《越絕外傳記(ji)寶(bao)劍》第(di)十三(san)
昔者,越王句踐有寶劍五,聞於天下。客有能相劍者,名薛燭。王召而問之,曰:「吾有寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)五,請(qing)以(yi)示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。」薛燭(zhu)(zhu)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「愚理(li)不(bu)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)言,大(da)王(wang)請(qing),不(bu)得(de)已(yi)(yi)(yi)。」乃(nai)召掌者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)使取毫曹。薛燭(zhu)(zhu)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「毫曹,非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。夫寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian),五色并(bing)見(jian),莫能相勝(sheng)。毫曹已(yi)(yi)(yi)擅名矣,非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。」王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「取巨(ju)闕。」薛燭(zhu)(zhu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),金錫(xi)和(he)銅(tong)而(er)不(bu)離(li)。今(jin)巨(ju)闕已(yi)(yi)(yi)離(li)矣,非(fei)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)。」王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「然巨(ju)闕初成之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,吾坐(zuo)於露壇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,宮人有(you)四駕白(bai)鹿而(er)過(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),車奔鹿驚,吾引劍(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)指之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),四駕上飛揚,不(bu)知其絕也(ye)。穿銅(tong)釜,絕鐵?,胥中決(jue)如粢米,故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕。」王(wang)取純(chun)鈞(jun),薛燭(zhu)(zhu)聞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),忽如敗。有(you)頃,懼(ju)如悟。下階(jie)而(er)深惟,簡(jian)衣而(er)坐(zuo)望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。手振拂揚,其華捽如芙蓉(rong)始出。觀其釽,爛如列(lie)星之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行;觀其光,渾渾如水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溢於塘(tang);觀其斷(duan),巖(yan)巖(yan)如瑣石(shi);觀其才,煥(huan)煥(huan)如冰釋。「此所謂純(chun)鈞(jun)耶(ye)?」王(wang)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「是也(ye)。客有(you)直之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),有(you)市之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)二(er),駿(jun)馬千(qian)疋,千(qian)戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)二(er),可乎?」薛燭(zhu)(zhu)對(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):「不(bu)可。當造(zao)此劍(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,赤(chi)堇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan),破而(er)出錫(xi);若耶(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)溪,涸而(er)出銅(tong);雨師掃灑,雷公(gong)擊橐;蛟龍捧鑪,天(tian)帝裝炭(tan);太一下觀,天(tian)精(jing)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。歐冶乃(nai)因(yin)天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)神(shen),悉其伎(ji)巧,造(zao)為大(da)刑三(san)、小(xiao)刑二(er):一曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)湛(zhan)盧,二(er)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)純(chun)鈞(jun),三(san)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)勝(sheng)邪,四曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)魚(yu)腸(chang),五曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)巨(ju)闕。吳王(wang)闔(he)廬(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,得(de)其勝(sheng)邪、魚(yu)腸(chang)、湛(zhan)盧。闔(he)廬(lu)無(wu)道,子女(nv)死,殺生以(yi)送之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。湛(zhan)盧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian),去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如水,行秦過(guo)(guo)楚,楚王(wang)臥而(er)寤,得(de)吳王(wang)湛(zhan)盧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian),將首魁漂(piao)而(er)存焉(yan)。秦王(wang)聞而(er)求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)得(de),興(xing)師擊楚,曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):『與我湛(zhan)盧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian),還師去汝(ru)。』楚王(wang)不(bu)與。時闔(he)廬(lu)又以(yi)魚(yu)腸(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)刺吳王(wang)僚,使披腸(chang)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)三(san)事(shi)。闔(he)廬(lu)使專諸為奏炙魚(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),引劍(jian)(jian)(jian)而(er)刺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂弒(shi)王(wang)僚。此其小(xiao)試於敵邦,未見(jian)其大(da)用於天(tian)下也(ye)。今(jin)赤(chi)堇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)山(shan)已(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he),若耶(ye)溪深而(er)不(bu)測(ce)。群神(shen)不(bu)下,歐冶子即死。雖復傾城量金,珠玉(yu)竭河(he),猶(you)不(bu)能得(de)此一物,有(you)市之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鄉(xiang)二(er)、駿(jun)馬千(qian)疋、千(qian)戶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都(dou)二(er),何足(zu)(zu)言哉!
