驚嘆號故障

1、故障原因

一般這個故障(zhang)在排除硬件問題以后(hou)，大多(duo)是軟件和系統(tong)標定的(de)問題。大致原因是系統(tong)檢測到電池溫度(du)超過預設(she)的(de)安全值，或者(zhe)系統(tong)檢測到偶發故障(zhang)信號，自作主張的(de)限制了(le)車輛的(de)部分功能。

2、應對方案

和解(jie)決電腦死機(ji)(ji)，手機(ji)(ji)卡頓的方(fang)法(fa)一(yi)樣(yang)，重(zhong)啟就(jiu)能解(jie)決大部分問題。純(chun)電動(dong)汽車(che)其實也可以看(kan)做一(yi)個(ge)大個(ge)頭的電子(zi)產品，所有電子(zi)系統和主機(ji)(ji)的供電都由發動(dong)機(ji)(ji)艙(cang)內的小電瓶(ping)負責。

此(ci)時只(zhi)要用扳手擰下(xia)小(xiao)電(dian)瓶的(de)負(fu)(fu)極(ji)接(jie)線并保持斷(duan)開(kai)5分鐘左(zuo)右，讓車輛(liang)車載系統處(chu)于徹底(di)斷(duan)電(dian)狀態(tai)，之后再將小(xiao)電(dian)瓶負(fu)(fu)極(ji)線擰緊恢復。

此時車輛的系(xi)統(tong)經過斷電(dian)處理后，可視(shi)為“重啟”，所(suo)有標定(ding)和檢測都(dou)恢(hui)復初始值(zhi)，此時再啟動車輛，幾乎都(dou)可以順利成功。

動力電池絕緣故障

可能原因：電動汽車電池箱或插件進水，電芯漏液，環境(jing)濕度(du)大，絕(jue)緣(yuan)誤報，整車其他高壓部件(控制器、壓縮機等(deng))絕(jue)緣(yuan)不過。

處理方法：正極對地，如果有電壓或絕緣阻值小于規定值，則判處負極電路漏電；負(fu)極(ji)對地，如果有電壓(ya)或絕(jue)緣(yuan)阻值小于規(gui)定值，則(ze)判處正極(ji)電路漏電。根據(ju)其(qi)漏電電壓(ya)大小除以(yi)此時的(de)單串電壓(ya)值就可以(yi)計算出漏電點(dian)位(wei)，然后根據(ju)不同(tong)情況(kuang)分(fen)析處理。

功率限制燈亮

這是(shi)(shi)車主常見的(de)“烏龜燈”亮了，故(gu)障現象是(shi)(shi)車輛(liang)的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)功率(lv)受到限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)，車輛(liang)只能在40公里(li)/小(xiao)時的(de)限(xian)(xian)速下(xia)行駛。

1、故障原因

出(chu)現這(zhe)種現象有幾個原因(yin)，其中除去(qu)動力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)即將耗盡，車輛(liang)進入保護狀態(tai)這(zhe)個非故障原因(yin)之外，最(zui)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)就是(shi)系統檢測車輛(liang)在電(dian)(dian)路系統有故障，或動力電(dian)(dian)池(chi)溫(wen)度超過(guo)安全范圍，需要(yao)(yao)降低功(gong)率以保證(zheng)車輛(liang)相關部件的(de)安全。

2、應對方案

如果是因為動力(li)電(dian)池虧電(dian)出現烏龜燈，那么只要盡快找地(di)(di)方充電(dian)就能(neng)解(jie)決；如果是電(dian)池溫度過(guo)高(gao)，建議找地(di)(di)方暫時(shi)停車(che)熄火，等電(dian)池恢復安全溫度后再(zai)繼續行(xing)駛(shi)；如果急著趕路，車(che)主又(you)能(neng)自(zi)行(xing)確(que)認車(che)輛(liang)(liang)沒有其(qi)他(ta)故(gu)障，那么可以臨(lin)時(shi)停車(che)，斷掉發動機(ji)艙內(nei)小電(dian)瓶的負極，讓車(che)輛(liang)(liang)重啟并“沖掉”之前的故(gu)障警告記(ji)錄(lu)。

如果(guo)在重啟以及長(chang)時間冷(leng)卻(que)都(dou)無法(fa)讓烏龜燈(deng)熄滅，而且確(que)認動力(li)電池電量充沛，那就還是(shi)趕(gan)緊聯系修車吧。

