這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)一座四(si)合院(yuan)(yuan)式布局的(de)貝(bei)灰砂磚(zhuan)木建(jian)筑,由山(shan)門、前殿、正殿、廂房、套間、外院(yuan)(yuan)、里(li)(li)院(yuan)(yuan)等組(zu)成,占地面積(ji)2500平方米。始(shi)建(jian)于清光緒十四(si)年(nian)(1888年(nian)),原(yuan)擬建(jian)為(wei)“同慶善(shan)堂”堂址,房屋建(jian)成后(hou),因經費(fei)缺乏而停(ting)辦。清光緒二十七(qi)年(nian)(1901年(nian)),臺灣(wan)愛國志士丘逢甲便在這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)(li)設立(li)“嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)同文學(xue)(xue)堂”,這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)汕(shan)頭市新式學(xue)(xue)校之始(shi)。1915年(nian),學(xue)(xue)堂改(gai)為(wei)“嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)甲種商業(ye)學(xue)(xue)校”,1924年(nian)又改(gai)為(wei)省立(li)嶺(ling)東(dong)(dong)高級(ji)商業(ye)學(xue)(xue)校,實行(xing)“三三制(zhi)”教學(xue)(xue)。1925年(nian)底,國民革命(ming)軍(jun)第二次東(dong)(dong)征解放(fang)潮(chao)汕(shan),國民革命(ming)政府(fu)在這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)(li)設立(li)“廣東(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)江各屬(shu)行(xing)政委員公署”。1926年(nian)2月(yue)1日,周恩來(lai)在公署宣誓就任廣東(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)江各屬(shu)行(xing)政委員,這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)第一個由共產黨人(ren)主持的(de)革命(ming)政權(quan)。建(jian)國后(hou),這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)里(li)(li)一直被一所小學(xue)(xue)使用。建(jian)筑物原(yuan)貌有部分改(gai)變。
廣東東江各(ge)屬(shu)行政委員公署舊址位于(yu)廣東省汕(shan)頭(tou)市金平區同益街道鹽埕居(ju)委外馬路(lu)129號,建于(yu)1888年(清光緒(xu)十(shi)四年)。坐北向南,三進二天井祠堂格局(ju),磚木結(jie)構(gou)(gou),通(tong)面(mian)闊38.2米(mi)(mi),通(tong)進深52.55米(mi)(mi),占地面(mian)積2008平方米(mi)(mi),其(qi)外觀采用硬山頂(ding)、人字(zi)封火(huo)山墻,素胎瓦(wa),前門表層墻體貼花(hua)鳥(niao)詩文(wen)書法花(hua)崗巖石(shi)雕,左右各(ge)有麻石(shi)質石(shi)鼓(gu)1對,屋內為五(wu)瓜抬(tai)梁式木結(jie)構(gou)(gou)。
該地(di)址原(yuan)擬作(zuo)“同慶善(shan)堂”之(zhi)用(yong),后(hou)(hou)(hou)因房屋建成后(hou)(hou)(hou)經費缺乏(fa)而停辦。至(zhi)1901年(nian)(清光緒二十七年(nian)),臺灣(wan)愛國志(zhi)士丘逢(feng)甲在此設立(li)“同文(wen)學(xue)堂”,成為(wei)(wei)汕(shan)頭(tou)(tou)市(shi)新式學(xue)校之(zhi)始。1915年(nian),此處又(you)改為(wei)(wei)“嶺東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)甲種(zhong)商(shang)業學(xue)校”。1925年(nian)底(di),國民(min)革命軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)二次(ci)(ci)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征(zheng)進入汕(shan)頭(tou)(tou),1926年(nian)初,軍(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)結束,訓政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)開(kai)始,國民(min)革命政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)在此設立(li)“廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)公(gong)署(shu)”。公(gong)署(shu)管轄范(fan)圍(wei)為(wei)(wei)惠(hui)州(zhou)、潮(chao)汕(shan)、梅(mei)州(zhou)三個(ge)地(di)區及(ji)下屬縣(xian)(市(shi)),是中國歷史(shi)上第(di)(di)一(yi)個(ge)由共(gong)產黨人(ren)主持的(de)國共(gong)合作(zuo)的(de)地(di)方政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)權(quan)。第(di)(di)一(yi)次(ci)(ci)國共(gong)合作(zuo)時期,廣東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)國民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)先后(hou)(hou)(hou)于1925年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)和(he)10月(yue)(yue)組(zu)織了兩(liang)次(ci)(ci)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征(zheng),討伐盤踞在東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)地(di)區的(de)軍(jun)(jun)閥(fa)陳炯明,11月(yue)(yue)4日(ri)(ri)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征(zheng)軍(jun)(jun)進入汕(shan)頭(tou)(tou)市(shi),取得(de)了東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征(zheng)的(de)全面(mian)勝利。時任(ren)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)征(zheng)軍(jun)(jun)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)治部總主任(ren)的(de)周(zhou)恩來(lai)被(bei)(bei)國民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)任(ren)命為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan),領(ling)導惠(hui)、潮(chao)、梅(mei)三個(ge)地(di)區的(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。1926年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri),周(zhou)恩來(lai)在汕(shan)頭(tou)(tou)市(shi)外(wai)馬路東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)公(gong)署(shu)門口公(gong)布(bu)就職(zhi)通告。正(zheng)式就任(ren)。2月(yue)(yue)22日(ri)(ri)又(you)在此地(di)舉行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)會議(yi),各(ge)縣(xian)縣(xian)長、教(jiao)育局(ju)長及(ji)工(gong)(gong)、農、學(xue)、商(shang)、婦代(dai)表(biao)共(gong)95人(ren)參加,澎湃(pai)、楊石魂、杜(du)國癢(yang)、工(gong)(gong)鼎(ding)新也出席了會議(yi)。經過一(yi)星(xing)期的(de)議(yi)程,制訂出實業、交(jiao)通、文(wen)教(jiao)等(deng)十多個(ge)方面(mian)的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)方案,為(wei)(wei)振(zhen)興潮(chao)汕(shan)推行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)系(xi)列革命措(cuo)施。這次(ci)(ci)會議(yi),在東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)歷史(shi)上寫下了重(zhong)要的(de)一(yi)頁,開(kai)創了東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)革命的(de)新紀元(yuan)。1926年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)16日(ri)(ri),廣州(zhou)國民(min)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)接受(shou)周(zhou)恩來(lai)的(de)請(qing)求,宣布(bu)免去其東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)職(zhi)務。1928年(nian)4月(yue)(yue)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)各(ge)屬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)公(gong)署(shu)被(bei)(bei)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)江(jiang)善(shan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)委(wei)(wei)員(yuan)(yuan)公(gong)署(shu)替代(dai)。
1979年12月17日,廣東省革(ge)命委(wei)(wei)員會將公(gong)署舊址(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)布(bu)為第二批省級(ji)文物保(bao)護單位(wei),對研究中國革(ge)命史有一定的(de)價值(zhi),1995年初,汕(shan)頭市(shi)(shi)委(wei)(wei),市(shi)(shi)政府將其確定為汕(shan)頭市(shi)(shi)愛國主義教(jiao)育(yu)基地。現為汕(shan)頭市(shi)(shi)外馬路第三小(xiao)學校址(zhi)(zhi)。該建(jian)筑(zhu)具有較高的(de)革(ge)命歷(li)史紀(ji)念及史跡研究價值(zhi)。