驚嘆號故障

1、故障原因

一般這個故(gu)障在(zai)排除硬(ying)件(jian)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)以后，大多(duo)是(shi)軟件(jian)和系(xi)統(tong)(tong)標定的問(wen)題(ti)(ti)。大致原因是(shi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢測到電池溫度超過預設的安全值，或者系(xi)統(tong)(tong)檢測到偶(ou)發故(gu)障信(xin)號，自作主張的限制了車輛的部分功能。

2、應對方案

和(he)解(jie)決(jue)電(dian)(dian)腦死(si)機(ji)，手(shou)機(ji)卡頓的(de)(de)方(fang)法一樣，重(zhong)啟就能解(jie)決(jue)大部(bu)分問(wen)題(ti)。純電(dian)(dian)動汽車其實也(ye)可以看做一個大個頭的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子產(chan)品，所有電(dian)(dian)子系(xi)統(tong)和(he)主機(ji)的(de)(de)供電(dian)(dian)都由(you)發(fa)動機(ji)艙內的(de)(de)小電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)負責。

此時只要用扳手擰(ning)下小(xiao)電瓶的負(fu)極接線并保持(chi)斷開5分鐘左(zuo)右，讓車(che)輛車(che)載系統(tong)處于徹底斷電狀態，之后再將小(xiao)電瓶負(fu)極線擰(ning)緊恢復。

此時(shi)車(che)輛的系統經過斷(duan)電處理(li)后(hou)，可視為(wei)“重啟(qi)”，所(suo)有(you)標定和檢測都恢復(fu)初始值(zhi)，此時(shi)再啟(qi)動車(che)輛，幾(ji)乎(hu)都可以順利成功。

動力電池絕緣故障

可能原因：電動汽車電池箱或插件(jian)進水，電芯漏液，環境(jing)濕度大，絕(jue)緣誤報，整車其他高壓(ya)部件(jian)(控制器、壓(ya)縮機等)絕(jue)緣不過。

處理方法：正極對地，如果有電壓或絕緣阻值小于規定值，則判處負極電路漏電；負極(ji)對地，如果(guo)有電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)或(huo)絕(jue)緣阻值(zhi)小于規定值(zhi)，則判處正極(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)。根(gen)據其漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)大小除以(yi)此時的(de)單串電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)就可以(yi)計算(suan)出漏電(dian)(dian)(dian)點位(wei)，然后(hou)根(gen)據不同情況分析處理。

功率限制燈亮

這是車主(zhu)常(chang)見的“烏龜燈”亮(liang)了(le)，故障現象是車輛的輸出功(gong)率受到(dao)限制，車輛只能(neng)在40公里(li)/小時的限速下(xia)行駛。

1、故障原因

出現這(zhe)種現象有幾個原因，其中(zhong)除(chu)去動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池即將耗(hao)盡(jin)，車輛進入保護(hu)狀態這(zhe)個非(fei)故障(zhang)(zhang)原因之外，最重要的就是系(xi)統(tong)檢測車輛在電(dian)(dian)路系(xi)統(tong)有故障(zhang)(zhang)，或動(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)池溫度(du)超(chao)過安全范圍，需要降低功率以保證車輛相(xiang)關部件的安全。

2、應對方案

如果(guo)(guo)是因為(wei)動力電(dian)(dian)池虧電(dian)(dian)出現烏龜燈，那么只要(yao)盡快找地方充(chong)電(dian)(dian)就能(neng)解決；如果(guo)(guo)是電(dian)(dian)池溫度(du)過(guo)高(gao)，建議找地方暫時(shi)停車熄火，等(deng)電(dian)(dian)池恢復(fu)安全(quan)溫度(du)后再(zai)繼續行(xing)駛；如果(guo)(guo)急著趕路，車主(zhu)又能(neng)自(zi)行(xing)確認(ren)車輛沒有其他故障(zhang)，那么可以臨(lin)時(shi)停車，斷掉(diao)發動機(ji)艙內小電(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)負(fu)極，讓(rang)車輛重啟并“沖掉(diao)”之(zhi)前(qian)的(de)故障(zhang)警(jing)告記錄。

如果在(zai)重啟以(yi)及長時間冷卻都無法讓烏龜燈熄(xi)滅(mie)，而且確認動力電(dian)池電(dian)量充沛(pei)，那就(jiu)還是趕緊(jin)聯系修車吧。

