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歷史沿革

天(tian)津(jin)(jin)中山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)所在(zai)地(di)原為(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)津(jin)(jin)鹽商張霖(lin)瑩的思源莊。1907年(nian)（清光緒三十三年(nian)），中山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)建成，該公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)北(bei)起大(da)經路(lu)（今(jin)河北(bei)區中山(shan)(shan)路(lu)），南至金鐘河（現(xian)今(jin)已被(bei)填平(ping)），東(dong)臨(lin)昆(kun)緯路(lu)，西靠近北(bei)洋造幣總廠，共(gong)占(zhan)地(di)90余畝(mu)，初名“勸(quan)業(ye)會(hui)場”。1912年(nian)（民(min)(min)國(guo)元年(nian)）更名為(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)津(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)”，不(bu)久又(you)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“河北(bei)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)”。在(zai)北(bei)伐成功(gong)后，國(guo)民(min)(min)政府為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀念孫中山(shan)(shan)先生(sheng)而將(jiang)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)改(gai)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)現(xian)名，并將(jiang)原來公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)北(bei)邊的大(da)經路(lu)改(gai)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中山(shan)(shan)路(lu)至今(jin)。1919年(nian)（民(min)(min)國(guo)8年(nian)）6月9日，天(tian)津(jin)(jin)各界人士在(zai)中山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)舉行大(da)會(hui)，聲援北(bei)京愛國(guo)學生(sheng)的五四運動，要求取消喪權辱國(guo)的二(er)十一(yi)條(tiao)，和拒(ju)絕在(zai)巴黎和約上(shang)簽字。1936年(nian)（民(min)(min)國(guo)25年(nian)）天(tian)津(jin)(jin)被(bei)日本占(zhan)領，公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)又(you)改(gai)稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)“天(tian)津(jin)(jin)第(di)二(er)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)”。中華人民(min)(min)共(gong)和國(guo)建國(guo)后恢(hui)復(fu)中山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的名稱(cheng)。

早期建設

天津中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)早(zao)期建園(yuan)(yuan)時(shi)，其(qi)面(mian)(mian)積比現(xian)(xian)在(zai)大接(jie)近3倍。在(zai)這(zhe)個倘大的(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)里，設(she)計是以(yi)“西學東進，中(zhong)(zhong)西合(he)璧”為(wei)(wei)理念，將(jiang)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)傳統園(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)藝術(shu)和西方建筑形(xing)式(shi)結(jie)合(he)起來。公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)花(hua)園(yuan)(yuan)和公(gong)(gong)(gong)共設(she)施為(wei)(wei)基礎。早(zao)期的(de)天津中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)于公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)前門面(mian)(mian)臨大經(jing)路（即(ji)現(xian)(xian)今(jin)十月影(ying)院大門南食(shi)品街出口處），建立(li)四柱牌樓，中(zhong)(zhong)間橫匾寫有(you)“勸業(ye)會場”四字。大門內(nei)路面(mian)(mian)寬闊，兩(liang)側設(she)有(you)店鋪。二門為(wei)(wei)過街鐘(zhong)樓（現(xian)(xian)今(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)正門處），樓上鑲嵌清朝國(guo)產自鳴鐘(zhong)，報時(shi)的(de)時(shi)候方圓數里都可以(yi)聽到其(qi)鐘(zhong)聲。再進園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)有(you)小湖和假(jia)山(shan)，假(jia)山(shan)上矗立(li)觀音(yin)雕(diao)像(xiang)，手持(chi)寶瓶向(xiang)下注水，山(shan)下有(you)水池(chi)承接(jie)，而池(chi)畔有(you)可噴(pen)水的(de)石雕(diao)小像(xiang)。園(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)遍植花(hua)木，而羊腸小徑(jing)在(zai)花(hua)木中(zhong)(zhong)穿插。

