一、電力電容器里面是什么材料

電力電容器內部主(zhu)要由電(dian)(dian)極(ji)和介(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)構(gou)成。電(dian)(dian)極(ji)通常使用金屬箔(bo)(bo)(bo)，介(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)則用于隔(ge)離(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)并固定電(dian)(dian)場。金屬箔(bo)(bo)(bo)之間通過介(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)隔(ge)離(li)(li)，這樣就形成了電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)場。介(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)通常被涂覆在箔(bo)(bo)(bo)上，或(huo)者為箔(bo)(bo)(bo)包裹(guo)在中間層。介(jie)(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)也稱為電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的(de)絕緣材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)。

1、金屬箔

金屬箔(bo)是電(dian)容器的電(dian)極，用(yong)于(yu)傳遞電(dian)荷。箔(bo)通常使用(yong)鋁(lv)箔(bo)或(huo)銅箔(bo)，表面(mian)被涂覆了一層氧化物。這層氧化物的作用(yong)是防止金屬腐蝕，并且增加(jia)硬度(du)和(he)耐磨性。金屬箔(bo)的寬度(du)和(he)長度(du)通常根(gen)據需要進行定制。

2、介電材料

介(jie)電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)是電(dian)(dian)容器(qi)的重要組成部分，它(ta)用于(yu)隔離電(dian)(dian)極并固定(ding)電(dian)(dian)場。介(jie)電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)應具有(you)高介(jie)電(dian)(dian)常(chang)數和低損耗角正切值，這樣它(ta)就可以(yi)將電(dian)(dian)場集中在(zai)箔之間，從(cong)而增加電(dian)(dian)容。常(chang)用的介(jie)電(dian)(dian)材料(liao)有(you)聚丙烯(xi)、聚酯、陶瓷(ci)、瓷(ci)紙等(deng)。

二、電力電容器里面有銅嗎

通常情況下(xia)，電(dian)力電(dian)容(rong)器中不含銅(tong)(tong)元(yuan)素。雖然一(yi)(yi)些金屬(shu)箔(bo)是由涂(tu)有銅(tong)(tong)的鋁箔(bo)制成，但(dan)涂(tu)層為了防(fang)止氧化往往只是非常薄(bo)的一(yi)(yi)層，含銅(tong)(tong)量非常小，對電(dian)力電(dian)容(rong)器的整體(ti)材料(liao)成分影響極小。電(dian)介(jie)質也(ye)一(yi)(yi)般不含銅(tong)(tong)元(yuan)素，因(yin)此電(dian)力電(dian)容(rong)器中的主要材料(liao)并不包括銅(tong)(tong)。

三、電力電容器里面的液體是什么東西

電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)運行時出(chu)(chu)現的(de)液體(ti)，是(shi)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的(de)浸漬(zi)介(jie)質。采用(yong)蓖麻(ma)油、礦物油等油脂(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)為浸漬(zi)介(jie)質的(de)電(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)，滲(shen)漏出(chu)(chu)來的(de)液體(ti)是(shi)絕緣(yuan)油。采用(yong)微晶蠟作(zuo)(zuo)為浸漬(zi)介(jie)質的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)，滲(shen)漏出(chu)(chu)來的(de)液體(ti)是(shi)液態蠟。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)發生著火、爆(bao)炸事故(gu)時，這些液體(ti)會起到助燃作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。

1、絕緣油填充的電容器

在市(shi)面上(shang)，有不(bu)少絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)油(you)填充(chong)的(de)油(you)浸(jin)式電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器。在油(you)浸(jin)式電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器內部(bu)(bu)(bu)，主要用(yong)礦(kuang)物(wu)油(you)、植(zhi)物(wu)油(you)等填充(chong)。當(dang)油(you)浸(jin)式電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器運行時出現(xian)(xian)漏(lou)液現(xian)(xian)象，一(yi)般是填充(chong)的(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)油(you)泄(xie)漏(lou)。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器出現(xian)(xian)漏(lou)油(you)的(de)話，不(bu)僅會造成內部(bu)(bu)(bu)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)水平降低，還(huan)會造成外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)潮(chao)氣(qi)侵入，同時會引起電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)受(shou)潮(chao)、絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)阻降低，進而導致電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)器內部(bu)(bu)(bu)元件的(de)擊穿放電(dian)(dian)，甚至發生爆炸(zha)。

2、微晶石蠟填充的電容器

由于油浸式電容器存在滲漏油、易燃等風險，不少電力電容器廠家開始用微晶石(shi)蠟(la)代(dai)替絕緣(yuan)油。而(er)(er)微晶石(shi)蠟(la)在常(chang)溫下為固體，不會(hui)出(chu)現漏液現象；但是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器運行(xing)時會(hui)產生熱量，這會(hui)導致微晶石(shi)蠟(la)溶(rong)(rong)解變為液態；而(er)(er)溶(rong)(rong)解后的微晶石(shi)蠟(la)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器金屬(shu)化膜結構相似，會(hui)起到溶(rong)(rong)脹作用，進而(er)(er)導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器介質損耗增(zeng)加(jia)，甚至導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器損壞。