【船舶(bo)(bo)的(de)種(zhong)類】船舶(bo)(bo)的(de)種(zhong)類有哪(na)些 船舶(bo)(bo)的(de)分類及用(yong)途介紹
一、船舶分類的方法
現代(dai)船(chuan)舶是為交(jiao)通運輸(shu)、港口建(jian)設、漁業生產和(he)科(ke)研勘測等(deng)服務的(de),隨(sui)著工(gong)業的(de)發展,船(chuan)舶服務面的(de)擴(kuo)大,船(chuan)舶也日趨專業化。不(bu)同的(de)部(bu)門對船(chuan)舶有不(bu)同的(de)要求,使用(yong)權船(chuan)舶的(de)航行(xing)區域(yu)、航行(xing)狀態、推進方(fang)式、動力裝置、造船(chuan)材料(liao)和(he)用(yong)途等(deng)到(dao)方(fang)面也各不(bu)同,因(yin)而船(chuan)舶種類繁多,而這些船(chuan)舶在船(chuan)型上(shang)(shang)、構造上(shang)(shang)、運用(yong)性(xing)能(neng)上(shang)(shang)和(he)設備(bei)上(shang)(shang)又各有特點。
1、船舶的航行區域:船(chuan)舶(bo)按(an)航(hang)行區域可(ke)分為(wei)海(hai)洋船(chuan)反作用、港灣船(chuan)舶(bo)和內河船(chuan)舶(bo)三種。航(hang)行內湖泊上(shang)的船(chuan)舶(bo)一般也歸入內河船(chuan)舶(bo)類。
2、船舶航行的狀態:船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)按航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)態(tai)可歸納為(wei)浮(fu)(fu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)、滑行(xing)(xing)(xing)、騰空航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)三種。浮(fu)(fu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)是指(zhi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)在(zai)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi),船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體的(de)(de)重量和排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量相等而瓢(piao)浮(fu)(fu)在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(又叫做排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)下(xia)潛航(hang)(hang)的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)也屬于浮(fu)(fu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。滑行(xing)(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)是指(zhi)高速狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi),船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體的(de)(de)大部分被水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)動力作用抬起,在(zai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面滑行(xing)(xing)(xing)。滑行(xing)(xing)(xing)時(shi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量小于靜止時(shi)的(de)(de)排(pai)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量,同時(shi)減(jian)小了濕表面積,水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)阻(zu)力大大減(jian)小,使船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)的(de)(de)速度(du)加快。如快艇(ting)(ting)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)翼艇(ting)(ting)。騰空航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)是船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)身在(zai)完(wan)全脫離水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)面的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)航(hang)(hang)行(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)。如氣墊(dian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和沖翼艇(ting)(ting)。
3、推進方式:船舶按進方式可分為原始的撐篙、拉繹、劃槳、搖櫓等人力推進的船舶和風力推進的帆船;機械推進的明輪船,噴水船、螺旋槳船、以及空氣推進船等。dc明(ming)輪是船(chuan)舶(bo)以(yi)機器(qi)作為(wei)動(dong)力以(yi)來,最(zui)古(gu)老的(de)(de)一種推進(jin)(jin)器(qi)。以(yi)后又出現把推進(jin)(jin)哭裝(zhuang)在(zai)船(chuan)的(de)(de)艉部水(shui)(shui)面以(yi)下部分的(de)(de)螺旋槳(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)推進(jin)(jin)器(qi),后來,對少數(shu)殊要求(qiu)的(de)(de)船(chuan)舶(bo)有(you)的(de)(de)在(zai)艉部螺旋槳(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)上(shang)(shang)加上(shang)(shang)導管,也有(you)在(zai)艏(shou)部加裝(zhuang)輔(fu)助的(de)(de)螺旋槳(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。大多數(shu)船(chuan)舶(bo)螺旋槳(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)葉片是固定(ding)的(de)(de),對經常駐要求(qiu)改變工況的(de)(de)船(chuan),采(cai)用可調(diao)螺距的(de)(de)螺旋槳(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。淺水(shui)(shui)航道中的(de)(de)船(chuan)舶(bo)還有(you)噴水(shui)(shui)推進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)。全浮式氣墊船(chuan)和(he)騰空艇上(shang)(shang)則用空氣螺旋槳(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)推進(jin)(jin)。
