)(yi)黃棕壤、暗棕壤、紫色(se)土(tu)(tu)、草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸土(tu)(tu)為主。全縣(xian)(xian)天然(ran)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積193.35萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)。草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)共有(you)(you)8類：亞高山(shan)(shan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積44.53萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)23.03％；高寒(han)灌叢草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積10.79萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)5.58％；高寒(han)沼澤草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積0.27萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)0.14％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)疏林(lin)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積25.28萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)13.07％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)灌叢草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積25.27萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)13.07％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)叢草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積18.86萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)9.75％；山(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)甸草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積25.89萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)13.34％；農(nong)隙地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積42.46萬(wan)(wan)畝(mu)(mu)(mu)，占(zhan)(zhan)草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)總(zong)(zong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)21.96％。天然(ran)牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)主要(yao)有(you)(you)禾本(ben)科(ke)、莎草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)科(ke)、豆科(ke)、菊科(ke)；人(ren)工牧草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)主要(yao)種植白三葉(xie)(xie)、多年生 黑麥草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)、光葉(xie)(xie)紫花苕、紫花苜蓿(xu)、皇竹草(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)等。

（2）水(shui)(shui)文情況: 美姑(gu)山羊產(chan)地區域河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)為內陸(lu)河(he)(he)，全(quan)(quan)縣大小河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)和(he)溪溝159條，總長(chang)287公里(li)。東北部(bu)的瓦侯(hou)河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)馬邊河(he)(he)，屬岷江水(shui)(shui)系，河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)全(quan)(quan)長(chang)45公里(li)；美姑(gu)河(he)(he)(含下游溜筒河(he)(he))由北向南出境(jing)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)金(jin)沙江，境(jing)內干流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)總長(chang)142.5公里(li)。全(quan)(quan)縣河(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)年涇流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)量29億立方米，水(shui)(shui)資源豐富(fu)。

（3）氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候條件：境內(nei)山(shan)(shan)嶺(ling)連綿(mian)，異峰疊(die)起，大(da)(da)部份(fen)為(wei)高山(shan)(shan)谷地，最(zui)高海(hai)拔的(de)大(da)(da)風頂為(wei)4042米，最(zui)低海(hai)拔640米，海(hai)拔高差懸(xuan)殊很大(da)(da)，立體氣(qi)(qi)(qi)候明顯，四(si)季分明，年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)11.4℃，日溫(wen)差較大(da)(da)。常年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照充(chong)足(zu)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)日照1790.7小(xiao)時，雨(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)充(chong)沛，年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)降水量(liang)(liang)(liang)814.6毫米，但降水量(liang)(liang)(liang)北(bei)部多南部少，分布不均(jun)(jun)。冬(dong)季長達(da)135天，年(nian)(nian)(nian)均(jun)(jun)霜期125天。得(de)天獨厚的(de)自然(ran)環境孕(yun)育(yu)出(chu)了許許多多的(de)珍禽(qin)異獸，其中最(zui)具(ju)代表(biao)的(de)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)大(da)(da)熊貓具(ju)有性(xing)情溫(wen)順、繁殖率(lv)強(qiang)的(de)特(te)點，1974年(nian)(nian)(nian)送(song)往墨西(xi)哥的(de)雌性(xing)大(da)(da)熊貓在墨西(xi)哥首產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)活幼仔(zi)而轟動(dong)世界，1975年(nian)(nian)(nian)送(song)往成(cheng)都(dou)動(dong)物園(yuan)的(de)大(da)(da)熊貓“美(mei)(mei)美(mei)(mei)”連產(chan)(chan)7胎(tai)，成(cheng)為(wei)懷孕(yun)率(lv)、產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)率(lv)、產(chan)(chan)仔(zi)成(cheng)活率(lv)最(zui)高的(de)“英(ying)雄母親(qin)”，2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)送(song)往臺灣的(de)“團(tuan)團(tuan)”、“園(yuan)園(yuan)”的(de)祖藉也是美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)縣大(da)(da)風頂自然(ran)保護區。同時也孕(yun)育(yu)出(chu)了性(xing)情溫(wen)順、繁殖率(lv)高、屠宰(zai)率(lv)高、膽固醇含量(liang)(liang)(liang)低、肉質好(hao)的(de)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)山(shan)(shan)羊。

