一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一般認(ren)為(wei)，陶(tao)瓷是良好的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣體(ti)，它一般不(bu)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)，因(yin)為(wei)原子(zi)的(de)(de)外層電(dian)子(zi)通常(chang)受到原子(zi)核的(de)(de)吸引力，被束縛在各(ge)自(zi)原子(zi)的(de)(de)周圍，不(bu)能自(zi)由(you)運動，不(bu)過電(dian)子(zi)陶(tao)瓷具有極為(wei)寬廣(guang)的(de)(de)電(dian)氣特性，從(cong)一般的(de)(de)絕(jue)緣體(ti)，到半導(dao)(dao)體(ti)，導(dao)(dao)體(ti)、甚至超(chao)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)，都有不(bu)同的(de)(de)電(dian)子(zi)陶(tao)瓷產品。

電(dian)子陶瓷(ci)(ci)的(de)種(zhong)(zhong)類眾多(duo)，其(qi)中(zhong)絕緣陶瓷(ci)(ci)裝置瓷(ci)(ci)和介電(dian)陶瓷(ci)(ci)是(shi)絕緣體(ti)(ti)(ti)，半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)陶瓷(ci)(ci)是(shi)半(ban)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，離子陶瓷(ci)(ci)是(shi)導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，還有一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)超導(dao)陶瓷(ci)(ci)屬于超導(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一般是通過一定的工(gong)藝(yi)處理(li)，使其(qi)具有導電功能的。

某(mou)些氧化物陶瓷加熱時，處于原子外層的(de)(de)電子可以(yi)獲得足夠的(de)(de)能量，以(yi)便克(ke)服原子核對它的(de)(de)吸引力，而成為可以(yi)自由(you)運動(dong)的(de)(de)自由(you)電子，這種(zhong)陶瓷就變(bian)成導電陶瓷。

一般(ban)當電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)通過材(cai)料時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)可(ke)以有兩種(zhong)方式通過晶格運(yun)動(dong)(dong)來(lai)完成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)輸運(yun)過程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)脫離(li)原子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)成(cheng)為自由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，在(zai)晶格中運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，形成(cheng)所(suo)(suo)謂的電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)與(yu)原子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)核一起移動(dong)(dong)產生所(suo)(suo)謂的離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。對金(jin)屬來(lai)說(shuo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)其導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的主(zhu)要(yao)方式，相比(bi)之下(xia)，離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)幾乎可(ke)忽略不計；但對于(yu)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)陶瓷來(lai)說(shuo)，由(you)于(yu)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)活化(hua)能(neng)比(bi)較低（一般(ban)在(zai)0.5eV以下(xia)），離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)已不容(rong)忽視，是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)陶瓷的主(zhu)要(yao)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方式。