4、動力裝置:船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)按(an)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類可分為蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、內燃機(ji)(ji)(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),。電(dian)力(li)(li)(li)推進(jin)(jin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)核動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。早(zao)期使用(yong)的(de)(de)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)往復機(ji)(ji)(ji)目前(qian)已被淘汰。汽(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(有蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)機(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)燃汽(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)機(ji)(ji)(ji))在(zai)一些高(gao)速客船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和(he)軍艦上使用(yong)。現(xian)在(zai)各類船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)應用(yong)最廣的(de)(de)是柴油機(ji)(ji)(ji)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。小艇上也有用(yong)汽(qi)(qi)油機(ji)(ji)(ji)作為動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)。電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)推進(jin)(jin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)是以內燃機(ji)(ji)(ji)或(huo)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(或(huo)直(zhi)接用(yong)蓄電(dian)池)發電(dian),再帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與螺(luo)(luo)旋槳聯成一體(ti)的(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)來推進(jin)(jin)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)。這(zhe)種(zhong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)螺(luo)(luo)旋槳轉速可任意(yi)調節,且操(cao)作簡(jian)單(dan)、操(cao)縱方便,為有特殊(shu)要求的(de)(de)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)采用(yong),如潛艇、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)廠、科學(xue)考(kao)察船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、火車渡船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等。核動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)是當前(qian)世界上較先進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)(li)(li)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi),它以核反應堆通過原子核的(de)(de)反應,產生蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)熱能來驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)汽(qi)(qi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)機(ji)(ji)(ji)運轉。
二、船舶的分類有哪些
由于船舶的(de)發展,現代船舶的(de)種(zhong)類很多,可(ke)以(yi)有各種(zhong)各樣的(de)分類方法(fa),
如按船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)體材料分(fen),有(you)(you)木船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、鋼船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、水(shui)泥船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和玻璃(li)鋼船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等;按航(hang)行區域分(fen),有(you)(you)遠洋船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、近洋船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、沿(yan)海船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