純鈞是一把尊貴無(wu)雙(shuang)之劍。春秋時(shi)期,一個(ge)(ge)風和日麗(li)的(de)午后,經過數年(nian)臥(wo)薪嘗膽終于(yu)擊敗吳國的(de)越王勾踐,睡了(le)一個(ge)(ge)甜美的(de)午覺醒了(le)過來(lai),心情(qing)非(fei)常(chang)舒暢。飲了(le)一壺上好的(de)龍井新(xin)茶后,勾踐興(xing)致勃(bo)勃(bo)地派(pai)手下去找一個(ge)(ge)人。這個(ge)(ge)人就是薛燭。薛燭是秦國人,此時(shi)正在越國游歷。薛燭雖然年(nian)紀輕輕,但卻已經名動列國,被人稱(cheng)為(wei)天下第一相(xiang)劍大師。不大一會兒,眉清目秀文質彬彬的(de)薛燭就趕(gan)來(lai)了(le)。賓(bin)主一番客套(tao)寒暄之后,就帶著隨從來(lai)到室(shi)外(wai)寬(kuan)闊的(de)露(lu)臺(tai)之上。
越王勾(gou)踐酷愛刀(dao)(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian),這(zhe)個露臺高達數丈,氣(qi)勢舒張,光線(xian)充(chong)沛,專(zhuan)門用(yong)來看(kan)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)賞刀(dao)(dao)。落座之后(hou),勾(gou)踐掃(sao)了(le)一眼身(shen)邊的薛(xue)燭,心想這(zhe)個年輕人雖然年紀輕輕但卻閱(yue)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)無(wu)數,一般刀(dao)(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)肯定難入他(ta)的法眼,于是,勾(gou)踐一開口就叫手(shou)下取來了(le)自己頗(po)為得意(yi)的寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian):毫(hao)曹。哪知(zhi),薛(xue)燭走馬觀花地看(kan)了(le)一遍,隨(sui)便地說了(le)一句:“這(zhe)兩(liang)把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)有缺(que)點(dian),毫(hao)曹和巨闕(que)。哪知(zhi),薛(xue)燭對二者并無(wu)佳評:“這(zhe)兩(liang)把劍(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)有缺(que)點(dian),毫(hao)曹光華散淡(dan),巨闕(que)質(zhi)地趨粗,不能算寶(bao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)。”
勾(gou)踐頗感(gan)意外,覺得很沒面(mian)子(zi)(zi),他想了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)想,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)咬牙,俯在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個貼身(shen)侍從(cong)耳邊(bian)吩咐了(le)幾句,過了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會(hui)兒,侍從(cong)率(lv)領幾百個鐵(tie)甲武士護送一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)把(ba)(ba)(ba)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)來到(dao)(dao)臺(tai)下。薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)感(gan)到(dao)(dao)好笑,問道(dao):“大(da)(da)王這(zhe)(zhe)么(me)(me)興(xing)師動眾,拿來的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)什(shen)么(me)(me)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)啊?”勾(gou)踐對薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)態度有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)絲不(bu)快,他沒好氣地(di)(di)吐出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)兩個字:“純鈞”。只(zhi)聽見(jian)(jian)“咣啷(lang)”一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)聲(sheng),薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)從(cong)座位(wei)上仰面(mian)摔倒,束(shu)發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)金釵掉在(zai)地(di)(di)上,一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)長發(fa)披(pi)散下來,面(mian)色突然(ran)凝住、呆(dai)滯。好大(da)(da)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)會(hui)兒,才突然(ran)驚(jing)醒,只(zhi)見(jian)(jian)他腳尖點(dian)地(di)(di)幾個縱躍掠(lve)下臺(tai)階,來到(dao)(dao)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)前,深(shen)深(shen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)躬(gong),然(ran)后(hou)又表情肅(su)然(ran)地(di)(di)整理(li)(li)(li)好自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)衣服,從(cong)侍者手中(zhong)接(jie)過寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),小心(xin)翼翼地(di)(di)敲(qiao)了(le)幾敲(qiao)掂了(le)幾掂之(zhi)后(hou)方(fang)才將劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)從(cong)鞘中(zhong)緩(huan)緩(huan)拔出(chu)(chu)(chu)。