芒果视频下载

一.產品介紹

涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)彝族(zu)自治州是全國(guo)彝族(zu)聚居最(zui)多的(de)(de)地(di)區，綿(mian)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是彝族(zu)人民在(zai)婚喪嫁(jia)娶(qu)、過(guo)年過(guo)節、走(zou)親(qin)訪友、招待貴客時必(bi)須宰殺(sha)的(de)(de)牲畜(chu)，它的(de)(de)地(di)位僅(jin)次于(yu)牛(niu)。涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)是彝族(zu)人民傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)生產和生活資料，價(jia)格適(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，因此，在(zai)彝族(zu)人民的(de)(de)生活中(zhong)(zhong)具有不(bu)可替代的(de)(de)作用。 涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)培(pei)育起始于(yu)20世(shi)紀50年代后(hou)期(qi)，至70年代初為(wei)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)階段：引(yin)進(jin)新(xin)疆細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)行(xing)雜交(jiao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)試驗，并在(zai)全州推(tui)廣(guang)，到1974年改(gai)(gai)良(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)5.8萬(wan)(wan)只(zhi)，并逐(zhu)步(bu)建立了多個(ge)州屬和縣屬種羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)場。但是，由(you)于(yu)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)對(dui)當地(di)雨季(ji)潮濕、炎熱氣候適(shi)應(ying)較(jiao)差，不(bu)宜(yi)于(yu)制作披氈(zhan)、察爾瓦等，群(qun)眾(zhong)對(dui)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)積極性(xing)不(bu)高，致使(shi)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)步(bu)伐(fa)緩慢。1966年開始從國(guo)外(wai)(wai)引(yin)入邊(bian)區萊斯特以(yi)及羅姆尼等半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)與細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)后(hou)代羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)進(jin)行(xing)雜交(jiao)組合試驗，至1986年全州半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達11.85萬(wan)(wan)只(zhi)。1986年國(guo)家(jia)科(ke)委、農業部將培(pei)育48—50支粗(cu)檔半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)新(xin)品(pin)種連(lian)續納(na)入國(guo)家(jia)“七五(wu)”、“八五(wu)”、“九(jiu)五(wu)”重點(dian)科(ke)技攻關計劃(hua)，由(you)涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州畜(chu)牧局主持，組織四川(chuan)農業大學、四川(chuan)省畜(chu)牧獸(shou)醫(yi)研(yan)究(jiu)所、涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)州畜(chu)牧獸(shou)醫(yi)科(ke)學研(yan)究(jiu)所等進(jin)行(xing)聯(lian)合攻關。到1995年，成功育成了涼(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)新(xin)品(pin)種，存欄11萬(wan)(wan)余(yu)只(zhi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)特一(yi)級(ji)公(gong)母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達到5190只(zhi)，等級(ji)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達到35237只(zhi)，基礎母(mu)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)達到45958只(zhi)。2007年存欄22.31萬(wan)(wan)只(zhi)，其中(zhong)(zhong)特、一(yi)級(ji)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)14.5萬(wan)(wan)只(zhi)，并在(zai)州內(nei)外(wai)(wai)廣(guang)泛推(tui)廣(guang)，其適(shi)應(ying)性(xing)和雜交(jiao)改(gai)(gai)良(liang)效果良(liang)好(hao)。 2009年10月(yue)通過(guo)國(guo)家(jia)畜(chu)禽遺傳(chuan)資源(yuan)委員(yuan)會審定并正式(shi)命名，是我國(guo)培(pei)育的(de)(de)第(di)一(yi)個(ge)半(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)細(xi)毛(mao)(mao)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)新(xin)品(pin)種（證書編號(hao)：農03新(xin)品(pin)種證字第(di)6號(hao)），填(tian)補(bu)了我國(guo)養(yang)羊(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)業中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)空白。