和內河(he)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等;按動力裝(zhuang)置分(fen),有(you)(you)蒸汽(qi)機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、內燃機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、汽(qi)輪機(ji)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、電動船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和核動力船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等;按推進方式分(fen),有(you)(you)明(ming)輪船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、螺旋槳(jiang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、平旋推進器船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和風帆助航(hang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等;按航(hang)行方式分(fen),有(you)(you)自航(hang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)和非(fei)自航(hang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan);按航(hang)行狀態分(fen),有(you)(you)排(pai)水(shui)型和非(fei)排(pai)水(shui)型船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。而最能說明(ming)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶特征的(de)是(shi)按照船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)用途來分(fen)類,首(shou)先可分(fen)為(wei)軍用和民用兩大類。
(一)民用船舶的分類:
運輸船——客船(chuan)、客貨(huo)船(chuan)、貨(huo)船(chuan)(雜貨(huo)船(chuan)、散貨(huo)船(chuan)、集裝(zhuang)箱船(chuan)、滾裝(zhuang)船(chuan)、載駁船(chuan)、油船(chuan)、液化氣體船(chuan)、冷藏船(chuan)等(deng))、渡(du)船(chuan)、駁船(chuan)等(deng)。
工程船——挖泥船(chuan)、起重船(chuan)、浮船(chuan)塢、救撈船(chuan)、布設船(chuan)(布纜(lan)船、敷管船等)、打樁(zhuang)船。
漁業船——網類漁船(拖網漁(yu)船(chuan)、圍網漁(yu)船(chuan)、刺網漁(yu)船(chuan)等)、釣(diao)類魚船(chuan)、捕鯨船(chuan)、漁(yu)業(ye)加工(gong)船(chuan)、漁(yu)業(ye)調查(cha)船(chuan)、冷藏(zang)運輸(shu)船(chuan)等。
港務船——破冰船(chuan)、引航船(chuan)、消防船(chuan)、供應船(chuan)、交(jiao)通船(chuan)、工作船(測(ce)量船船、航(hang)標船等)、浮油回收船等。
海洋開發船——海洋調查船(chuan),、深潛(qian)器(艇)、鉆井船、鉆井平臺等(deng)。
拖船和推船——海洋拖(tuo)船(chuan)、港作拖(tuo)船(chuan)、,內(nei)河拖(tuo)船(chuan)、海洋拖(tuo)船(chuan)、內(nei)河拖(tuo)船(chuan)等。、燈(deng)標發(fa)展中的高速船(chuan)艇——水(shui)翼艇(ting)(劃(hua)水(shui)式(shi)水(shui)翼艇(ting)、全(quan)浸式(shi)水(shui)翼艇(ting))、氣墊船(chuan)(全(quan)浮式(shi)氣墊船(chuan)、側壁式(shi)氣墊船(chuan))、沖翼艇(ting)、半潛式(shi)小水(shui)面艇(ting)、穿浪船(chuan)等(deng)。
民用船舶分類中通常是按用途進行劃分,現分別具體介紹如下:
1、客船(passenger vessel)是(shi)指用于(yu)運送旅客(ke)及其攜帶行李的船(chuan)(chuan)舶。對(dui)兼運少量貨物的客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)也稱客(ke)貨船(chuan)(chuan)。由于(yu)客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)多為定期定航線航行,又(you)稱客(ke)班船(chuan)(chuan)。具有多層甲板的上層建(jian)筑(zhu),有較好的抗沉(chen)(chen)性(xing),一(yi)般為“二艙不沉(chen)(chen)制(zhi)”,船(chuan)(chuan)速較高,一(yi)般為16-20節(jie)(kn)。乘(cheng)客(ke)>12人。
在(zai)《國際海上人(ren)命安全公約》(SOLAS公約)中規定,凡(fan)載(zai)客(ke)超過(guo)12人(ren)的船(chuan)(chuan)舶應視(shi)為客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)。客(ke)船(chuan)(chuan)的外形如圖所示。其(qi)特點是具有良好的航海性能,安全設(she)備與生活(huo)設(she)施完善,上層建筑高大,船(chuan)(chuan)速較高,一(yi)般在(zai)20kn(節,海里(li)/小時)左右。
有(you)的(de)短途客船采用水(shui)翼艇(hydrofoil craft)和氣墊船(hover craft),船速一般在(zai)40kn左右(you)。
2、干貨船(cargo ship)根據(ju)所裝貨物及(ji)船舶結構(gou)、設(she)備不(bu)同,可分為:
(1)普通貨船(chuan)(chuan)(general cargo ship):亦稱雜(za)貨船(chuan)(chuan),特征是(shi)貨艙設(she)計成多層(ceng)甲(jia)板結構通常為(wei)2-3層(ceng)甲(jia)板,為(wei)便于裝(zhuang)(zhuang)卸,各(ge)貨艙的(de)艙口(kou)尺寸均(jun)較大,并(bing)配吊桿(2-5T)或起重機(120T)。一(yi)般(ban)設(she)3-6個(ge)貨艙。雜(za)貨船(chuan)(chuan)一(yi)般(ban)是(shi)指(zhi)定期航(hang)(hang)(hang)行(xing)于貨運繁忙(mang)的(de)航(hang)(hang)(hang)線,以裝(zhuang)(zhuang)運零(ling)星雜(za)貨為(wei)主的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)。這種船(chuan)(chuan)航(hang)(hang)(hang)行(xing)速度(du)較快,船(chuan)(chuan)上配有足夠的(de)起吊設(she)備,船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)構造中有多層(ceng)甲(jia)板把船(chuan)(chuan)艙分(fen)隔成多層(ceng)貨柜,以適應裝(zhuang)(zhuang)載不同貨物的(de)需要。
