簡介
1713年(nian)（清康(kang)熙(xi)五十(shi)二年(nian)），諸蒙(meng)古王(wang)公為(wei)慶賀康(kang)熙(xi)帝60壽(shou)辰，上書(shu)“奏請”在承德避暑山(shan)莊外，圍建一寺院(yuan)作慶壽(shou)盛會之(zhi)所。康(kang)熙(xi)帝欣然“恩準”，遂建造了溥(pu)(pu)(pu)仁(ren)、溥(pu)(pu)(pu)善二寺。溥(pu)(pu)(pu)善寺早已荒廢，溥(pu)(pu)(pu)仁(ren)寺便成(cheng)康(kang)熙(xi)年(nian)間僅存的廟宇。溥(pu)(pu)(pu)通普，普遍(bian)、廣(guang)大意，有皇帝深仁(ren)厚(hou)愛普及(ji)天下(xia)之(zhi)意。慈云普陰殿(dian)，單檐(yan)歇山(shan)頂，描(miao)金(jin)彩(cai)繪(hui)，雕(diao)梁畫棟(dong)，光彩(cai)奪目。殿(dian)內供(gong)過去佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)迦葉佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)、如今佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)釋迦牟尼佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)、未來佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)彌勒(le)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)。釋迦佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)兩側為(wei)其(qi)兩大弟子迦葉和阿難(nan)。東西壇上供(gong)姿態各異的十(shi)八(ba)羅漢。天花板(ban)上有密宗(zong)六字真言。寶相長新殿(dian)，單檐(yan)硬山(shan)布(bu)瓦頂，檐(yan)柱描(miao)金(jin)彩(cai)繪(hui)。內供(gong)9尊(zun)無量壽(shou)佛(fo)(fo)(fo)(fo)。
溥仁寺
歷史背景
溥仁(ren)寺(si)(si)、溥善(shan)寺(si)(si)位避暑(shu)山莊東，武烈河(he)(he)東岸。溥仁(ren)寺(si)(si)在(zai)前，占地3.4公(gong)頃，俗稱前寺(si)(si)；溥善(shan)寺(si)(si)在(zai)后(hou)，占地1.1公(gong)頃，俗稱后(hou)寺(si)(si)。溥仁(ren)、溥善(shan)是(shi)外八廟中(zhong)康(kang)熙(xi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)間建造(zao)(zao)的(de)(de)(de)兩座(zuo)寺(si)(si)廟。1690年(nian)(nian)(nian)（康(kang)熙(xi)二十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)）取得(de)了平息厄魯特蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)準葛爾(er)部(bu)民族(zu)分(fen)(fen)裂分(fen)(fen)子噶(ga)爾(er)丹的(de)(de)(de)判亂勝利。到1713年(nian)(nian)(nian)（康(kang)熙(xi)五十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)），漠北、漠南、喀爾(er)喀等蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)地區出現了20余年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)(de)安定局面，發(fa)展(zhan)了這些地區的(de)(de)(de)牧業生產，密切了蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)各部(bu)與(yu)清中(zhong)央政府的(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)。這一年(nian)(nian)(nian)是(shi)康(kang)熙(xi)的(de)(de)(de)60壽辰，“眾蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)部(bu)落，咸(xian)至闕(que)廷，奉(feng)行朝賀(he)，不謀同辭，具疏陳墾，愿建剎(cha)宇，為(wei)聯祝(zhu)厘”，康(kang)熙(xi)允其所請，于是(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)熱(re)河(he)(he)建造(zao)(zao)了這兩座(zuo)寺(si)(si)廟，供蒙(meng)(meng)古(gu)諸(zhu)部(bu)大(da)聚會使(shi)用，取“寓(yu)施仁(ren)政于遠荒”之意分(fen)(fen)別題(ti)名“溥仁(ren)寺(si)(si)”、“溥善(shan)寺(si)(si)”。
建筑特色
溥仁寺