該圖片由注冊用戶"仰望星空"提供，版權聲明反饋

動力電池溫度故障

1、電池溫差過大

可能原因：散(san)(san)熱(re)(re)風扇插頭松(song)動，散(san)(san)熱(re)(re)風扇故(gu)障。

故(gu)障排除：重新拔插風扇(shan)插頭線;給風扇(shan)單獨供電，檢查風扇(shan)是否正常。

2、電池溫度過高或過低

可能原因：散熱(re)風扇(shan)插頭松動(dong)，散熱(re)風扇(shan)故障，溫(wen)度探頭損壞。

故障排除：重新拔插(cha)風(feng)(feng)扇插(cha)頭線;給(gei)風(feng)(feng)扇單獨(du)供電，檢查(cha)風(feng)(feng)扇是否正常;檢查(cha)電池實(shi)際溫度是否過高或(huo)過低;測量溫度探頭內阻。

3、電動機產生大量火花，局部過熱、抖動

可能原因：

電動機(ji)進(jin)水造(zao)成短路(lu)把電動機(ji)燒壞;

電動(dong)機超負載運(yun)行使換向(xiang)器(qi)短(duan)路(lu)燒壞，現象是換向(xiang)器(qi)變黑。

電動機異響

可能原因：

電(dian)動機和后橋連接(jie)同(tong)心度達不(bu)到標準;

電刷(shua)和換向器接合不好，需校正調整;

電動機里面轉子上的軸(zhou)承壞，需(xu)更(geng)換。

動力電池故障

動(dong)力(li)電池(chi)故(gu)障（零部件自身故(gu)障除外，如顯示、采集模塊(kuai)異常，實際并未(wei)出現該故(gu)障）

常見電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)均可(ke)(ke)在(zai)MP5中查(cha)看(kan)(kan)，如(ru)?①電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)均衡故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)、單(dan)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)超(chao)高(gao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)超(chao)低(di)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)等，出(chu)(chu)現該(gai)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)通過(guo)儀表液晶(jing)(jing)顯(xian)示屏查(cha)看(kan)(kan)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否(fou)(fou)存在(zai)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)節(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)3.85V或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)2.5V；二級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)節(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)3.75V或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)2.7V；三(san)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)節(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)3.65V或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)2.8V。②電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)溫(wen)(wen)度過(guo)高(gao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)過(guo)低(di)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，出(chu)(chu)現該(gai)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，可(ke)(ke)通過(guo)儀表液晶(jing)(jing)顯(xian)示屏查(cha)看(kan)(kan)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)單(dan)體(ti)(ti)溫(wen)(wen)度最(zui)(zui)高(gao)及最(zui)(zui)低(di)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否(fou)(fou)存在(zai)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)度大(da)于(yu)(yu)75℃；二級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)度大(da)于(yu)(yu)70℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)度小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)0℃；三(san)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)度大(da)于(yu)(yu)60℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)(wen)度小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)5℃。③電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)絕緣(yuan)等級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，可(ke)(ke)采用電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)信息液晶(jing)(jing)顯(xian)示屏查(cha)看(kan)(kan)當前(qian)絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否(fou)(fou)存在(zai)一(yi)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)500KΩ；二級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)300KΩ；三(san)級(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)100KΩ。

當(dang)出(chu)現①類型(xing)故障時(shi)，確定單節電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在幾(ji)號(hao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)箱(xiang)內，拆箱(xiang)更換該節電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，此類故障目前均(jun)由(you)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)廠(chang)家售(shou)后(hou)人(ren)員處理(li)；當(dang)出(chu)現②類型(xing)故障時(shi)，需(xu)溫度恢復至(zhi)正常(chang)(chang)(chang)范(fan)圍，方(fang)可使用；當(dang)出(chu)現③類型(xing)故障時(shi)，需(xu)使用絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)檢測表(biao)，使用1000V測試檔對所有高(gao)壓連(lian)接(jie)(jie)線(xian)(xian)進行絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)值測試，正常(chang)(chang)(chang)絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)均(jun)在1GΩ以上，出(chu)現異常(chang)(chang)(chang)值則(ze)需(xu)確認是(shi)否為該線(xian)(xian)束絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)出(chu)現問題，或該線(xian)(xian)束連(lian)接(jie)(jie)的高(gao)壓用電(dian)(dian)器出(chu)現絕(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)故障。