修繕重建

日本侵華時(shi)期，天津(jin)(jin)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)被日軍占據，并(bing)遭到嚴重破壞。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人民共(gong)和國成立(li)(li)后(hou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)雖屢加修建(jian)，但己不復(fu)(fu)早年(nian)(nian)的(de)容貌(mao)。戰后(hou)政(zheng)府為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)該市為(wei)(wei)(wei)國捐軀的(de)偉人烈士，便(bian)在(zai)園(yuan)內(nei)分別(bie)矗立(li)(li)“魏士毅(yi)女(nv)士紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)”、“天津(jin)(jin)十五(wu)烈士紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)”及“南皮張氏(shi)兩(liang)烈女(nv)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)等”。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，建(jian)于(yu)(yu)1929年(nian)(nian)并(bing)于(yu)(yu)1984年(nian)(nian)復(fu)(fu)立(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)西側的(de)“魏士毅(yi)女(nv)士紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)”和建(jian)于(yu)(yu)1931年(nian)(nian)并(bing)于(yu)(yu)1984年(nian)(nian)復(fu)(fu)立(li)(li)于(yu)(yu)現中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)南側的(de)“天津(jin)(jin)十五(wu)烈士紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)”目前(qian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)天津(jin)(jin)市文物保護單位，而中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)亦被國家定為(wei)(wei)(wei)“革命歷(li)史(shi)紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)地(di)”。1996年(nian)(nian)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)先生誕辰130周年(nian)(nian)，天津(jin)(jin)市河北區人民政(zheng)府在(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)內(nei)矗立(li)(li)孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)塑像和紀(ji)念(nian)(nian)碑(bei)(bei)(bei)，碑(bei)(bei)(bei)陽為(wei)(wei)(wei)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)記》，紀(ji)錄(lu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)歷(li)史(shi)沿革；碑(bei)(bei)(bei)陰為(wei)(wei)(wei)《孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)演講(jiang)辭》，紀(ji)錄(lu)孫中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)(shan)先生當(dang)年(nian)(nian)在(zai)公(gong)(gong)(gong)園(yuan)的(de)演說。

園內風景

景區特點

公園初建時規模宏(hong)大，入(ru)門處(chu)有觀世音雕像。門樓上裝國產(chan)報時自(zi)鳴鐘(zhong)，報時之聲傳及數里。園內有藝圃亭臺、土石假(jia)山，還(huan)有禽獸動物(wu)。并設有圖書館、工商(shang)品(pin)陳列(lie)所、美術館等(deng)。

天津中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)園是由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國人設(she)計和建(jian)造的公(gong)共園林。初名勸(quan)業(ye)會場，在設(she)計上(shang)將中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國傳統造園藝術與(yu)西方建(jian)筑形式有機結合(he)，有花園，又有公(gong)共設(she)施，既(ji)是娛樂去處，又是公(gong)共活動場所。

主要景點

天津十五烈士紀念碑

天津十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)烈士(shi)紀念碑(bei)位(wei)于現中山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)南側，它銘刻著大(da)革命時(shi)期犧牲的(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)位(wei)英烈的(de)光輝事(shi)跡(ji)，記(ji)載了(le)第一次國共合作時(shi)的(de)令人難忘的(de)一段(duan)歷史。 1931年，天津各(ge)界人士(shi)為紀念他們，在中山(shan)公(gong)園(yuan)立碑(bei)公(gong)祈(qi)。碑(bei)文(wen)(wen)中除記(ji)述十(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)烈士(shi)之外，另將新軍閥(fa)混戰(zhan)時(shi)死于1930年的(de)張志全、王弢樓二人補入，成(cheng)為“十(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)烈士(shi)”。國民黨這樣做，不過(guo)是為了(le)欺騙人民美化自己罷(ba)了(le)。此(ci)碑(bei)“文(wen)(wen)革”中被遺棄，埋入地(di)下(xia)。1984年天津市(shi)人民政(zheng)府復立此(ci)碑(bei)，并列為區(qu)級重點文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)。后又被列入市(shi)級文(wen)(wen)物(wu)保護單位(wei)。

孫中山先生銅像

2006年(nian)11月8日孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山先生(sheng)銅(tong)像(xiang)落成，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山公(gong)園(yuan)內占(zhan)地1100多平方米的(de)花壇上立起(qi)一座嶄新的(de)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山全身銅(tong)像(xiang)，黃楊(yang)簇擁，偉(wei)岸莊重(zhong)。這是孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山先生(sheng)的(de)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)女、美(mei)籍華(hua)人(ren)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)穗芳博(bo)士捐建的(de)。該銅(tong)像(xiang)表現了1912年(nian)孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山在原河北公(gong)園(yuan)演(yan)講時(shi)的(de)風采。銅(tong)像(xiang)高(gao)2.2米、重(zhong)兩噸(dun)，安裝(zhuang)在2.3米高(gao)的(de)基座上。銅(tong)像(xiang)背面(mian)篆刻了孫(sun)(sun)(sun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山當年(nian)的(de)演(yan)講全文。

地理交通

地址：天津市(shi)河北區中山路公園路

開(kai)放時間：全天免費開(kai)放

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