該圖片由注冊用戶"仰望星空"提供，版權聲明反饋

動力電池溫度故障

1、電池溫差過大

可能原因：散熱(re)風扇(shan)插(cha)頭松(song)動，散熱(re)風扇(shan)故障(zhang)。

故障排除(chu)：重新拔插風(feng)扇(shan)插頭線;給風(feng)扇(shan)單獨供電，檢(jian)查風(feng)扇(shan)是否正常。

2、電池溫度過高或過低

可能(neng)原因：散熱風(feng)扇插頭(tou)松動，散熱風(feng)扇故(gu)障，溫度探頭(tou)損壞。

故障排(pai)除：重新拔插(cha)風(feng)扇(shan)(shan)插(cha)頭(tou)線;給風(feng)扇(shan)(shan)單獨(du)供電(dian)，檢查(cha)風(feng)扇(shan)(shan)是(shi)否正常;檢查(cha)電(dian)池實際溫度是(shi)否過高或過低;測量溫度探(tan)頭(tou)內阻(zu)。

3、電動機產生大量火花，局部過熱、抖動

可能原因：

電動機進水造成短(duan)路把電動機燒壞;

電動機超負載運行(xing)使換向器短路燒(shao)壞，現(xian)象(xiang)是換向器變(bian)黑。

電動機異響

可能原因：

電(dian)動機和后(hou)橋連接同心度達(da)不到標(biao)準;

電刷和(he)換向器接(jie)合不好(hao)，需校(xiao)正調整;

電動機(ji)里面轉(zhuan)子上的軸(zhou)承壞，需(xu)更換。

動力電池故障

動力電池故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)（零部件自身故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)除外，如顯示、采(cai)集模塊異(yi)常，實際并未出(chu)現該故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)）

常見(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)均可在(zai)(zai)MP5中查看(kan)，如(ru)?①電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)均衡故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)、單(dan)(dan)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)超高(gao)或(huo)超低(di)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)等，出現該(gai)類型(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時，可通過儀(yi)(yi)表液(ye)晶顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)查看(kan)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)(dan)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否存在(zai)(zai)一級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)(dan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)或(huo)多節(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.85V或(huo)者小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.5V；二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)(dan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)或(huo)多節(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.75V或(huo)者小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.7V；三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：單(dan)(dan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)或(huo)多節(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3.65V或(huo)者小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)2.8V。②電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)(dan)體(ti)溫(wen)度過高(gao)或(huo)過低(di)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，出現該(gai)類型(xing)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)時，可通過儀(yi)(yi)表液(ye)晶顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)查看(kan)動(dong)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)單(dan)(dan)體(ti)溫(wen)度最(zui)(zui)高(gao)及最(zui)(zui)低(di)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否存在(zai)(zai)一級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)度大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)75℃；二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)度大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)70℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)度小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)0℃；三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：最(zui)(zui)高(gao)溫(wen)度大于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)60℃，最(zui)(zui)低(di)溫(wen)度小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)5℃。③電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)絕緣(yuan)等級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，可采(cai)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)信息(xi)液(ye)晶顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)屏(ping)查看(kan)當前絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是否存在(zai)(zai)一級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)500KΩ；二(er)(er)級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)300KΩ；三級(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)：絕緣(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)100KΩ。

當(dang)(dang)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)①類型(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，確(que)定單節電(dian)池(chi)(chi)在幾號電(dian)池(chi)(chi)箱內(nei)，拆箱更(geng)換該節電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，此類故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)目前均由電(dian)池(chi)(chi)廠家(jia)售(shou)后人員處理(li)；當(dang)(dang)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)②類型(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，需(xu)溫度(du)恢復至正(zheng)常范圍，方(fang)可使用(yong)；當(dang)(dang)出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)③類型(xing)故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)時(shi)，需(xu)使用(yong)絕(jue)緣檢測(ce)表，使用(yong)1000V測(ce)試(shi)檔對所有高(gao)壓(ya)連(lian)(lian)接線(xian)(xian)進行(xing)絕(jue)緣值測(ce)試(shi)，正(zheng)常絕(jue)緣均在1GΩ以上(shang)，出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)異常值則需(xu)確(que)認是否(fou)為該線(xian)(xian)束絕(jue)緣出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)問題，或(huo)該線(xian)(xian)束連(lian)(lian)接的高(gao)壓(ya)用(yong)電(dian)器出(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)絕(jue)緣故(gu)障(zhang)(zhang)。

