勞(lao)動合同有什(shen)么用？勞(lao)動合同簽訂要注(zhu)意什(shen)么？

勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同是(shi)產(chan)生勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)法律關(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)法律事實，是(shi)建立(li)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)關(guan)系(xi)的(de)(de)基本形式。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者同用(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)訂立(li)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同，對(dui)于保障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者的(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)法權益，合(he)(he)(he)理使用(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力，增強企(qi)業(ye)活力，發(fa)揮勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)者的(de)(de)積(ji)極性和創造性，提高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)生產(chan)率(lv)，促進社會主(zhu)(zhu)義現代化建設，都有重要的(de)(de)作用(yong)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同的(de)(de)作用(yong)主(zhu)(zhu)要表現在以(yi)下幾方面(mian)：

(1)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)的重要保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)獲得(de)職業的權(quan)利。它(ta)是(shi)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)生存(cun)的權(quan)利。我國(guo)(guo)(guo)憲(xian)法規定：“中華人(ren)民共和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)公(gong)民有(you)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)的權(quan)利和(he)義務。”國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)通(tong)過憲(xian)法和(he)法律(lv)(lv)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)是(shi)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)的法律(lv)(lv)形式。它(ta)可以將(jiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)規定的客觀勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)變(bian)為勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)的主觀勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)訂(ding)立勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)，意(yi)味著勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)的實(shi)現(xian)(xian)，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)在合同(tong)期限(xian)內獲得(de)有(you)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)的工作(zuo)，用人(ren)單位不得(de)無(wu)故(gu)解除勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合同(tong)。國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)通(tong)過促進(jin)經(jing)濟和(he)社會發(fa)展，創造就業條(tiao)件，擴大就業機會，保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)權(quan)。

(2)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)是用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)、鞏固(gu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律(lv)、提(ti)高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產率的(de)(de)重要手段(duan)。用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)可(ke)以根據生(sheng)(sheng)產經營或工作需要確定招收錄(lu)用(yong)(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)時間、條件、方式(shi)和數量，并且通(tong)過與勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)簽(qian)訂(ding)不同(tong)(tong)類型、不同(tong)(tong)期限的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)，發(fa)揮勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)專長，做到(dao)人盡(jin)其(qi)才，合(he)(he)(he)(he)理使(shi)用(yong)(yong)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)。用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)享有(you)依法訂(ding)立、變更(geng)、解除(chu)、終止勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)自主權，勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能進(jin)能出，可(ke)以促進(jin)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)流動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，優化(hua)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)資源配置。勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)規定勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)必須遵(zun)守其(qi)所在(zai)單(dan)位(wei)內(nei)部(bu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)規則和其(qi)他規章制度，有(you)利于鞏固(gu)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)紀律(lv)。簽(qian)訂(ding)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)之(zhi)一是為了提(ti)高勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產率。只(zhi)要用(yong)(yong)人單(dan)位(wei)認真履行勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)合(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)，就能調動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)廣大勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)的(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)積(ji)極性(xing)，促進(jin)勞(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)生(sheng)(sheng)產率的(de)(de)提(ti)高。

(3)勞動(dong)合同(tong)是減(jian)(jian)少(shao)和防止發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)勞動(dong)爭議(yi)的(de)(de)(de)重要措施。在我(wo)國社(she)會主義制(zhi)度下(xia)，勞動(dong)者同(tong)用人單位的(de)(de)(de)根本(ben)利益是一致的(de)(de)(de)，但是由于(yu)種種原因(yin)也(ye)會產生(sheng)(sheng)矛盾，發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)勞動(dong)爭議(yi)。簽訂勞動(dong)合同(tong)，明確規(gui)定當(dang)事人雙(shuang)方的(de)(de)(de)權利和義務，有(you)助于(yu)提高雙(shuang)方履行合同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)自(zi)覺性，促使他們正確地行使權利，嚴格地履行義務。這樣，就可以減(jian)(jian)少(shao)和防止發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)勞動(dong)爭議(yi)。

普通員工簽訂注意事項

一、勞動(dong)合同簽訂(ding)的時(shi)間

自(zi)用(yong)工之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起(qi)一(yi)個月內訂(ding)立(li)書面(mian)勞動(dong)合(he)同即(ji)可。否(fou)則(ze)用(yong)人單位須向(xiang)勞動(dong)者支付雙(shuang)(shuang)倍工資(zi)。自(zi)用(yong)工之(zhi)日(ri)(ri)起(qi)超過一(yi)年未與勞動(dong)者簽訂(ding)書面(mian)勞動(dong)合(he)同的，視(shi)為雙(shuang)(shuang)方(fang)已經形成無固(gu)定期限勞動(dong)合(he)同。