（4）人(ren)文歷史(shi)情(qing)況(kuang)：美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)直(zhi)接從(cong)奴隸社會跨入社會主(zhu)義社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)彝族聚居縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，在(zai)(zai)長(chang)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)中(zhong)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)彝族人(ren)民(min)(min)在(zai)(zai)婚喪嫁娶、畢摩(mo)法事、過(guo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)過(guo)節、走親(qin)訪(fang)友、招待貴(gui)(gui)客時(shi)必需宰殺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)牲畜(chu)，它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)位(wei)僅次于(yu)牛(niu)(niu)。由(you)(you)于(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)兼具了(le)(le)(le)“偶(ou)蹄四肢(zhi)”和(he)(he)皮毛可(ke)(ke)利用(yong)、肉(rou)質(zhi)細(xi)嫩鮮美(mei)(mei)等食用(yong)貴(gui)(gui)重動物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)，且(qie)其(qi)個(ge)(ge)體適(shi)(shi)中(zhong)，價格(ge)較牛(niu)(niu)更容易讓廣(guang)大(da)彝族人(ren)民(min)(min)能(neng)夠(gou)承(cheng)受(shou)，因此(ci)，使用(yong)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)比(bi)牛(niu)(niu)廣(guang)，在(zai)(zai)彝族人(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)中(zhong)具有(you)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)替代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，所以(yi)(yi)彝族人(ren)民(min)(min)家(jia)(jia)家(jia)(jia)戶(hu)(hu)戶(hu)(hu)歷來(lai)(lai)都(dou)有(you)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)習慣。美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)原產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。90年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)初，美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)畜(chu)牧(mu)工作(zuo)(zuo)者在(zai)(zai)以(yi)(yi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)境內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)巴(ba)普鎮俄(e)普村為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)區(qu)(qu)(qu)域(yu)一(yi)帶(dai)(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)繁山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)類群，暫定(ding)名為(wei)(wei)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，其(qi)形(xing)成(cheng)歷史(shi)近30余年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。據調查，美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是(shi)從(cong)上(shang)世(shi)紀(ji)70年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)以(yi)(yi)來(lai)(lai)，由(you)(you)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)巴(ba)普鎮俄(e)普村一(yi)帶(dai)(dai)駐(zhu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)彝民(min)(min)族在(zai)(zai)特(te)(te)(te)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境下(xia)和(he)(he)特(te)(te)(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)式下(xia)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)逐(zhu)步(bu)培育形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。由(you)(you)于(yu)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)交通不(bu)(bu)便(bian)(bian)、地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)域(yu)封閉、水草(cao)豐茂、土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)肥沃、人(ren)丁(ding)興(xing)旺、人(ren)多(duo)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)少，除 耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)外(wai)基(ji)本上(shang)沒有(you)什么牲畜(chu)放牧(mu)用(yong)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，因此(ci)，該村除極少經(jing)濟條件較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)能(neng)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)1－2只(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)外(wai)幾乎(hu)沒有(you)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)其(qi)它(ta)草(cao)食畜(chu)。在(zai)(zai)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)管理過(guo)程中(zhong)，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)只(zhi)能(neng)將山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)關在(zai)(zai)圈(quan)里(li)同豬一(yi)起喂養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)或將山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)用(yong)繩索套牢(lao)牽(qian)至耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)附近進行拴牧(mu)和(he)(he)牽(qian)牧(mu)，由(you)(you)此(ci)逐(zhu)漸(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)圈(quan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)模(mo)式。由(you)(you)于(yu)放牧(mu)場(chang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)限，每家(jia)(jia)每戶(hu)(hu)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)數量也(ye)有(you)限，少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)使農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)投入了(le)(le)(le)更多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)力，使當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)得到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)精(jing)(jing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)斷得到(dao)(dao)(dao)提高(gao)(gao)。在(zai)(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中(zhong)偶(ou)爾(er)出現(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些一(yi)胎兩羔，甚(shen)至多(duo)羔的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)母體和(he)(he)后代(dai)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)不(bu)(bu)斷被農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)長(chang)期(qi)留(liu)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，如(ru)此(ci)經(jing)過(guo)長(chang)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)然選擇和(he)(he)群眾自(zi)發(fa)選育，農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)自(zi)發(fa)將產(chan)(chan)雙羔以(yi)(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公、母羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)種(zhong)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)再進行選育、培育，逐(zhu)漸(jian)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)具有(you)繁殖率(lv)高(gao)(gao)、前期(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)發(fa)育速(su)度快、適(shi)(shi)應范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)廣(guang)、性(xing)(xing)情(qing)溫順宜(yi)圈(quan)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)、飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)效(xiao)益高(gao)(gao)等特(te)(te)(te)色(se)，并深(shen)受(shou)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)殖農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)喜愛，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)優良山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)類群—美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。