驚嘆號故障

1、故障原因

一般這個故(gu)障(zhang)在排除硬(ying)件(jian)問題(ti)以(yi)后，大多是軟(ruan)件(jian)和系(xi)(xi)統標定的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。大致原因是系(xi)(xi)統檢測到電池溫度超過預設的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全值，或(huo)者系(xi)(xi)統檢測到偶發故(gu)障(zhang)信(xin)號，自(zi)作主張的(de)(de)(de)限(xian)制了(le)車輛的(de)(de)(de)部分功(gong)能(neng)。

2、應對方案

和解決(jue)電腦死(si)機，手機卡頓的方法一樣(yang)，重啟就能解決(jue)大(da)部(bu)分問題。純(chun)電動汽(qi)車其(qi)實(shi)也可(ke)以看做一個大(da)個頭的電子產品(pin)，所(suo)有電子系統和主機的供(gong)電都由發動機艙內的小電瓶負(fu)責。

此(ci)時只要用扳手擰下(xia)小(xiao)電瓶(ping)的負極(ji)接線并保持斷(duan)開5分鐘左右，讓車(che)輛(liang)車(che)載系統處于徹底斷(duan)電狀態，之后再將小(xiao)電瓶(ping)負極(ji)線擰緊(jin)恢復。

此時車輛(liang)的系統經過斷電處理后，可視為“重啟”，所(suo)有標(biao)定和(he)檢測(ce)都(dou)恢復初始值，此時再啟動車輛(liang)，幾乎都(dou)可以順利成功。

動力電池絕緣故障

可能原因：電動汽車電池箱或插件進水，電芯漏液，環境濕度大(da)，絕(jue)緣(yuan)誤報，整車其他高壓部(bu)件(控制器、壓縮機等(deng))絕(jue)緣(yuan)不(bu)過。

處理方法：正極對地，如果有電壓或絕緣阻值小于規定值，則判處負極電路漏電；負極(ji)對地(di)，如(ru)果(guo)有(you)電(dian)壓或(huo)絕緣阻值小于規(gui)定值，則判處正極(ji)電(dian)路漏電(dian)。根(gen)據其漏電(dian)電(dian)壓大小除以此時(shi)的單串電(dian)壓值就(jiu)可(ke)以計算(suan)出漏電(dian)點位，然后根(gen)據不同情(qing)況分析(xi)處理。

功率限制燈亮

這是車(che)主常(chang)見的(de)“烏龜燈”亮了，故障現象是車(che)輛的(de)輸出功率受到(dao)限制，車(che)輛只能在40公里/小(xiao)時的(de)限速下行駛。

1、故障原因

出(chu)現(xian)這種現(xian)象有(you)幾個原因(yin)，其中除去動(dong)力(li)(li)電池即(ji)將(jiang)耗盡，車輛進入保(bao)護狀態這個非故(gu)(gu)障原因(yin)之(zhi)外，最(zui)重要的就是系統檢測車輛在電路系統有(you)故(gu)(gu)障，或(huo)動(dong)力(li)(li)電池溫度(du)超(chao)過安全范圍，需(xu)要降低功率以保(bao)證車輛相關部件的安全。

2、應對方案

如果是(shi)因(yin)為(wei)動力(li)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)虧電(dian)出現烏龜(gui)燈，那么只要盡快找地(di)(di)方充電(dian)就(jiu)能解決(jue)；如果是(shi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)溫度(du)過高，建議(yi)找地(di)(di)方暫時(shi)停(ting)車熄火，等電(dian)池(chi)(chi)恢復安(an)全溫度(du)后再(zai)繼續行(xing)駛；如果急著趕路，車主又能自行(xing)確(que)認車輛(liang)沒有其(qi)他故障，那么可以臨(lin)時(shi)停(ting)車，斷掉發動機艙內(nei)小電(dian)瓶的負極，讓(rang)車輛(liang)重啟(qi)并(bing)“沖掉”之前的故障警告記錄。

如果在重啟以及長時(shi)間冷(leng)卻都無法讓烏龜燈(deng)熄滅，而且確認動(dong)力電池電量充沛，那就(jiu)還是(shi)趕緊聯(lian)系修(xiu)車(che)吧。

該圖片由注冊用戶"仰望星空"提供，版權聲明反饋

動力電池溫度故障

1、電池溫差過大

可(ke)能原因(yin)：散(san)熱風扇插頭(tou)松動，散(san)熱風扇故障。

故(gu)障排除：重新(xin)拔插(cha)風(feng)扇(shan)插(cha)頭(tou)線;給風(feng)扇(shan)單獨供電，檢(jian)查風(feng)扇(shan)是否正(zheng)常。

