1、電動車應怎樣正確充電?
主要應把握兩個原則:一是要淺放勤充。二是不能過充。注意電瓶車禁止虧電存放,會嚴重影響使用壽命,如果閑置時間越長,蓄電池損壞也越嚴重。【電動車電池壽命有多長】
2、為什么要淺放勤充?
電瓶(ping)放電時形(xing)成硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian),充(chong)電時把硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)還原成硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)和鉛(qian)。如果深度(du)放電或(huo)不(bu)及時充(chong)電,硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)鉛(qian)就不(bu)能還原,造成極(ji)板的硫(liu)(liu)化。所以,應作(zuo)到天天騎(qi),天天充(chong),不(bu)可深度(du)放電。
3、充電時間不能過長有什么危害?
充(chong)電(dian)時間過長會過量(liang)消耗電(dian)瓶(ping)內(nei)的水(shui)分,加速極(ji)板的硫化過程(cheng),使(shi)電(dian)瓶(ping)因缺水(shui)而(er)容量(liang)漸漸下降,直至把電(dian)瓶(ping)充(chong)鼓、報廢。
4、怎樣把握正確的充電時間?
正確的(de)充(chong)電(dian)時(shi)間為;綠(lv)(lv)燈(deng)(deng)亮了(le)(le)后(hou)再(zai)浮充(chong)1—2小時(shi),然(ran)后(hou)切斷(duan)電(dian)源。電(dian)動車充(chong)電(dian)器都沒有過充(chong)保護(hu)功能(neng)(neng),雖然(ran)綠(lv)(lv)燈(deng)(deng)亮了(le)(le),但由于不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)切斷(duan)電(dian)源,其實電(dian)瓶仍在繼續(xu)充(chong)電(dian),繼續(xu)分解、蒸發電(dian)瓶內的(de)水(shui)分。那種“充(chong)滿(man)了(le)(le)就不(bu)(bu)充(chong)了(le)(le)”的(de)說法是完全沒有科學道理的(de)。
5、造成電瓶短命的主要原因是什么?
充電(dian)不(bu)及時和充電(dian)時間過長是造成電(dian)瓶短命的主要(yao)原因(yin)。
1、故障現象
①首先(xian)檢查回路(lu)(lu)連接(jie)是(shi)否(fou)接(jie)觸完好,認真檢查插(cha)座(zuo)和(he)插(cha)頭是(shi)否(fou)有“打火”燒弧現象,有無線路(lu)(lu)損(sun)傷斷(duan)線等。
②檢查充電器有無損壞,充電參數是否符合要求:即初期充電電流達到1.6-2.5A/只;最高充電電壓達到14.8-14.9V/只,充電浮充電轉換電流達0.3-0.4A/只,浮充電壓達到14.0-14.4V/只。【電動車充電器故障維修】
③查看(kan)電(dian)池內(nei)部是否有干涸現(xian)象,即(ji)電(dian)池是否缺液嚴重。
④還(huan)應檢查極板(ban)是(shi)否存在(zai)(zai)硫(liu)(liu)化。極板(ban)的(de)(de)不(bu)可逆(ni)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鹽化,可通(tong)過QN--1000初步判(pan)斷(一(yi)般放(fang)(fang)電檢測(ce)在(zai)(zai)6V以下(xia)(xia))然后(hou)用容量(liang)檢測(ce)儀測(ce)試,放(fang)(fang)電時間達(da)不(bu)到規定容量(liang)50%的(de)(de)一(yi)般是(shi)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)不(bu)可逆(ni)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鹽化。另(ling)外(wai),在(zai)(zai)充電時,電池(chi)的(de)(de)電壓上升特別(bie)快,某些單格(ge)電壓特別(bie)高,超出(chu)正常值很多;放(fang)(fang)電時電壓下(xia)(xia)降特別(bie)快,電池(chi)不(bu)存電或存電很少。出(chu)現(xian)(xian)上述情況,可判(pan)斷電池(chi)出(chu)現(xian)(xian)不(bu)可逆(ni)硫(liu)(liu)酸(suan)(suan)鹽化。
2、故障的檢查和處理
將電路(lu)各部位連接牢固,充電器不正常的必須進行更換。電池格內干涸的應(ying)補加純水進行脈沖修復。
應(ying)控(kong)制配(pei)組的(de)三只電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)均在(zai)13.4V/只以上為(wei)(wei)好。如(ru)果電(dian)池之間電(dian)壓(ya)差別超過0.3V,就會出現因為(wei)(wei)不同步(bu)而在(zai)使用過程中繼續產生硫化。所以要特別注意(yi)修復后(hou)電(dian)池的(de)配(pei)組問題(特別是電(dian)摩(mo)電(dian)池的(de)用戶)需要更(geng)換(huan)的(de)就必須更(geng)換(huan)!