只(zhi)見(jian)(jian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)團(tuan)光(guang)華綻放而出(chu)(chu)(chu)宛如(ru)出(chu)(chu)(chu)水的(de)(de)(de)芙蓉雍(yong)容(rong)而清(qing)冽,劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)柄上的(de)(de)(de)雕飾如(ru)星(xing)宿(su)運行閃(shan)出(chu)(chu)(chu)深(shen)邃的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)芒(mang),劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)身(shen)、陽光(guang)渾然(ran)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)體象(xiang)清(qing)水漫過池塘從(cong)容(rong)而舒緩(huan),而劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)刃就象(xiang)壁立(li)千丈的(de)(de)(de)斷(duan)崖崇高(gao)而巍(wei)峨……過了(le)好久(jiu),薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)才用(yong)顫抖的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音問道(dao):“這(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)純鈞嗎?!”勾(gou)踐點(dian)了(le)點(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou):“是(shi),”他得意地(di)(di)接(jie)著(zhu)說(shuo)道(dao):“有(you)(you)人(ren)要(yao)用(yong)千匹駿(jun)馬三處(chu)富鄉(xiang)兩座大(da)(da)城來換這(zhe)(zhe)把(ba)(ba)(ba)寶劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),你看行嗎?”薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)連忙(mang)說(shuo)道(dao):“不(bu)能換。”勾(gou)踐做作地(di)(di)皺了(le)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下眉頭(tou)(tou)(tou)問道(dao):“為(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)(me)?你說(shuo)說(shuo)道(dao)理(li)(li)(li)。”薛(xue)(xue)燭(zhu)激動地(di)(di)大(da)(da)聲(sheng)對道(dao):“因為(wei)(wei)這(zhe)(zhe)把(ba)(ba)(ba)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)天人(ren)共鑄(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)二之(zhi)作。為(wei)(wei)鑄(zhu)這(zhe)(zhe)把(ba)(ba)(ba)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),千年赤堇(jin)(jin)山(shan)山(shan)破而出(chu)(chu)(chu)錫,萬(wan)載若耶(ye)江(jiang)(jiang)江(jiang)(jiang)水干涸(he)而出(chu)(chu)(chu)銅(tong)。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)之(zhi)時,雷公打(da)鐵(tie),雨娘淋(lin)水,蛟(jiao)龍捧爐,天帝(di)裝炭(tan)。鑄(zhu)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)師歐冶(ye)子(zi)(zi)承天之(zhi)命嘔心(xin)瀝血(xue)與眾神(shen)鑄(zhu)磨十載此(ci)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)方(fang)成。劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成之(zhi)后(hou),眾神(shen)歸天,赤堇(jin)(jin)山(shan)閉合如(ru)初,若耶(ye)江(jiang)(jiang)波濤再起,歐冶(ye)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)力盡神(shen)竭而亡(wang),這(zhe)(zhe)把(ba)(ba)(ba)劍(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)已成絕唱,區區駿(jun)馬城池何足道(dao)哉(zai)……”勾(gou)踐滿意地(di)(di)頻(pin)頻(pin)點(dian)頭(tou)(tou)(tou):“說(shuo)得有(you)(you)理(li)(li)(li),既是(shi)無價之(zhi)寶,我就永遠把(ba)(ba)(ba)它珍(zhen)藏吧。
故事(shi)見于《越絕書》。
越王允常命歐冶(ye)子(zi)鑄造了五把寶(bao)劍,歐冶(ye)乃因天之精神,悉其伎(ji)巧,造為(wei)大刑(xing)三、小刑(xing)二:一曰湛盧(lu),二曰純鈞,三曰勝邪,四(si)曰魚腸,五曰巨闕。并(bing)稱越五劍。
1.圣(sheng)道之(zhi)劍(jian):軒(xuan)轅夏(xia)禹
2.仁道之(zhi)劍(jian):湛盧
3.帝道之(zhi)劍(jian):赤霄
4.威道之劍:泰阿
5.誠信之劍:七星龍淵
6/7.摯情之(zhi)劍(jian):干將/莫邪
8. 勇絕之劍:魚腸
9.尊貴(gui)無雙之(zhi)劍:純鈞
10.精致優雅之劍:承影