2、電池溫度過高或過低

可能原(yuan)因：散熱(re)風(feng)扇插頭松動，散熱(re)風(feng)扇故障，溫度探頭損(sun)壞。

故(gu)障排(pai)除：重新拔插風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)(shan)插頭(tou)線;給風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)(shan)單獨供電，檢查風(feng)(feng)扇(shan)(shan)是否正常;檢查電池實際溫度(du)是否過(guo)高或過(guo)低;測量溫度(du)探(tan)頭(tou)內阻。

3、電動機產生大量火花，局部過熱、抖動

可能原因：

電(dian)動(dong)機進水造成短路(lu)把電(dian)動(dong)機燒壞(huai);

電動機超負載運行使換(huan)向器(qi)短路燒壞(huai)，現象是換(huan)向器(qi)變黑(hei)。

電動機異響

可能原因：

電動機和后橋連接同(tong)心度(du)達不到標準;

電刷(shua)和換向器(qi)接合不好，需校正調(diao)整;

電動機里面轉子上的(de)軸承壞(huai)，需更換。

動力電池故障

動力電池故(gu)障(zhang)（零部件自(zi)身(shen)故(gu)障(zhang)除外，如(ru)顯示、采集模塊(kuai)異常，實際并未(wei)出現該故(gu)障(zhang)）

常(chang)見電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)均可在(zai)MP5中查看(kan)，如?①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)均衡故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)、單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓超(chao)高(gao)(gao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)超(chao)低(di)(di)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)等(deng)，出(chu)(chu)現該(gai)類(lei)型(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，可通(tong)過(guo)儀表液晶(jing)(jing)顯(xian)(xian)示屏查看(kan)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否存(cun)(cun)在(zai)一級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單節(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.85V或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.5V；二級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單節(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.75V或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.7V；三(san)級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單節(jie)或(huo)(huo)(huo)多(duo)節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.65V或(huo)(huo)(huo)者(zhe)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.8V。②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)單體溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度過(guo)高(gao)(gao)或(huo)(huo)(huo)過(guo)低(di)(di)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，出(chu)(chu)現該(gai)類(lei)型(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，可通(tong)過(guo)儀表液晶(jing)(jing)顯(xian)(xian)示屏查看(kan)動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)單體溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)及最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否存(cun)(cun)在(zai)一級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)75℃；二級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)70℃，最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)0℃；三(san)級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)60℃，最(zui)(zui)(zui)(zui)低(di)(di)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)5℃。③電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)絕(jue)緣等(deng)級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，可采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)信息(xi)液晶(jing)(jing)顯(xian)(xian)示屏查看(kan)當(dang)前絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否存(cun)(cun)在(zai)一級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)500KΩ；二級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)300KΩ；三(san)級(ji)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕(jue)緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)100KΩ。

當(dang)出(chu)現(xian)①類型(xing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)時，確定單節電(dian)池(chi)在(zai)幾號電(dian)池(chi)箱內(nei)，拆箱更換該(gai)節電(dian)池(chi)，此類故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)目前均(jun)由電(dian)池(chi)廠家售后人員處(chu)理；當(dang)出(chu)現(xian)②類型(xing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)時，需(xu)(xu)溫度恢復(fu)至正常(chang)(chang)范圍(wei)，方(fang)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)用；當(dang)出(chu)現(xian)③類型(xing)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)時，需(xu)(xu)使(shi)(shi)用絕(jue)(jue)緣檢測(ce)表，使(shi)(shi)用1000V測(ce)試(shi)檔對所有高(gao)壓連接線進行絕(jue)(jue)緣值測(ce)試(shi)，正常(chang)(chang)絕(jue)(jue)緣均(jun)在(zai)1GΩ以上(shang)，出(chu)現(xian)異常(chang)(chang)值則需(xu)(xu)確認(ren)是否為該(gai)線束絕(jue)(jue)緣出(chu)現(xian)問(wen)題，或該(gai)線束連接的高(gao)壓用電(dian)器出(chu)現(xian)絕(jue)(jue)緣故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)。