由(you)(you)于(yu)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)較為(wei)(wei)簡便(bian)(bian)，沒有(you)什么特(te)(te)(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)條件限制，特(te)(te)(te)別(bie)是(shi)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)黑色(se)、光(guang)亮的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)被毛特(te)(te)(te)征(zheng)迅速(su)受(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)(le)廣(guang)大(da)彝族人(ren)民(min)(min)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)歡迎。美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)很(hen)快成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)當(dang)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)彝族在(zai)(zai)傳(chuan)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)過(guo)節、迎親(qin)嫁娶等喜慶的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日(ri)子里(li)贈(zeng)送親(qin)友的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)珍貴(gui)(gui)畜(chu)種(zhong)，收到(dao)(dao)(dao)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)這一(yi)貴(gui)(gui)重禮物的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)親(qin)友也(ye)倍(bei)加珍惜(xi)和(he)(he)愛護這一(yi)畜(chu)種(zhong)而(er)予(yu)以(yi)(yi)精(jing)(jing)心(xin)(xin)(xin)喂養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，使得美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)廣(guang)，數量越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)多(duo)，規模(mo)越(yue)來(lai)(lai)越(yue)大(da)，在(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)范(fan)(fan)圍(wei)內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)特(te)(te)(te)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)類群。經(jing)過(guo)畜(chu)牧(mu)部門(men)十多(duo)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)有(you)計劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選育和(he)(he)推(tui)廣(guang)，美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)已(yi)從(cong)1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)僅有(you)3個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)3個(ge)(ge)村中(zhong)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)100戶(hu)(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)發(fa)展到(dao)(dao)(dao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)（2008年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)統(tong)(tong)計）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)36個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)（鎮）136個(ge)(ge)村的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)8000多(duo)戶(hu)(hu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)戶(hu)(hu)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，存欄(lan)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)從(cong)不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)400只(zhi)發(fa)展到(dao)(dao)(dao)現(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)59150只(zhi)，核心(xin)(xin)(xin)群達(da)(da)9640只(zhi)，選育群達(da)(da)12200只(zhi)。主(zhu)要分(fen)布(bu)在(zai)(zai)海拔700米(mi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)2800米(mi)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)巴(ba)普鎮、農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、巴(ba)古鄉(xiang)(xiang)、佐戈(ge)依達(da)(da)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、依洛拉達(da)(da)鄉(xiang)(xiang)、牛(niu)(niu)牛(niu)(niu)壩鄉(xiang)(xiang)、九口鄉(xiang)(xiang)、洛俄(e)依甘鄉(xiang)(xiang)、井葉特(te)(te)(te)西鄉(xiang)(xiang)等全(quan)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)36個(ge)(ge)鄉(xiang)(xiang)（鎮）136個(ge)(ge)村。在(zai)(zai)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)境內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)海拔700米(mi)到(dao)(dao)(dao)2800米(mi)之間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)都(dou)表現(xian)(xian)(xian)出了(le)(le)(le)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)(shi)應性(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)繁性(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)遺傳(chuan)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)。同時(shi)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)方(fang)(fang)式既可(ke)(ke)舍飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)也(ye)可(ke)(ke)放牧(mu)，不(bu)(bu)但(dan)適(shi)(shi)合于(yu)半(ban)(ban)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)半(ban)(ban)牧(mu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)展，也(ye)適(shi)(shi)合于(yu)農(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)和(he)(he)牧(mu)區(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)展，不(bu)(bu)但(dan)適(shi)(shi)合于(yu)美(mei)(mei)姑(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)發(fa)展，也(ye)適(shi)(shi)合于(yu)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、四川大(da)部分(fen)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)發(fa)展，周邊(bian)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州境內(nei)(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雷波、昭覺、金陽、布(bu)拖(tuo)、越(yue)西以(yi)(yi)及樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)峨邊(bian)、馬邊(bian)等縣(xian)(xian)(xian)均曾來(lai)(lai)我縣(xian)(xian)(xian)引進飼(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)。其(qi)發(fa)展前景(jing)非常廣(guang)闊。