電氣設備件不工作

電動汽車(che)主要電氣設備有(you)各種燈(deng)具（前組合燈(deng)、測燈(deng)、倒車(che)燈(deng)、后組合燈(deng)等）、收音(yin)機、頂部風扇(shan)、真空(kong)泵(beng)、刮(gua)水器(qi)、組合儀表、電動助(zhu)力轉向(xiang)器(qi)、空(kong)調(diao)等。現場調(diao)試(shi)過(guo)程中，收音(yin)機、真空(kong)泵(beng)、組合儀表和刮(gua)水器(qi)經常(chang)(chang)出現不工作故(gu)障。?電氣設備工作不正常(chang)(chang)主要是指工作狀(zhuang)態與(yu)設計狀(zhuang)態不一致，如(ru)真空(kong)泵(beng)不停地抽氣、組合儀表顯示不正常(chang)(chang)、收音(yin)機有(you)很大的干擾等。

電氣設備不工作的故障分析與處理

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備工作需要(yao)(yao)符合一(yi)定的(de)條件(jian)，普遍的(de)條件(jian)是需要(yao)(yao)有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供給(gei)、搭鐵。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備不工作多(duo)是因(yin)為沒有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供給(gei)，首先使(shi)用萬(wan)用表確定有(you)無電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供給(gei)，確認(ren)線束插接口有(you)無松動情(qing)況出現，再(zai)確認(ren)搭鐵是否(fou)正常。如果均無上(shang)述情(qing)況，則有(you)可能(neng)是此電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設(she)(she)(she)備自身問(wen)題，可以換一(yi)個(ge)同款設(she)(she)(she)備接上(shang)嘗(chang)試(shi)。這類故(gu)障(zhang)一(yi)般是線束環節導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供給(gei)中斷，可以根據電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)原理(li)圖往前推確定故(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)。

電動汽車整車沒電

1、保(bao)險絲(si)壞(huai)(huai)，用萬用表測量電(dian)池端電(dian)壓(ya)如有電(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)(shu)出則正常，如無電(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)(shu)出則保(bao)險絲(si)壞(huai)(huai)或電(dian)池接插頭掉或電(dian)池壞(huai)(huai)。

2、接(jie)線插頭松動，檢查電源(yuan)開關接(jie)插件。

3、電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開關(guan)壞，用萬用表測(ce)量電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開關(guan)輸(shu)入、輸(shu)出線兩端(duan)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，如有正常電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)輸(shu)出則電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)開關(guan)正

常(chang)，如無電壓輸出。則電源開關(guan)壞(huai)〔電池(chi)有電壓輸出情況下〕則予以(yi)維修或(huo)更換。

充電機不充電

1、充電機保險絲(si)(si)燒壞，此時充電機各指示燈均不亮(liang)，須更換保險絲(si)(si)。

2、電池(chi)(chi)組線(xian)掉，則把電池(chi)(chi)連(lian)接線(xian)接好。

3、充(chong)電(dian)機(ji)插頭和電(dian)池插座接插不(bu)到位，應重新接插。

4、充(chong)(chong)電(dian)機壞(huai)，此時充(chong)(chong)電(dian)機保險(xian)絲(si)正常(chang)，用(yong)萬用(yong)表測充(chong)(chong)電(dian)機輸出電(dian)壓應(ying)為(wei)零(ling)。這種情況下，先斷開電(dian)源、停止使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)機，過(guo)十(shi)幾分(fen)種后重新使用(yong)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)機。

電動機不轉

1、保險(xian)絲(si)燒(shao)掉，更換。

2、電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開關壞，更(geng)換電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開關。判(pan)斷方法：打(da)開電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開關，用萬用表(biao)歐(ou)姆檔測量(liang)一下電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開關的輸入端與輸出端之間的電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)，如電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值為零則正常，如電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值無窮大，則電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)開關壞。

3、加(jia)速器壞，用(yong)萬用(yong)表直流電(dian)壓(ya)檔測量一(yi)下加(jia)速器輸出端(duan)電(dian)壓(ya)，如有電(dian)壓(ya)輸出則正常，如無電(dian)壓(ya)輸出則不正常，入伍電(dian)壓(ya)輸出則加(jia)速器壞，須更換(huan)。

4、控(kong)制器壞(huai)，須更換電(dian)(dian)控(kong)。用萬用表測量電(dian)(dian)控(kong)輸出端電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，有(you)輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)則好，否則則壞(huai)。

5、電(dian)動機(ji)燒壞，更換(huan)電(dian)動機(ji)。

6、電動機(ji)各(ge)連接線(xian)線(xian)頭(tou)(tou)松(song)動，把電動機(ji)各(ge)連接線(xian)頭(tou)(tou)重新檢查一遍。