子宮囊腫的病因

宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸囊(nang)腫(zhong)(zhong)是慢性宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸炎的(de)(de)一種(zhong)病(bing)理(li)表現。在宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸糜爛(lan)愈合過程(cheng)中，新生(sheng)的(de)(de)鱗狀上皮覆蓋(gai)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)口(kou)或伸(shen)入(ru)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)，將腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)口(kou)阻塞。腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)周圍(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)結(jie)締組(zu)織(zhi)增(zeng)生(sheng)或瘢痕形(xing)成(cheng)壓迫(po)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)，使腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)變窄甚至阻塞，腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)體(ti)分(fen)泌物(wu)引流受阻、潴(zhu)留形(xing)成(cheng)囊(nang)腫(zhong)(zhong)叫宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸納(na)氏(shi)囊(nang)腫(zhong)(zhong)。囊(nang)腫(zhong)(zhong)大小不等，一般(ban)較小而分(fen)散(san)。可(ke)單獨(du)出現，亦可(ke)多個出現。在慢性子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸炎時，子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)體(ti)及周圍(wei)(wei)組(zu)織(zhi)都(dou)增(zeng)生(sheng)。當(dang)腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)被(bei)周圍(wei)(wei)組(zu)織(zhi)所(suo)擠壓，腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)口(kou)阻塞，使腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)體(ti)內(nei)的(de)(de)分(fen)泌物(wu)不能外流而潴(zhu)留于內(nei)，致腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)腔(qiang)擴張，形(xing)成(cheng)大小不等的(de)(de)囊(nang)形(xing)腫(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)，稱為“子(zi)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)頸腺(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)潴(zhu)留囊(nang)腫(zhong)(zhong)”，又(you)稱納(na)博特囊(nang)腫(zhong)(zhong)。

子宮囊腫的臨床表現

宮(gong)頸囊腫是(shi)慢性(xing)宮(gong)頸炎(yan)的(de)(de)一(yi)種，一(yi)般無(wu)明(ming)顯癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)，而(er)慢性(xing)宮(gong)頸炎(yan)的(de)(de)主要癥(zheng)狀(zhuang)是(shi)白帶(dai)增多(duo)，由于(yu)病原菌的(de)(de)不同，白帶(dai)的(de)(de)顏色、量(liang)也(ye)有所(suo)不同。白帶(dai)可為黏液(ye)的(de)(de)或(huo)膿性(xing)的(de)(de)，有時可帶(dai)有血絲或(huo)少量(liang)血液(ye)，也(ye)可有接觸性(xing)出(chu)血。下腹或(huo)腰(yao)骶經(jing)常出(chu)現(xian)疼痛(tong)(tong)(tong)，盆(pen)腔部可發生(sheng)下墜痛(tong)(tong)(tong)或(huo)痛(tong)(tong)(tong)經(jing)，常于(yu)月經(jing)期、排便(bian)或(huo)性(xing)交時加重，此外，可出(chu)現(xian)月經(jing)不調(diao)和不孕。

子宮囊腫如何治療

1、對于散在的(de)比較小的(de)宮頸腺囊(nang)腫一般不需(xu)治療，只要(yao)每年檢查即可。

2、對于密集的(de)較(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)納氏囊(nang)(nang)腫或比較(jiao)大的(de)囊(nang)(nang)腫，可(ke)考(kao)慮(lv)光療(liao)、激光、微(wei)波、等(deng)物(wu)理治(zhi)療(liao)。

如何預防子宮囊腫

1、平時應(ying)注意衛生(sheng)，保持外陰清(qing)潔，防(fang)止病原(yuan)菌侵入(ru)。

2、避免分娩時損傷(shang)宮頸，如發現宮頸裂傷(shang)應及時縫(feng)合，并使用抗生(sheng)素。

3、實行計劃(hua)生育，采(cai)取避(bi)孕措施，盡量避(bi)免(mian)多次人流對(dui)宮頸的(de)機械性損傷。同時婦科手術(shu)操(cao)作要嚴格無菌，防止醫源性的(de)感染、損傷。

4、注(zhu)意經期(qi)、流產期(qi)及產褥期(qi)衛(wei)生，經期(qi)、產后應嚴禁(jin)性(xing)交、盆浴(yu)，避(bi)免致病(bing)菌(jun)乘虛(xu)而入。

5、注意鍛煉身體，適當注意營養衛生(sheng)，保障身心健康(kang)。

6、定期做婦科檢(jian)查，發現宮頸(jing)炎癥予以積極治療。

7、平素房事有(you)度，避免房勞過度。注意性衛生，配偶要注意清除陰莖的包(bao)皮垢。

8、在治(zhi)療(liao)慢性宮頸炎的過程中(zhong)應禁(jin)止房(fang)事(shi)。經期停止局部上藥。