(2)散裝船(bulk cargo vessel)專門運糧、礦、煤等,由(you)于散貨不(bu)(bu)怕壓,為(wei)裝卸(xie)方便,其貨艙均(jun)為(wei)單甲板(ban)。根據結(jie)構(gou)不(bu)(bu)同分為(wei)以下幾種類(lei)型。
干散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(Bulk Cargo Ship)是用(yong)以(yi)裝(zhuang)載無包裝(zhuang)的(de)大(da)宗(zong)貨物的(de)船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)。依所裝(zhuang)貨物的(de)種類不同,又可(ke)分為(wei)糧谷船(chuan)(chuan)(Grain Ship)、煤船(chuan)(chuan)(Collier)和礦砂船(chuan)(chuan)(Ore Ship)。這種船(chuan)(chuan)大(da)都為(wei)單甲板(ban)(ban)(ban),艙(cang)內不設支柱,但設有隔板(ban)(ban)(ban),用(yong)以(yi)防(fang)止在風浪中(zhong)運行(xing)的(de)艙(cang)內貨物錯位(wei)。特(te)點是艙(cang)口圍板(ban)(ban)(ban)高(gao)而(er)大(da),貨艙(cang)橫剖(pou)面成棱形,這樣既可(ke)減少平艙(cang)工作,貨艙(cang)四角(jiao)的(de)三角(jiao)形艙(cang)柜為(wei)壓載水艙(cang),可(ke)調節吃水和穩性高(gao)度。
散貨船的類型
靈(ling)便型(xing)散(san)貨(huo)(huo)船(chuan)(Handysize bulk carrier):指載重量在2-5萬噸左右(you)的(de)(de)散(san)貨(huo)(huo)船(chuan),其中超過4萬噸的(de)(de)船(chuan)舶又被稱(cheng)為(wei)大靈(ling)便型(xing)散(san)貨(huo)(huo)船(chuan)(Handymax bulk carrier)。眾所周(zhou)知,干(gan)散(san)貨(huo)(huo)是海運的(de)(de)大宗貨(huo)(huo)物,這些噸位(wei)相對較小的(de)(de)船(chuan)舶具有較強的(de)(de)對航道、運河(he)及港口的(de)(de)適應性,載重噸量適中,且多配有起(qi)卸(xie)貨(huo)(huo)設備,營運方便靈(ling)活,因而(er)被稱(cheng)之(zhi)為(wei)“靈(ling)便型(xing)”。
巴(ba)拿(na)馬(ma)型(xing)散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(Panamax bulk carrier):顧(gu)名(ming)思(si)義,該型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)是指在滿載(zai)情況下可(ke)以通過(guo)巴(ba)拿(na)馬(ma)運河的(de)最大型(xing)散貨船(chuan)(chuan),即主要滿足船(chuan)(chuan)舶總(zong)長(chang)不超過(guo)274.32,型(xing)寬(kuan)不超過(guo)32.30米的(de)運河通航(hang)有(you)關規定(ding)。根據需要,調整船(chuan)(chuan)舶的(de)尺(chi)度(du)、船(chuan)(chuan)型(xing)及結構來改變載(zai)重量,該型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)載(zai)重量一般在6-7.5萬噸(dun)之間(jian)。
好(hao)望角(jiao)(jiao)型(xing)散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(Capesize bulk carrier):指載重(zhong)量在15萬噸(dun)左右的散貨船(chuan)(chuan),該船(chuan)(chuan)型(xing)以運(yun)輸(shu)鐵礦(kuang)石為主,由(you)于尺度限制不(bu)可能(neng)通過巴拿馬(ma)運(yun)河和(he)(he)蘇伊士運(yun)河,需繞行好(hao)望角(jiao)(jiao)和(he)(he)合恩(en)角(jiao)(jiao),臺(tai)灣省稱之(zhi)為“海(hai)岬”型(xing)。由(you)于近年蘇伊士運(yun)河當局已放寬(kuan)通過運(yun)河船(chuan)(chuan)舶的吃(chi)水限制,該型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)多可滿載通過該運(yun)河。
大(da)湖(hu)型(xing)散貨船(chuan)(chuan)(Lake bulk carrier):是指經由(you)圣(sheng)勞倫(lun)斯水(shui)(shui)道航行于美國(guo)、加(jia)拿大(da)交界處五大(da)湖(hu)區的散貨船(chuan)(chuan),以承運煤炭(tan)、鐵礦石(shi)和糧食為主。該型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)尺度(du)上要滿(man)足(zu)圣(sheng)勞倫(lun)斯水(shui)(shui)道通航要求,船(chuan)(chuan)舶(bo)總長(chang)不(bu)超(chao)過222.50米,型(xing)寬(kuan)不(bu)超(chao)過23.16米,且橋樓任(ren)何部分不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)伸出船(chuan)(chuan)體外,吃水(shui)(shui)不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)超(chao)過各大(da)水(shui)(shui)域最大(da)允許(xu)吃水(shui)(shui),桅桿頂端距(ju)水(shui)(shui)面高度(du)不(bu)得(de)(de)(de)超(chao)過35.66,該型(xing)船(chuan)(chuan)一般(ban)在3萬噸左右,大(da)多配有起卸貨設備。
3、礦石船(ore carrier)由(you)于礦(kuang)石(shi)比(bi)重(zhong)大,占艙容小(xiao),使(shi)船舶重(zhong)心偏低,故為提高(gao)重(zhong)心高(gao)度,其雙層底特別高(gao),而貨艙兩側的(de)壓載艙也大。礦(kuang)石(shi)-石(shi)油運(yun)輸船(ore-oil carrier)