電氣設備件不工作

電(dian)動汽(qi)車主要電(dian)氣設備有各(ge)種(zhong)燈(deng)具（前(qian)組合(he)(he)(he)燈(deng)、測燈(deng)、倒(dao)車燈(deng)、后組合(he)(he)(he)燈(deng)等）、收(shou)音機、頂部風扇、真(zhen)空泵、刮水器、組合(he)(he)(he)儀表(biao)、電(dian)動助(zhu)力轉向器、空調等。現場調試過程中，收(shou)音機、真(zhen)空泵、組合(he)(he)(he)儀表(biao)和刮水器經常(chang)(chang)出現不(bu)工(gong)作(zuo)故(gu)障。?電(dian)氣設備工(gong)作(zuo)不(bu)正常(chang)(chang)主要是指工(gong)作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態與設計狀(zhuang)態不(bu)一致，如(ru)真(zhen)空泵不(bu)停地抽氣、組合(he)(he)(he)儀表(biao)顯示不(bu)正常(chang)(chang)、收(shou)音機有很(hen)大的干擾等。

電氣設備不工作的故障分析與處理

電(dian)氣設備工(gong)作需要符合一(yi)定的條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)，普遍的條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)是(shi)需要有(you)(you)電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)、搭(da)鐵(tie)。電(dian)氣設備不(bu)工(gong)作多是(shi)因為沒有(you)(you)電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)，首先使用萬用表確(que)定有(you)(you)無電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)，確(que)認線束插接(jie)口(kou)有(you)(you)無松動情況出(chu)現，再確(que)認搭(da)鐵(tie)是(shi)否正常。如果均無上述情況，則有(you)(you)可能是(shi)此(ci)電(dian)氣設備自身問題，可以換(huan)一(yi)個同款設備接(jie)上嘗試。這類故(gu)障一(yi)般是(shi)線束環(huan)節導致電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)中斷，可以根據(ju)電(dian)氣原理圖往(wang)前推(tui)確(que)定故(gu)障點。

電動汽車整車沒電

1、保(bao)險絲壞，用(yong)萬(wan)用(yong)表測量電(dian)池(chi)端電(dian)壓如有(you)電(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu)則正(zheng)常，如無電(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu)則保(bao)險絲壞或電(dian)池(chi)接插頭(tou)掉或電(dian)池(chi)壞。

2、接線插頭松動，檢(jian)查電源開(kai)關接插件。

3、電(dian)源開(kai)關壞，用萬用表測量電(dian)源開(kai)關輸(shu)入、輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)線(xian)兩(liang)端電(dian)壓，如(ru)有正常(chang)電(dian)壓輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)則(ze)電(dian)源開(kai)關正

常(chang)，如無電(dian)壓(ya)輸出(chu)(chu)。則電(dian)源開關壞〔電(dian)池有電(dian)壓(ya)輸出(chu)(chu)情況下〕則予以維修或更(geng)換(huan)。

充電機不充電

1、充電機保(bao)險絲燒壞，此時充電機各指示(shi)燈均不亮，須更(geng)換保(bao)險絲。

2、電(dian)池(chi)組線(xian)掉，則(ze)把(ba)電(dian)池(chi)連接線(xian)接好。

3、充(chong)電機插(cha)頭和電池(chi)插(cha)座接(jie)插(cha)不(bu)到位，應重新接(jie)插(cha)。

4、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機壞，此時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機保險絲正常，用(yong)萬用(yong)表(biao)測充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)應為零。這種情況下，先斷開電(dian)(dian)(dian)源、停(ting)止使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機，過十幾分種后重新使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機。

電動機不轉

1、保(bao)險絲燒掉，更換。

2、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)壞，更換電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)。判斷方法：打開(kai)(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)，用萬(wan)用表(biao)歐姆檔測量一下電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)的輸(shu)入端與輸(shu)出端之間的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值為零則正常，如電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值無窮大，則電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)壞。

3、加速(su)器(qi)壞，用萬用表(biao)直流電(dian)壓檔測量一下加速(su)器(qi)輸出(chu)(chu)端電(dian)壓，如有電(dian)壓輸出(chu)(chu)則正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)，如無電(dian)壓輸出(chu)(chu)則不正(zheng)(zheng)常(chang)，入伍電(dian)壓輸出(chu)(chu)則加速(su)器(qi)壞，須更換。

4、控制器壞(huai)(huai)，須更換(huan)電(dian)(dian)控。用萬用表測量電(dian)(dian)控輸出端電(dian)(dian)壓，有輸出電(dian)(dian)壓則(ze)好，否則(ze)則(ze)壞(huai)(huai)。

5、電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)燒壞，更換(huan)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)。

6、電(dian)動(dong)機各連(lian)接線線頭松動(dong)，把電(dian)動(dong)機各連(lian)接線頭重新檢查一遍。