二.自然生態環境和人(ren)文歷(li)史因素

（1）地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理特征：涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)彝族自治(zhi)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)位于(yu)(yu)四(si)川省(sheng)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)部(bu)，北(bei)(bei)起大(da)(da)(da)(da)渡(du)河，接川西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原和山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，靠雅安、甘孜兩市(shi)（州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)），南(nan)至金沙(sha)江河谷(gu)，接攀枝花(hua)市(shi)，東(dong)臨金沙(sha)江與云(yun)(yun)南(nan)省(sheng)隔江相(xiang)望，東(dong)北(bei)(bei)低與樂山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、宜賓兩地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)接壤。地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)理處于(yu)(yu)青(qing)藏高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)原、云(yun)(yun)貴高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)原向(xiang)(xiang)四(si)川盆地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)過度帶(dai)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)跨橫斷(duan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌輪廓較為(wei)(wei)(wei)復(fu)雜多樣(yang)，其(qi)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)特征是：第一(yi)，北(bei)(bei)部(bu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，西(xi)(xi)(xi)部(bu)低，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢由西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)向(xiang)(xiang)東(dong)南(nan)傾(qing)斜。第二(er)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)勢起伏大(da)(da)(da)(da)，高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)差懸殊。川內(nei)(nei)(nei)海(hai)拔(ba)最高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)處為(wei)(wei)(wei)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)部(bu)木里縣境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)5958米，海(hai)拔(ba)最低處為(wei)(wei)(wei)雷波(bo)縣境(jing)內(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)大(da)(da)(da)(da)巖(yan)洞(dong)金沙(sha)江谷(gu)底，僅有(you)(you)(you)(you)325米，相(xiang)對(dui)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)度達到5633米。第三(san)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)川相(xiang)間排列(lie)，切割(ge)強烈，谷(gu)深(shen)坡(po)陡。第四(si)，峰巒重(zhong)迭，而且多樣(yang)類(lei)型。如黃茅埂以東(dong)，稱小涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)切割(ge)破碎(sui)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)坡(po)陡；黃茅埂以西(xi)(xi)(xi)稱大(da)(da)(da)(da)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)切割(ge)微弱，主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌類(lei)型為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)或中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原，超過4000米以上的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)很少，它(ta)又是云(yun)(yun)貴高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)原向(xiang)(xiang)北(bei)(bei)伸(shen)廷的(de)一(yi)角(jiao)。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是屬(shu)于(yu)(yu)橫斷(duan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)，分(fen)屬(shu)沙(sha)魯(lu)(lu)里山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)雪山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、小相(xiang)嶺—魯(lu)(lu)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)小涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)等山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)系。州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)脈(mo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)都呈(cheng)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)走向(xiang)(xiang)，從(cong)西(xi)(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)到東(dong)南(nan)的(de)分(fen)布(bu)是：柏林(lin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、魯(lu)(lu)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、錦屏(ping)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、牦(mao)牛山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、螺吉(ji)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、小相(xiang)嶺、大(da)(da)(da)(da)涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、小涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)由于(yu)(yu)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)多，水深(shen)水急，地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)形地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)貌相(xiang)嵌(qian)成(cheng)一(yi)個雄偉的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)峽(xia)谷(gu)，富饒美(mei)麗(li)的(de)川西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)內(nei)(nei)(nei)以山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)，海(hai)拔(ba)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)1000米的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)原、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)原面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)共有(you)(you)(you)(you)565.18萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幅(fu)員面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)93.6%，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)屬(shu)低中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)、極(ji)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)為(wei)(wei)(wei)535.05萬(wan)畝(mu)，占(zhan)全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)幅(fu)員面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)88.5%。涼(liang)(liang)(liang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)半(ban)細毛(mao)羊主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)分(fen)布(bu)在海(hai)拔(ba)1500—4000米的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)區幅(fu)員面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)500.96萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)天(tian)然草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)241.16萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，是耕地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)7.48倍，可(ke)利(li)用面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)198.71萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)。草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)規模(mo)既有(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)成(cheng)片草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)村莊附(fu)近的(de)零星草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)，全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)共有(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)片草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)3504塊，面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)215.51萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)，占(zhan)草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)的(de)89.36%，草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)共有(you)(you)(you)(you)13類(lei)，33個組，93個型，天(tian)然草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)多達155科，782屬(shu)，2106種，其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)草(cao)本植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)1909種，占(zhan)草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)的(de)90.6%，飼用植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)約(yue)占(zhan)75%左右。飼用植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)既有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)(liang)的(de)優質禾本科牧(mu)草(cao)，也(ye)有(you)(you)(you)(you)品質優良的(de)豆科牧(mu)草(cao)，各類(lei)草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優、良、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)三(san)等以上的(de)牧(mu)草(cao)占(zhan)絕(jue)對(dui)重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)優勢，一(yi)般(ban)都在60%以上。天(tian)然草(cao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)單位面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)測(ce)定鮮草(cao)產量(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)(wei)每公(gong)頃(qing)(qing)2348.3—17142公(gong)斤(jin)，全(quan)(quan)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平均為(wei)(wei)(wei)5942.5公(gong)斤(jin)。人工(gong)牧(mu)草(cao)主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)種植(zhi)(zhi)白三(san)葉、多年生黑麥草(cao)、光葉紫(zi)花(hua)苕(tiao)、紫(zi)花(hua)苜蓿等。 