(二)軍用艦艇的分類:
水面戰斗艦艇——航空母(mu)艦(jian)(jian)、直升機母(mu)艦(jian)(jian)、戰(zhan)列艦(jian)(jian)、巡洋艦(jian)(jian),驅逐艦(jian)(jian)、護衛艦(jian)(jian)、導(dao)彈艇(ting)、魚雷(lei)艇(ting)、獵潛艇(ting)、護衛艇(ting)等(deng)。
水中戰斗艦艇——攻擊型(xing)潛(qian)艇(ting)(柴油機(ji)動(dong)力(li)、電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)動(dong)力(li))、戰略導(dao)彈潛艇(常規動(dong)力(li)、核(he)動(dong)力(li))。
特種戰斗艦船——兩棲(qi)艦(jian)艇(兩棲指揮艦(jian)、兩棲攻擊艦(jian)、船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)塢登(deng)陸艦(jian)、兩棲船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)塢運輸艦(jian)、坦克登(deng)陸艦(jian)、兩棲貨船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、車輛人員登(deng)陸艇、通用登(deng)陸艇)、布雷(lei)艦(jian)艇、掃雷(lei)艦(jian)艇、獵雷(lei)艇。
輔助艦艇——后支(zhi)援船(運輸(shu)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、艦隊補給船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、供(gong)應維(wei)修船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、衛生(sheng)勤(qin)務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、撈雷(lei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、海(hai)上救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(近(jin)岸救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、遠洋(yang)救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、潛艇救(jiu)助船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、破冰船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、情報支(zhi)援船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(海(hai)洋(yang)調查船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、偵(zhen)察船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、通(tong)訊船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、測(ce)(ce)量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan))、試驗(yan)(yan)訓練(lian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(導彈(dan)(dan)靶船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、導彈(dan)(dan)測(ce)(ce)量船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、兵(bing)器(qi)試驗(yan)(yan)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、海(hai)軍訓練(lian)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)),港(gang)務支(zhi)援船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(港(gang)口(kou)(kou)(kou)建設船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港(gang)口(kou)(kou)(kou)作業船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、港(gang)口(kou)(kou)(kou)勤(qin)務船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)等,這類(lei)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)同(tong)民(min)用(yong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)如勘探船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、打(da)樁(zhuang)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、起(qi)重(zhong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、駁船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、拖船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、挖泥船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、交通(tong)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、引(yin)水船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、供(gong)水船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、航標(biao)船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、燈船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、消防船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)、浮船(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)塢等)。