溥(pu)仁寺按標準的(de)(de)漢(han)式迦藍七(qi)堂規制建(jian)造，山門(men)(men)面(mian)闊三(san)(san)楹(ying)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)深兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，兩側設(she)腰門(men)(men)。進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)山門(men)(men)東西(xi)兩側立(li)幢桿各一，幢桿北(bei)擺(bai)鐘、鼓樓。山門(men)(men)正北(bei)為天王殿(dian)，面(mian)闊三(san)(san)楹(ying)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)深兩間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，兩側設(she)腰墻(qiang)(qiang)。腰門(men)(men)與后(hou)部相(xiang)隔(ge)(ge)，形成(cheng)(cheng)一進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)落(luo)。二(er)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)落(luo)正北(bei)為正殿(dian)名(ming)大(da)(da)雄寶(bao)殿(dian)，門(men)(men)額“慈(ci)云(yun)普蔭(yin)”，面(mian)闊七(qi)楹(ying)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)深五(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，周圍廊，前(qian)后(hou)檐(yan)明次間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)隔(ge)(ge)扇門(men)(men)，前(qian)據稍間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)檻(jian)窗(chuang)，后(hou)檐(yan)稍間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)封(feng)實墻(qiang)(qiang)。檐(yan)下用(yong)重昂五(wu)踩斗拱(gong)，單檐(yan)歇山，黃琉(liu)璃瓦頂。中三(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)后(hou)老(lao)檐(yan)前(qian)增設(she)金柱四(si)根，柱之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)封(feng)屏(ping)壁，形成(cheng)(cheng)夾道(dao)通后(hou)院(yuan)。屏(ping)壁前(qian)供(gong)主尊三(san)(san)世佛，左右山墻(qiang)(qiang)置(zhi)壇，供(gong)十八羅漢(han)，這些佛像均用(yong)昂貴的(de)(de)髹漆(qi)夾擰塑造。墻(qiang)(qiang)壁不施彩繪，頂棚設(she)“六字真言”井(jing)口(kou)天花(hua)。殿(dian)內(nei)橫額“具大(da)(da)自在”，條幅“以清凈果證因(yin)護持斯萬(wan)，現廣(guang)長舌說法聲震大(da)(da)千”。慈(ci)云(yun)普蔭(yin)殿(dian)之前(qian)東西(xi)各立(li)御制石碑(bei)一通，記述(shu)建(jian)廟背景，左右有(you)配(pei)殿(dian)，面(mian)闊各五(wu)楹(ying)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)深三(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。過慈(ci)云(yun)普蔭(yin)為三(san)(san)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)落(luo)，主殿(dian)名(ming)寶(bao)相(xiang)長新，面(mian)闊九(jiu)(jiu)楹(ying)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)深三(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。中三(san)(san)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)廊，每間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)裝隔(ge)(ge)扇，其余(yu)設(she)檻(jian)窗(chuang)，檐(yan)下施三(san)(san)踩單昂斗拱(gong)，布瓦硬山屋(wu)頂。殿(dian)內(nei)供(gong)9尊無量壽佛，表九(jiu)(jiu)九(jiu)(jiu)萬(wan)壽。井(jing)口(kou)天花(hua)為六字真言圖案(an)。主殿(dian)前(qian)有(you)東西(xi)配(pei)殿(dian)各五(wu)間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，均由廊廡與后(hou)殿(dian)相(xiang)連，形成(cheng)(cheng)三(san)(san)面(mian)封(feng)閉的(de)(de)院(yuan)落(luo)。三(san)(san)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)院(yuan)落(luo)之后(hou)有(you)大(da)(da)塊平地，廣(guang)植松、榆，今無存(cun)。
其他相關·溥(pu)善寺形(xing)制大體與溥(pu)仁(ren)寺相(xiang)同(tong)，不同(tong)的是正殿北面(mian)，依山(shan)勢(shi)造佛樓七楹，同(tong)時在每(mei)進(jin)建(jian)筑之間都用腰墻加(jia)以(yi)隔(ge)斷，形(xing)成從(cong)山(shan)門以(yi)后(hou)是四(si)進(jin)三合院的形(xing)式。今該廟已無存。
·2001年06月(yue)25日，溥仁(ren)寺作(zuo)為(wei)清代古(gu)建筑，已被國務院批(pi)準(zhun)列(lie)入第五(wu)批(pi)全(quan)國重點文物保護單(dan)位名單(dan)。
斌斌有禮 