（2）水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)：涼(liang)山州內(nei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)豐富(fu)。主(zhu)要江(jiang)河(he)(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)金(jin)沙江(jiang)、雅礱江(jiang)、大渡河(he)(he)(he)三大干流(liu)(liu)，金(jin)沙江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)經州內(nei)會(hui)理、會(hui)東、寧南、布拖、金(jin)陽和(he)雷波等6個(ge)縣，州內(nei)全(quan)長(chang)598.7公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積2.489萬平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)。主(zhu)要支流(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)塵河(he)(he)(he)，鲹魚河(he)(he)(he)、黑(hei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)(he)、西溪河(he)(he)(he)、溜筒(tong)河(he)(he)(he)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)洛河(he)(he)(he)。雅礱江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)流(liu)(liu)經木里(li)(li)(li)(li)、鹽源(yuan)、冕(mian)寧、西昌和(he)德昌，州內(nei)全(quan)長(chang)448公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積2.29萬平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，主(zhu)要支流(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)安寧河(he)(he)(he)、理塘河(he)(he)(he)、臥落河(he)(he)(he)、孫(sun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)河(he)(he)(he)。大渡河(he)(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)州內(nei)全(quan)長(chang)35公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，流(liu)(liu)域(yu)面積4526平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)，主(zhu)要支流(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)泥(ni)日河(he)(he)(he)匯入。涼(liang)山州境內(nei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)縱橫交(jiao)錯(cuo)，流(liu)(liu)域(yu)500—1000平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)有(you)(you)(you)22條(tiao)，100—500平(ping)方公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)達160條(tiao)。境內(nei)各河(he)(he)(he)流(liu)(liu)大部分(fen)靠(kao)降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)補(bu)充，在地(di)(di)域(yu)上的(de)(de)變(bian)化很大，時(shi)空分(fen)布也不均(jun)勻，但總體上屬于水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)豐富(fu)，高(gao)于全(quan)省(sheng)、全(quan)國平(ping)均(jun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)。州內(nei)洪枯季節變(bian)化明顯，一(yi)般(ban)5—10月洪汛期，11月到次(ci)年4月為枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期，汛期降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)一(yi)般(ban)占年降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)85%以(yi)上，汛期平(ping)均(jun)徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)占年徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)67.5%—88.6%，而(er)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)量(liang)(liang)僅(jin)占年徑(jing)流(liu)(liu)總量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)11.4%—32.5%。由于降(jiang)(jiang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)嚴重失(shi)衡，加之(zhi)草(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)、林地(di)(di)的(de)(de)生(sheng)態保護滯后(hou)，導致(zhi)我州自(zi)然災害較為頻繁。每年汛期來臨時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)土(tu)流(liu)(liu)失(shi)嚴重，泥(ni)石流(liu)(liu)損毀草(cao)(cao)地(di)(di)草(cao)(cao)場、畜(chu)圈和(he)牲畜(chu)傷亡(wang)。而(er)枯水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)期干旱少雨(yu)，牧草(cao)(cao)生(sheng)長(chang)發育(yu)遲緩(huan)，草(cao)(cao)料供給不足，牲畜(chu)飲水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)困(kun)難，制(zhi)約著草(cao)(cao)食(shi)畜(chu)的(de)(de)快速健康發展(zhan)。 

（3）氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)條件(jian)：涼(liang)山州(zhou)屬亞熱帶(dai)季(ji)風氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)區(qu)，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)10.1—19.3℃，≥10.0℃的(de)(de)有(you)效年(nian)積溫(wen)2380—6352℃，年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數1227—2603小(xiao)時，太陽輻射量91.8—145.5千卡/平(ping)方厘米(mi)，無霜(shuang)期201—321天，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)降(jiang)雨(yu)量796—1164毫米(mi)。由(you)于(yu)受地(di)(di)形地(di)(di)貌(mao)等多種因(yin)素(su)的(de)(de)影響，州(zhou)內氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)類型多種多樣，獨具特點。一是(shi)垂直(zhi)變化大，水平(ping)區(qu)間(jian)有(you)明(ming)顯差(cha)異(yi)，素(su)有(you)“一山有(you)四季(ji)，十里不(bu)同天”之(zhi)說。以(yi)小(xiao)相嶺和黃茅埂為(wei)界(jie)，具有(you)南(nan)(nan)干(gan)北(bei)濕、東(dong)潤(run)西燥、低熱高涼(liang)的(de)(de)特征。西部(bu)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)溫(wen)和、干(gan)燥，年(nian)平(ping)均(jun)氣(qi)溫(wen)11.5—12.4℃，年(nian)降(jiang)水量793—828毫米(mi)，年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)長達2600小(xiao)時；南(nan)(nan)部(bu)和東(dong)部(bu)海(hai)拔1200米(mi)以(yi)下的(de)(de)干(gan)熱河谷，是(shi)典型的(de)(de)南(nan)(nan)亞熱帶(dai)氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)，素(su)有(you)“熱帶(dai)非地(di)(di)”之(zhi)稱(cheng)，被譽(yu)為(wei)“不(bu)是(shi)海(hai)南(nan)(nan)，勝似海(hai)南(nan)(nan)”，是(shi)全省(sheng)熱量資源最好(hao)的(de)(de)地(di)(di)段。西南(nan)(nan)及中(zhong)部(bu)地(di)(di)區(qu)，光熱資源充足，年(nian)均(jun)溫(wen)12.0—17.0℃，年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)1700—2600小(xiao)時，年(nian)降(jiang)水量1000—1400毫米(mi)；北(bei)部(bu)山地(di)(di)年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)時數1600-1800小(xiao)時，年(nian)均(jun)溫(wen)13.0-16.0℃，年(nian)降(jiang)水量1000毫米(mi)左右。二是(shi)降(jiang)雨(yu)量集中(zhong)，干(gan)濕季(ji)節分明(ming)，夏半(ban)年(nian)云(yun)雨(yu)較多，氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)涼(liang)爽(shuang)，冬半(ban)年(nian)日(ri)照(zhao)充足，少雨(yu)干(gan)暖。一般5—10月(yue)份為(wei)雨(yu)季(ji)，降(jiang)水量占全年(nian)降(jiang)量的(de)(de)90%以(yi)上。三是(shi)年(nian)溫(wen)差(cha)小(xiao)，日(ri)溫(wen)差(cha)大，冬暖夏涼(liang)，四季(ji)如春。最熱月(yue)為(wei)七(qi)月(yue)份，各縣月(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)在17.0—24.4℃之(zhi)間(jian)，最冷(leng)月(yue)為(wei)一月(yue)份，月(yue)均(jun)溫(wen)在1.6—10.8℃之(zhi)間(jian)。