三.地域范圍

美姑山羊(yang)地(di)理標志(zhi)畜(chu)產品產地(di)范圍為(wei)(wei)四川省涼山州美姑縣所轄的(de)36個(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮291個(ge)村。其地(di)理坐(zuo)標為(wei)(wei)東經(jing)102°53′-103°29′，北緯28°02′-28°53′。

四(si).產(chan)品(pin)品(pin)質特性特征

（1）美姑山羊(yang)肉質(zhi)感官(guan)特(te)(te)征：宰殺(sha)后，肌肉豐(feng)滿緊密、有(you)(you)堅實(shi)感、顏色(se)鮮(xian)艷、光(guang)澤(ze)潤(run)滑(hua)、水嫩(nen)多(duo)汁、紅色(se)均勻，用(yong)手觸(chu)摸濕潤(run)不(bu)粘手、肌纖(xian)維韌性(xing)強、有(you)(you)彈性(xing)，胴體表面被(bei)覆一(yi)層薄薄的(de)白色(se)、均勻的(de)脂肪(fang)分(fen)布，有(you)(you)輕微(wei)的(de)膻味，無(wu)其他異(yi)味。煮沸后的(de)羊(yang)肉湯澄清透明，羊(yang)脂團浮聚于湯表面，香(xiang)氣(qi)四溢(yi)，風味十足(zu)，具有(you)(you)鮮(xian)、香(xiang)、濃等特(te)(te)色(se)，品嘗過美姑山羊(yang)湯鍋(guo)的(de)人都對其贊不(bu)絕口(kou)。

（2）美(mei)姑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)內在品(pin)質指標和(he)風味(wei)特征：美(mei)姑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)（后(hou)腿(tui)肌肉(rou)）經(jing)農業部(bu)食品(pin)質量(liang)(liang)監督(du)檢(jian)驗(yan)測(ce)(ce)試中(zhong)心（成都(dou)）進行了測(ce)(ce)定和(he)分析，結(jie)果表明：美(mei)姑山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)品(pin)質好(hao)，營養(yang)豐富，水分含(han)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)74.73%，肌肉(rou)中(zhong)粗(cu)(cu)蛋(dan)白含(han)量(liang)(liang)達22.3%，粗(cu)(cu)脂肪含(han)量(liang)(liang)達3.72%，灰分含(han)量(liang)(liang)達0.97%。膽固醇含(han)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)41.7㎎/100g，明顯低(di)于84.62%的(de)其他山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)在成都(dou)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)的(de)平(ping)均數；富含(han)17種氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，其中(zhong)天(tian)冬門氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.26%、蘇氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.96%、絲氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.79%、谷(gu)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)3.75%、甘氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.25%、丙(bing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.52%、胱(guang)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.050%、纈氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.12%、蛋(dan)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.56%、異亮氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.06%、亮氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.83%、酪氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.78%、苯丙(bing)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.91%、賴氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.10%、組氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.58%、精氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.56%、脯(fu)氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)0.95%，氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)總量(liang)(liang)22.1%，氨(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)含(han)量(liang)(liang)比其他山(shan)羊(yang)(yang)肉(rou)的(de)平(ping)均數21.63%略高(gao)。屠(tu)宰率高(gao)且鮮肉(rou)色(se)澤純正，具有清香味(wei)；熟肉(rou)肉(rou)質細嫩鮮美(mei)；膻味(wei)小，肉(rou)湯香味(wei)濃(nong)郁，風味(wei)獨特。