二、勞動合同的期限

勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有三種(zhong)：有固定(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)、無固定(ding)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)和以完(wan)成(cheng)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)工作為期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)。所以用(yong)人單(dan)位與勞動(dong)者(zhe)在簽訂勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)時要根據(ju)雙(shuang)方的(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求來協商確定(ding)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。同(tong)(tong)時，如果有約定(ding)試用(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，試用(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是包含(han)在勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)內的(de)(de)(de)，若勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)僅約定(ding)試用(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)，試用(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)成(cheng)立，該期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)為勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。并且以完(wan)成(cheng)一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)工作為期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)或者(zhe)勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)限(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不(bu)滿3個月(yue)的(de)(de)(de)，依照勞動(dong)合(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)法規定(ding)該情(qing)形不(bu)得(de)約定(ding)試用(yong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

三(san)、對非全日制用工要特(te)別注意

1、非全日制勞動(dong)者在同一用(yong)人單位一般平均每日工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)間不超過(guo)4小時(shi)(shi)。每周工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)間累計(ji)不超過(guo)24小時(shi)(shi)。

2、非(fei)全日制用工不得(de)約定試用期(qi)。

3、非全日制用工小(xiao)時(shi)計(ji)酬標(biao)準(zhun)不得低于(yu)最低小(xiao)時(shi)工資標(biao)準(zhun)。

4、非全日制用工勞動報酬(chou)結算(suan)支付周(zhou)期最長不得超(chao)過15日。

5、用人單位(wei)必須為勞動者繳納(na)工(gong)傷保險，否則(ze)發生工(gong)傷事故則(ze)要承擔相關責任。

高級管理人員簽訂注意事項

一、聘(pin)(pin)任(ren)和解聘(pin)(pin)的問題

對于(yu)高(gao)級管(guan)理人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)聘(pin)任和解聘(pin)不(bu)同(tong)于(yu)一般的(de)(de)勞(lao)動者，他主要(yao)是(shi)由《公司(si)法》等法律專門規(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)，如依照(zhao)公司(si)法規(gui)定(ding)未經(jing)用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位(wei)董事會的(de)(de)決議，用(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位(wei)是(shi)無權(quan)直接聘(pin)任或解聘(pin)高(gao)級管(guan)理人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)。所(suo)以在簽訂(ding)勞(lao)動合同(tong)時要(yao)規(gui)定(ding)明確，以便(bian)和普通員(yuan)工(gong)的(de)(de)勞(lao)動合同(tong)區別開(kai)來。

二、加班費問題

對(dui)于高級(ji)管理人(ren)(ren)員來說，其工作性質是(shi)與普(pu)通勞(lao)動(dong)者不同的(de)(de)。在實(shi)務中，經常會(hui)有公司(si)的(de)(de)高級(ji)管理人(ren)(ren)員離職以后，向(xiang)公司(si)要求給付加(jia)班費(fei)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，所以用(yong)人(ren)(ren)單位在簽訂勞(lao)動(dong)合(he)同時應注(zhu)意解(jie)決(jue)這個問(wen)題(ti)(ti)。

三、保密條款

由于(yu)高(gao)級(ji)(ji)管理(li)人員會接觸到用(yong)人單(dan)位的商業(ye)秘密(mi)，所以為(wei)了防止高(gao)級(ji)(ji)管理(li)人員將商業(ye)秘密(mi)泄露給他人損害(hai)用(yong)人單(dan)位的利益，就需要在勞動合(he)同中增加保密(mi)條款，并且對(dui)違反保密(mi)條款時(shi)應承(cheng)擔的責任做好約定。

四、競業限制條款

競(jing)業(ye)(ye)限制是用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位對勞(lao)(lao)動者在(zai)用(yong)(yong)工時或(huo)終止、解除勞(lao)(lao)動合同(tong)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)一定期限內(nei)不得經營同(tong)類(lei)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)或(huo)在(zai)與(yu)本(ben)單(dan)位有競(jing)爭關系的(de)(de)(de)其他用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位任職，也不得自己生產與(yu)原單(dan)位有競(jing)爭關系的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)類(lei)產品或(huo)經營同(tong)類(lei)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)。為了更好的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護用(yong)(yong)人(ren)單(dan)位的(de)(de)(de)利(li)益，在(zai)與(yu)高(gao)級管理人(ren)員簽(qian)訂的(de)(de)(de)勞(lao)(lao)動合同(tong)中根據實際情況添(tian)加(jia)競(jing)業(ye)(ye)限制條款。