保(bao)鮮膜(mo)的危害 選擇(ze)保(bao)鮮膜(mo)要(yao)分清用途
保鮮膜的危害
目前,用保鮮(xian)膜(mo)(mo)包裝出售的食(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)在大大小(xiao)小(xiao)的超市隨處可見,并且(qie)被愈(yu)來(lai)愈(yu)多(duo)的家(jia)庭所接受。保鮮(xian)膜(mo)(mo)輕(qing)輕(qing)一(yi)蓋(gai),保住食(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)的美味(wei),為料理食(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)帶來(lai)了極大便利。但是,越來(lai)越多(duo)的研究發現,這種隨手可得的方便,其實并不安全。
為了增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加其黏性(xing)、透(tou)明度和彈性(xing),聚氯乙(yi)烯保(bao)鮮(xian)膜中(zhong)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)加了一定量的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)塑(su)劑,而增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)塑(su)劑含有(you)一種(zhong)化合(he)藥(yao)劑,它(ta)對人體內分泌系(xi)統有(you)很大破壞(huai)作用,會(hui)擾(rao)亂人體的(de)(de)激素代謝。經過長時間的(de)(de)包裹(guo),食物(wu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)油脂很容易將保(bao)鮮(xian)膜中(zhong)的(de)(de)有(you)害物(wu)質溶解,并(bing)且在(zai)加熱(re)時,會(hui)加速增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)塑(su)劑中(zhong)化合(he)藥(yao)劑釋放到食物(wu)中(zhong),食用后會(hui)引起婦女患(huan)乳腺癌、新生兒(er)先天(tian)缺陷(xian)、男(nan)性(xing)精蟲數降低,甚(shen)至精神疾病等。目(mu)前(qian),增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)塑(su)劑在(zai)歐洲(zhou)已被限制使(shi)用,在(zai)韓國被明令禁止使(shi)用。
選擇保鮮膜要分清用途
目前,市場上(shang)(shang)的保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)大體(ti)分為兩類(lei),一類(lei)是(shi)(shi)普(pu)通保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo),適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)冰箱保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian);一類(lei)是(shi)(shi)微(wei)波(bo)(bo)爐(lu)保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo),既可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)冰箱保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),又可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)微(wei)波(bo)(bo)爐(lu),消費者在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)上(shang)(shang)要特別注意區別使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。沒有(you)注明適用(yong)(yong)微(wei)波(bo)(bo)爐(lu)的保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo),就不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)在(zai)(zai)微(wei)波(bo)(bo)爐(lu)煮(zhu)食(shi)(shi)及(ji)加熱用(yong)(yong)。即(ji)使(shi)有(you)些保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)聲(sheng)稱可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)微(wei)波(bo)(bo)爐(lu),使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時間(jian)也(ye)不(bu)(bu)宜(yi)過長,以防止食(shi)(shi)物溫度上(shang)(shang)升而導致(zhi)保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)融化(hua),粘在(zai)(zai)食(shi)(shi)物上(shang)(shang)。保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)與食(shi)(shi)物表面最少應(ying)有(you)25毫米(mi)空隙。而選(xuan)擇耐(nai)熱玻(bo)璃、瓷盤等來代替保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)覆蓋食(shi)(shi)物是(shi)(shi)一個古老卻(que)很有(you)效的方法(fa),這樣可避免保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)融化(hua)和保(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)膜(mo)(mo)中的增塑劑被食(shi)(shi)物吸收(shou)。
盡量不要帶著保鮮膜加熱食品
保(bao)鮮膜(mo)(mo)(mo)中可(ke)能(neng)含有鄰(lin)苯二甲酸鹽和DEHA 等(deng)化學物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi),微波(bo)爐加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)后會產生致癌物(wu)(wu)(wu)。因(yin)此食(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)包裝任何保(bao)鮮膜(mo)(mo)(mo)時,最(zui)好不要使用(yong)微波(bo)爐烹調或(huo)在蒸籠、電飯鍋中加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re);即使沒有接觸到也(ye)最(zui)好去除保(bao)鮮膜(mo)(mo)(mo)。平時保(bao)存食(shi)品(pin)時,多多改(gai)用(yong)有蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)的(de)瓷碗(wan)盤或(huo)不銹鋼容器。如(ru)果可(ke)能(neng)的(de)話,買肉(rou)時,盡(jin)量(liang)用(yong)自備(bei)紙來包肉(rou)。食(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)裝在無蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)的(de)陶瓷碗(wan)內,如(ru)果上面(mian)附(fu)蓋(gai)(gai)(gai)保(bao)鮮膜(mo)(mo)(mo),不要裝滿以免碰(peng)到食(shi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。
保鮮膜、保鮮袋、保鮮盒你選哪一個?