1、買車(或(huo)更換電(dian)(dian)池)后,電(dian)(dian)池應(ying)該有80%左(zuo)右的電(dian)(dian)量,到家就應(ying)該充(chong)電(dian)(dian),時(shi)間是(shi)以(yi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器變燈后再充(chong)4小時(shi)為(wei)宜,這(zhe)樣要(yao)三次。
2、以后每天騎行電動助力車,無論10-50km,均(jun)應(ying)補充充電,使電池長期處(chu)于“吃飽狀態”,而且(qie)當天(tian)就充,用完了閑(xian)置幾天(tian)再充,易出(chu)現極板(ban)硫(liu)化,容量下降。但是充(chong)(chong)電的(de)(de)時間不(bu)要過長,以充(chong)(chong)電器變燈后一個小時為宜。充(chong)(chong)電時寧(ning)可(ke)欠充(chong)(chong)一些,也不(bu)要過充(chong)(chong),否則電池會被充(chong)(chong)的(de)(de)因為缺水(shui)后,鼓包,腫漲。造(zao)成對電池不(bu)可(ke)補救(jiu)的(de)(de)損(sun)失。
3、不要讓水(shui)進(jin)入電(dian)池盒(he)內(nei),以(yi)造成殼體(ti)內(nei)電(dian)池聯電(dian)。
4、每個月定期一次完全放電(騎到“欠壓”燈亮起),即長距離騎行直到欠壓指示燈閃亮,電量用完,然后充電恢復電池容量,也使您了解到電池當前的容量水平,是否需要經維護保護,然后連(lian)續充電(dian)12小時。
5、有條件(jian)的對(dui)整組電池(chi)里的單(dan)(dan)體(ti)對(dui)調(diao)一(yi)下,對(dui)過了質保期的電池(chi)(尤其(qi)是到了夏天),每個三,四個月要對(dui)電池(chi)每個單(dan)(dan)體(ti)補充3-4毫升的去(qu)離子水(純凈(jing)水也可)。
6、一旦發現充電器不轉綠燈或一充電就轉綠燈,一定要檢查是不是充電器有問題,或者失水。【電動車充電器一直綠燈或紅燈的解決方法】
7、整(zheng)組電池的(de)放電口(kou)與(yu)充電口(kou)要隨時保持(chi)清潔,防止(zhi)接(jie)觸點出現銅銹,造成(cheng)接(jie)觸不(bu)良(liang)發生過熱而損壞。
8、有腳(jiao)踏的(de)盡量用腳(jiao)起(qi)步,不要(yao)負荷太大,加速平緩(huan)。不要(yao)坐(zuo)上車就給電起(qi)動(dong)。
一組電(dian)瓶(ping)在正確充電(dian)和(he)正常維護的(de)情況下,可使用(yong)5年(nian)以上。很多用(yong)戶只用(yong)1—2年(nian)就(jiu)換新的(de),主(zhu)要是充電(dian)不當造成的(de),因此,掌握(wo)正確的(de)充電(dian)方法(fa)至關(guan)重要。記住電(dian)瓶(ping)不是用(yong)壞(huai)(huai)的(de),而是充壞(huai)(huai)的(de)。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車(che)的蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池一般電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)36伏,容量(liang)12安培小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池功率36伏*12安=432瓦(wa)(wa),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)車(che)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機功率有(you)180瓦(wa)(wa)、240瓦(wa)(wa)、350瓦(wa)(wa)等;充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)如按6小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)計,每小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)2安培,每小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容量(liang)36伏*2安*1小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)=72瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi)=0.072千瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)(shi)(shi)=0.07度(du)(du)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),6小(xiao)(xiao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)共用(yong)0.07度(du)(du)*6=0.42度(du)(du)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),如加(jia)上充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的損耗20%,一次充(chong)(chong)(chong)好電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需用(yong)0.6度(du)(du)。由于充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)同,因此(ci)充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間長短不(bu)同,但總(zong)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)都是0.6度(du)(du)左右!