三.地域范圍

涼山半(ban)細毛羊地(di)(di)理標(biao)志畜產(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)地(di)(di)范圍為(wei)四川省涼山彝族自治(zhi)州所轄的會東(dong)、寧南、普格、布拖(tuo)、昭(zhao)覺、金(jin)陽、美姑、雷波(bo)、越西、甘洛(luo)、喜德、冕寧、鹽(yan)源(yuan)13個(ge)縣(xian)472個(ge)鄉鎮2949個(ge)行政村(cun)5512個(ge)村(cun)民(min)小(xiao)組，幅員面(mian)積37710平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，其地(di)(di)理坐(zuo)標(biao)為(wei)東(dong)經(jing)108°04'—103°52'，北(bei)緯26°03'—29°18'。其中保護面(mian)積2694平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)面(mian)積1536平方(fang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)，年存欄187萬(wan)只，年產(chan)(chan)量154萬(wan)只。

四(si).產品(pin)品(pin)質特(te)性特(te)征

（1）涼山半細毛(mao)羊肉(rou)質(zhi)感官(guan)特(te)征：宰殺后，肌(ji)(ji)肉(rou)豐(feng)滿緊密、有(you)堅(jian)實感、顏(yan)色(se)鮮艷、光澤潤(run)滑(hua)、水嫩多汁、紅色(se)均勻(yun)，用(yong)手(shou)觸摸濕潤(run)不粘手(shou)、肌(ji)(ji)纖維韌性(xing)(xing)強、有(you)彈(dan)性(xing)(xing)，胴(dong)體表面被(bei)覆一(yi)層薄薄的白色(se)、均勻(yun)的脂肪分布，無膻味。煮沸后的羊肉(rou)湯澄清透(tou)明，羊脂團浮聚于湯表面，香(xiang)氣(qi)四(si)溢，風味十足，具(ju)有(you)鮮、香(xiang)、濃(nong)等特(te)色(se)。

（2）涼山半細毛羊肉(rou)(rou)內在品(pin)質指(zhi)標和(he)風味特(te)征：涼山半細毛羊羊肉(rou)(rou)經測定：水(shui)份含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)為70.90%，蛋(dan)白質含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)23.31%，脂肪含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)7.34%，灰分(fen)含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)0.85%。肌(ji)肉(rou)(rou)中(zhong)富含(han)(han)多種(zhong)氨(an)(an)(an)基酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)，其中(zhong)賴氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)4.93%、組(zu)氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.85%、氨(an)(an)(an)精(jing)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)3.89%、蘇氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.64%、纈氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.75%、蛋(dan)氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)1.24%、異亮氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.69%、亮氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)4.77%、苯丙氨(an)(an)(an)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(suan)2.37%。屠宰(zai)率高(gao)且鮮肉(rou)(rou)色澤純正，具有清(qing)香(xiang)味，熟(shu)肉(rou)(rou)肉(rou)(rou)質細嫩鮮美，肉(rou)(rou)湯香(xiang)味濃(nong)郁，風味獨特(te)。 

（3）安全生產(chan)和產(chan)品(pin)質量控制(zhi)：產(chan)地(di)環境(jing)、飼料環境(jing)、飼養管理、飲用(yong)水、獸藥的使用(yong)、疫病(bing)防治均符合地(di)理標志保護相關規定(ding)。