五(wu)(wu)(wu)方(fang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)老(lao)(lao)(lao)天(tian)(tian)君,為(wei)東南西北(bei)中(zhong)五(wu)(wu)(wu)方(fang)之天(tian)(tian)神,一(yi)說為(wei)元(yuan)始天(tian)(tian)王所化。中(zhong)國個道派以(yi)三(san)清為(wei)始,比如全真道以(yi)太上(shang)老(lao)(lao)(lao)君為(wei)主,五(wu)(wu)(wu)方(fang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)老(lao)(lao)(lao)為(wei)元(yuan)始天(tian)(tian)尊為(wei)主。五(wu)(wu)(wu)方(fang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)老(lao)(lao)(lao)的名號分(fen)別為(wei)東方(fang)青帝(di)青靈(ling)始老(lao)(lao)(lao)九炁天(tian)(tian)君、南方(fang)赤帝(di)丹靈(ling)真老(lao)(lao)(lao)三(san)炁天(tian)(tian)君、中(zhong)央黃帝(di)玄(xuan)(xuan)靈(ling)黃老(lao)(lao)(lao)一(yi)炁天(tian)(tian)君、西方(fang)白(bai)帝(di)皓靈(ling)皇老(lao)(lao)(lao)七炁天(tian)(tian)君、北(bei)方(fang)黑帝(di)五(wu)(wu)(wu)靈(ling)玄(xuan)(xuan)老(lao)(lao)(lao)五(wu)(wu)(wu)炁天(tian)(tian)君。
五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)老君(jun)(jun)是(shi)道(dao)教初期的五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)方神(shen)靈,亦(yi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)”。 五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)方五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)老君(jun)(jun)是(shi)歷代帝(di)王祭(ji)祀的對象,“在(zai)(zai)(zai)天中(zhong)則(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)老上帝(di),在(zai)(zai)(zai)天文則(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)座及(ji)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)方五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)星(xing),在(zai)(zai)(zai)神(shen)靈則(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)方五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di),在(zai)(zai)(zai)山岳則(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)岳圣帝(di),在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)身則(ze)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)臟神(shen)君(jun)(jun)”。他們與元(yuan)始(shi)(shi)天尊(zun)一(yi)樣,非后天學而得真者,為天地開(kai)辟之(zhi)前的先天神(shen)靈,所以(yi)又稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)元(yuan)始(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)老,五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)行之(zhi)始(shi)(shi)、五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氣之(zhi)祖(zu)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)道(dao)教神(shen)仙體系中(zhong),五(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)老君(jun)(jun)沒有(you)具體職司,但地位崇(chong)尊(zun)。
以下五老(lao)對應泰山、衡山、嵩(song)山、華(hua)山、恒山。
東方青靈始老(lao)天君,號稱東方木德青帝(di)太(tai)昊伏羲(xi),木帝(di)也(ye),其精星。下應泰山神仙;
南方(fang)(fang)丹(dan)靈(ling)真老天君,號稱(cheng)南方(fang)(fang)火(huo)德赤帝(di)炎帝(di)神(shen)農,火(huo)帝(di)也(ye),其精熒屏,下應衡山神(shen)仙(xian);
元靈元老君(jun),中央土(tu)德黃帝(di)軒轅(yuan),土(tu)帝(di)也,其精鎮星,下(xia)應嵩(song)山神(shen)仙;
西方(fang)豪靈皇帝老天君,號稱(cheng)西方(fang)金(jin)德白(bai)帝金(jin)天少昊,金(jin)帝也,其精華太白(bai),下應(ying)華山神仙;
北方五靈玄老(lao)天君,號稱北方水德黑(hei)帝(di)朱旭,水帝(di)也,其精星,下應恒山神仙。
此外(wai),還有五(wu)老監真(zhen)之(zhi)稱:綿(mian)山是五(wu)方(fang)神(shen)會群仙之(zhi)所,因(yin)此善男信女(nv)建此殿供奉。
【東(dong)方青帝青靈始老九炁天(tian)(tian)君(jun)】號曰青帝。頭戴青精玉冠(guan),衣九氣(qi)青羽衣。常駕蒼龍,建鶉旗(qi),從神(shen)甲乙,官將九十萬(wan)人(ren)。上(shang)導九天(tian)(tian)之和氣(qi),下引九泉(quan)之流芳,養二(er)儀以(yi)長存,護(hu)陰(yin)陽以(yi)永昌。
【南方赤(chi)帝丹靈真老三炁天君】號曰(yue)赤(chi)帝。頭戴赤(chi)精玉冠,衣(yi)三氣丹羽(yu)飛(fei)衣(yi)。常(chang)駕(jia)丹龍,建(jian)朱旗,從(cong)神丙丁,官將三十萬人。上導泰清玄元之(zhi)(zhi)靈化,下和(he)三氣之(zhi)(zhi)陶镕,令萬物之(zhi)(zhi)永存,運天精之(zhi)(zhi)南夏。
【中(zhong)央黃(huang)(huang)帝玄靈(ling)黃(huang)(huang)老一炁天君】號(hao)曰黃(huang)(huang)帝。頭戴(dai)黃(huang)(huang)精玉冠(guan),衣五色飛衣。常駕(jia)黃(huang)(huang)龍,建黃(huang)(huang)旗,從神戊己,官將(jiang)十(shi)二萬(wan)人。上(shang)等(deng)自然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)和,下旋五土之(zhi)(zhi)靈(ling),天地守(shou)以不虧,陰陽用之(zhi)(zhi)不傾。
【西方白(bai)帝皓靈皇老七(qi)(qi)炁天(tian)君】號曰白(bai)帝。頭戴白(bai)精玉冠,衣(yi)白(bai)羽飛衣(yi)。常駕白(bai)龍,建(jian)素旗,從神庚辛,官將七(qi)(qi)十萬人。上(shang)導洪精于(yu)上(shang)天(tian),下和眾生于(yu)靈衢。
【北(bei)方黑(hei)(hei)帝五靈玄(xuan)老(lao)五炁天(tian)君】號曰黑(hei)(hei)帝。頭戴(dai)玄(xuan)精(jing)玉冠,衣玄(xuan)羽飛(fei)衣。 常駕黑(hei)(hei)龍,建皂旗,從神壬癸,官將五十(shi)萬人(ren)。上導五帝之流氣,下拯生(sheng)生(sheng)之眾和,護二儀而不傾,保群命以永(yong)安(an)。