電動車用電量的基本測算公式
不(bu)同(tong)的(de)電(dian)動車(che)充(chong)(chong)一次(ci)電(dian)耗電(dian)多少其實(shi)很簡單,大家只要(yao)根(gen)據充(chong)(chong)電(dian)器的(de)標識就(jiu)能輕松算出來:
以48V/1.5A的充(chong)電(dian)器為例,如果充(chong)10個小時,則48*1.5*10=720,既0.72度電(dian),合(he)人民幣也就(jiu)4毛錢,如果充(chong)的時間少(shao)的話就(jiu)更少(shao)。還是很便宜(yi)的。
1、首先不(bu)能(neng)超(chao)載超(chao)重(zhong)行(xing)駛,行(xing)駛中發現儀表顯示電量不(bu)足時,要用人力(li)騎行(xing),因為深度放電對電池(chi)壽命的損耗很(hen)大。
2、注意(yi)充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)方法。新電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)第一次充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)時,時間一定要(yao)(yao)(yao)長(chang),要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證將電(dian)(dian)(dian)充(chong)(chong)足。對于鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)來說,不管路程遠(yuan)近,使用(yong)完(wan)后都要(yao)(yao)(yao)立即充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),隨放隨充(chong)(chong),不要(yao)(yao)(yao)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)量完(wan)全(quan)耗盡才(cai)去充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),如車長(chang)期不使用(yong),也要(yao)(yao)(yao)保證每月補充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一次。這樣既可保護電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi),又(you)能延(yan)長(chang)其使用(yong)壽(shou)命。
3、及時充電(dian)鉛酸(suan)蓄電(dian)池(chi)的(de)特性應該充滿電(dian)存放(fang),不要等電(dian)放(fang)完了(le)再(zai)充,這樣會(hui)加快(kuai)電(dian)池(chi)極板(ban)的(de)硫化,使電(dian)池(chi)的(de)容量很快(kuai)降低(di),壽命縮短。
4、及(ji)時補充液(ye)體(ti)蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)是靠一(yi)定濃度的硫酸(suan)溶液(ye)和鉛化學反應(ying)產生電(dian)能,一(yi)旦液(ye)體(ti)不足,使用中電(dian)池(chi)很快會發熱損壞,因此,及(ji)時補充液(ye)體(ti)至關重要。
5、盡量避免急剎車,緩慢加速。盡量保持中(zhong)速行(xing)(xing)駛(shi)中(zhong)速行(xing)(xing)駛(shi)最省電,對電池的(de)沖(chong)擊最小。新電池以不(bu)超過(guo)15公里(li)/小時的(de)速度,可以行(xing)(xing)駛(shi)60公里(li)左右,如果以25公里(li),小時的(de)速度,則只能行(xing)(xing)駛(shi)45公里(li)左右。
6、不要(yao)(yao)在靜止的(de)狀態下直接利用馬(ma)達啟動車子,最(zui)好用腳踩同時助(zhu)(zhu)力(li)進行(xing)啟動。上橋、上坡、逆風行(xing)駛時務必要(yao)(yao)用腳踏助(zhu)(zhu)力(li),以(yi)避免對電池造成沖擊性傷害,影響電池的(de)續行(xing)里(li)程和(he)使用壽命(ming)。
7、行駛中不要突然大幅度加速突然大幅度加速意味著電池強電流放電,不但傷害電池的極板,使電池容量快速下降,壽命縮短,而且還很容易燒毀鑰匙電門(俗稱絲尾子)的開關接點。【詳細】