保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)膜適合保(bao)(bao)存水分較大的水果和蔬菜(cai)。比(bi)如(ru)蘋果、梨、西(xi)紅柿、油(you)菜(cai)、韭(jiu)黃等,不(bu)但能(neng)長時(shi)間保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)(xian),還會增加其(qi)中的一(yi)(yi)些營(ying)養素。實(shi)驗(yan)表(biao)明(ming),100克(ke)(ke)裹(guo)上(shang)保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)膜的韭(jiu)黃,24小時(shi)后其(qi)維生素C含(han)量(liang)比(bi)不(bu)裹(guo)時(shi)要多1.33毫克(ke)(ke),油(you)菜(cai)、萵苣葉(xie)多1.92毫克(ke)(ke)。但有些蔬菜(cai)的實(shi)驗(yan)結果卻相反(fan),100克(ke)(ke)裹(guo)上(shang)保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)(xian)膜的蘿卜存放一(yi)(yi)天后,其(qi)維生素C含(han)量(liang)減(jian)少了3.4毫克(ke)(ke),豆角(jiao)減(jian)少3.8毫克(ke)(ke),黃瓜存放一(yi)(yi)天一(yi)(yi)夜后,其(qi)維生素C的損失(shi)量(liang)相當于5個蘋果。對于這些蔬菜(cai),盡早(zao)食用是最好的方(fang)法。
對(dui)于饅頭、點心這(zhe)樣的主食,用保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)膜顯(xian)然很不方便,相比(bi)來看,保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)袋比(bi)較厚,透氣性(xing)不是很好,相對(dui)適(shi)合一些(xie),但使用時盡(jin)量不要(yao)把(ba)口封死。
熟食(shi)(shi)、熱食(shi)(shi)、含油脂的(de)食(shi)(shi)物(wu),特別是(shi)肉類,最好不要用(yong)保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)膜或保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)袋(dai)包(bao)裝儲存。這些(xie)食(shi)(shi)物(wu)和(he)保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)膜、袋(dai)接(jie)觸后,很容易(yi)使其材(cai)料(liao)中所含的(de)化(hua)學成分揮發,溶解(jie)到食(shi)(shi)物(wu)中,對健康不利。目前市場上出(chu)售(shou)的(de)絕大(da)部分保(bao)(bao)鮮(xian)膜和(he)常用(yong)的(de)塑料(liao)袋(dai)一樣,都是(shi)以乙(yi)(yi)烯母料(liao)為原(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)制作而(er)成。有的(de)材(cai)料(liao)是(shi)聚氯乙(yi)(yi)烯(簡稱PVC), 這種材(cai)料(liao)經(jing)常加入穩定(ding)劑(ji)(ji)、潤滑劑(ji)(ji)、輔助加工劑(ji)(ji)等原(yuan)料(liao),對人體有一定(ding)危害。因此,建議大(da)家(jia)恢復多(duo)年(nian)前使用(yong)瓷(ci)質碗盤盛放的(de)習慣(guan)。
保(bao)鮮盒(he)的(de)(de)作用(yong)主要(yao)是密封(feng),可以有(you)效(xiao)地將生熟(shu)(shu)食(shi)(shi)品隔(ge)(ge)離儲(chu)存(cun),阻隔(ge)(ge)氣(qi)(qi)味(wei)的(de)(de)飄散。所以,從超市里買回來(lai)的(de)(de)熟(shu)(shu)肉制品、吃剩下的(de)(de)熟(shu)(shu)肉制品、有(you)濃烈氣(qi)(qi)味(wei)的(de)(de)食(shi)(shi)品,最好及(ji)時用(yong)保(bao)鮮盒(he)封(feng)存(cun)起來(lai),一方面避免細菌交叉感染(ran),另(ling)一方面也可以保(bao)證食(shi)(shi)品不串味(wei)。精(jing)品購物指南(nan)?