電氣設備件不工作

電(dian)動(dong)汽車主要電(dian)氣設(she)(she)備有(you)各(ge)種燈具（前組(zu)合(he)燈、測燈、倒車燈、后組(zu)合(he)燈等(deng)）、收音(yin)(yin)機、頂部風扇、真空泵(beng)、刮水器、組(zu)合(he)儀表、電(dian)動(dong)助力轉向器、空調等(deng)。現場調試(shi)過程中，收音(yin)(yin)機、真空泵(beng)、組(zu)合(he)儀表和刮水器經(jing)常(chang)出(chu)現不工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)故障。?電(dian)氣設(she)(she)備工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)不正(zheng)常(chang)主要是指(zhi)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)狀態與設(she)(she)計(ji)狀態不一致，如(ru)真空泵(beng)不停地抽氣、組(zu)合(he)儀表顯示(shi)不正(zheng)常(chang)、收音(yin)(yin)機有(you)很大的干(gan)擾(rao)等(deng)。

電氣設備不工作的故障分析與處理

電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備工作需要符合一定(ding)的(de)條件，普遍的(de)條件是(shi)(shi)(shi)需要有(you)(you)電(dian)源供(gong)(gong)給(gei)(gei)、搭鐵(tie)。電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備不工作多是(shi)(shi)(shi)因(yin)為沒(mei)有(you)(you)電(dian)源供(gong)(gong)給(gei)(gei)，首(shou)先使用萬用表(biao)確(que)定(ding)有(you)(you)無(wu)電(dian)源供(gong)(gong)給(gei)(gei)，確(que)認線束插接口有(you)(you)無(wu)松動情況出現，再(zai)確(que)認搭鐵(tie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)否正(zheng)常。如果均無(wu)上述情況，則有(you)(you)可能是(shi)(shi)(shi)此電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)設備自身(shen)問題，可以(yi)換一個同款設備接上嘗試。這類故(gu)障(zhang)一般是(shi)(shi)(shi)線束環(huan)節導致電(dian)源供(gong)(gong)給(gei)(gei)中(zhong)斷，可以(yi)根(gen)據電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)原理(li)圖往前推確(que)定(ding)故(gu)障(zhang)點。

電動汽車整車沒電

1、保險絲壞(huai)(huai)，用萬用表(biao)測量電(dian)池端電(dian)壓如有電(dian)壓輸出則正常，如無電(dian)壓輸出則保險絲壞(huai)(huai)或電(dian)池接插(cha)頭掉(diao)或電(dian)池壞(huai)(huai)。

2、接(jie)線插(cha)頭(tou)松動(dong)，檢查電源開(kai)關接(jie)插(cha)件。

3、電源開關(guan)壞(huai)，用萬用表測量(liang)電源開關(guan)輸入、輸出線兩(liang)端電壓(ya)，如有正常電壓(ya)輸出則電源開關(guan)正

常，如無電壓輸出。則電源開關壞〔電池有電壓輸出情況下〕則予以維修或更換。

充電機不充電

1、充電機保(bao)(bao)險絲燒壞，此時充電機各指示燈(deng)均不亮，須更換保(bao)(bao)險絲。

2、電池組線掉，則(ze)把電池連(lian)接線接好。

3、充電機插(cha)頭和電池插(cha)座接(jie)插(cha)不到位(wei)，應重(zhong)新(xin)接(jie)插(cha)。

4、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)壞，此時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)保險絲正常，用(yong)(yong)萬用(yong)(yong)表測充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓應為零。這種情(qing)況(kuang)下，先斷開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源、停止使用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，過十幾分(fen)種后重新(xin)使用(yong)(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)。

電動機不轉

1、保險絲燒掉(diao)，更換。

2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)壞，更換電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)。判(pan)斷方法：打開(kai)(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)，用(yong)(yong)萬用(yong)(yong)表歐姆檔(dang)測量一下電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)的輸(shu)入端與輸(shu)出端之(zhi)間(jian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)為零則(ze)正(zheng)常，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)無窮大，則(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)壞。

3、加速器壞(huai)，用(yong)萬用(yong)表直流電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)檔測量(liang)一下加速器輸(shu)(shu)出端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，如有電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)(shu)出則(ze)正常(chang)，如無電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)(shu)出則(ze)不正常(chang)，入伍電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)(shu)出則(ze)加速器壞(huai)，須(xu)更換。

4、控制器壞(huai)，須更換(huan)電(dian)控。用萬用表測量電(dian)控輸出(chu)端電(dian)壓，有輸出(chu)電(dian)壓則好，否則則壞(huai)。

5、電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)燒壞，更換電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)。

6、電動機(ji)各連(lian)接(jie)線線頭(tou)松(song)動，把電動機(ji)各連(lian)接(jie)線頭(tou)重新(xin)檢(jian)查一遍。