一、電子陶瓷是絕緣體還是導體

一般(ban)認(ren)為(wei)，陶瓷是良好的(de)絕緣(yuan)體，它一般(ban)不導(dao)(dao)電(dian)，因為(wei)原子(zi)的(de)外層電(dian)子(zi)通常受到原子(zi)核的(de)吸引力，被束(shu)縛(fu)在(zai)各自(zi)原子(zi)的(de)周(zhou)圍(wei)，不能自(zi)由(you)運動，不過電(dian)子(zi)陶瓷具有極為(wei)寬廣的(de)電(dian)氣特(te)性(xing)，從一般(ban)的(de)絕緣(yuan)體，到半導(dao)(dao)體，導(dao)(dao)體、甚至超導(dao)(dao)體，都(dou)有不同(tong)的(de)電(dian)子(zi)陶瓷產品。

電子陶(tao)瓷的種類眾多，其中絕緣陶(tao)瓷裝置(zhi)瓷和(he)介電陶(tao)瓷是絕緣體(ti)，半導(dao)體(ti)陶(tao)瓷是半導(dao)體(ti)，離子陶(tao)瓷是導(dao)體(ti)，還有一(yi)種超(chao)(chao)導(dao)陶(tao)瓷屬于超(chao)(chao)導(dao)體(ti)。

二、電子陶瓷導電原理是什么

電子陶瓷有的導電，有的不導電，導電的電子陶瓷一般(ban)是通過(guo)一定的工藝處理，使其具有(you)導電功能的。

某(mou)些(xie)氧化物(wu)陶(tao)瓷(ci)加熱時，處于原(yuan)子(zi)外層(ceng)的(de)電(dian)子(zi)可(ke)以(yi)獲(huo)得足(zu)夠的(de)能量(liang)，以(yi)便(bian)克服原(yuan)子(zi)核對(dui)它的(de)吸(xi)引力，而成(cheng)為可(ke)以(yi)自由運動(dong)的(de)自由電(dian)子(zi)，這(zhe)種陶(tao)瓷(ci)就變成(cheng)導(dao)電(dian)陶(tao)瓷(ci)。

一(yi)(yi)般當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流通(tong)過(guo)(guo)材料時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)可(ke)以有兩種方(fang)式(shi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)晶格運(yun)動(dong)來完成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷輸(shu)運(yun)過(guo)(guo)程：①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)脫(tuo)離(li)(li)(li)原子(zi)(zi)成為自由(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)，在晶格中運(yun)動(dong)，形成所謂(wei)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)與原子(zi)(zi)核(he)一(yi)(yi)起移動(dong)產(chan)生所謂(wei)的離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。對(dui)(dui)金屬(shu)來說，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是其(qi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的主(zhu)要方(fang)式(shi)，相比之下，離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)幾(ji)乎可(ke)忽略(lve)不(bu)計；但對(dui)(dui)于導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)來說，由(you)于離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)活(huo)化能比較低(di)（一(yi)(yi)般在0.5eV以下），離(li)(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已不(bu)容忽視，是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)陶(tao)瓷(ci)(ci)的主(zhu)要導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)。