鼓浪(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)—萬(wan)石(shi)山風景(jing)(jing)區(qu)以(yi)花(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)地質為(wei)(wei)主(zhu),巖(yan)(yan)體裸露,巨(ju)石(shi)遍(bian)布(bu),其間(jian)溝(gou)谷、溪(xi)澗縱(zong)橫,海(hai)岸(an)線多(duo)變(bian),沙灘相間(jian),山、島(dao)、海(hai)互為(wei)(wei)襯托。植物(wu)景(jing)(jing)觀(guan)豐富多(duo)彩,形成亞(ya)熱帶海(hai)島(dao)風光(guang)。整個景(jing)(jing)區(qu)具海(hai)、山、島(dao)、礁(jiao)、灘、巖(yan)(yan)、寺(si)、花(hua)、木諸神秀,兼備民族風格、僑鄉風情、閩臺(tai)(tai)特(te)色,并蓄西方(fang)異域情調。1988年編制總體規劃(hua),景(jing)(jing)區(qu)總面積(ji)245.74平方(fang)公(gong)里,其中鼓浪(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)1.77平方(fang)公(gong)里,萬(wan)石(shi)山32.97平方(fang)公(gong)里,海(hai)域211平方(fang)公(gong)里。性質:以(yi)海(hai)洋(yang)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)體,球狀花(hua)崗巖(yan)(yan)為(wei)(wei)特(te)點,山海(hai)交融(rong)、城景(jing)(jing)相依、文化(hua)內涵(han)豐富的國家級風景(jing)(jing)名(ming)勝區(qu)。分為(wei)(wei)十(shi)大景(jing)(jing)區(qu):三(san)灣匯(hui)海(hai)(海(hai)域區(qu)),萬(wan)笏朝天(tian)(萬(wan)石(shi)山),鼓浪(lang)(lang)洞天(tian)(鼓浪(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)),古剎(cha)新輝(南普陀寺(si)),虎溪(xi)夜(ye)月(虎溪(xi)巖(yan)(yan)、白鹿(lu)洞、鴻山寺(si)),金榜(bang)釣(diao)磯(金榜(bang)山、陽(yang)臺(tai)(tai)山),洪濟觀(guan)日(ri)(云(yun)頂巖(yan)(yan)、金雞亭(ting)),上(shang)里探幽(上(shang)里水庫、森林公(gong)園),曾厝(cuo)度假(jia)(曾厝(cuo)垵海(hai)濱),黃厝(cuo)觀(guan)景(jing)(jing)(黃厝(cuo)景(jing)(jing)區(qu))等(deng)。 鼓浪(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)依鷺江與萬(wan)石(shi)山景(jing)(jing)區(qu)相連,素有“海(hai)上(shang)花(hua)園”美稱。相傳島(dao)西南角有一巨(ju)石(shi),受海(hai)浪(lang)(lang)沖蝕(shi)而中空,每逢潮涌,浪(lang)(lang)擊(ji)空石(shi)聲如擂(lei)鼓而得名(ming)。全島(dao)綠化(hua)覆(fu)蓋率達37%以(yi)上(shang),綠樹、紅花(hua)、碧草遍(bian)布(bu)全島(dao)。漫(man)步街巷,無(wu)車馬之喧,卻(que)時(shi)聞琴(qin)聲悠揚(yang),被譽為(wei)(wei)“音樂之島(dao)”。
萬(wan)石(shi)(shi)山(shan)(shan)景(jing)區(qu)西(xi)、北(bei)(bei)(bei)為(wei)(wei)市(shi)(shi)區(qu),接鷺江與鼓浪嶼(yu)景(jing)區(qu)相連,東、南為(wei)(wei)景(jing)區(qu)海域,峰巔巨石(shi)(shi)遍布(bu),花崗巖山(shan)(shan)地景(jing)觀獨特,巖奇石(shi)(shi)怪,千(qian)姿百態。溝谷(gu)、溪澗蜿(wan)蜒,群(qun)峰起伏,沙灘綿延。廈門(men)舊有(you)(you)的廿四(si)(si)景(jing)區(qu)多(duo)在(zai)本景(jing)區(qu),如(ru)“洪濟(ji)觀日(ri)”、“陽臺(tai)夕照”、“萬(wan)壽松聲”、“萬(wan)石(shi)(shi)鎖云”,“中(zhong)巖玉(yu)笏”等。以(yi)廈門(men)市(shi)(shi)園(yuan)林植(zhi)物園(yuan)、虎(hu)溪鴻(hong)山(shan)(shan)、南普陀(tuo)寺、胡(hu)里山(shan)(shan)炮臺(tai)四(si)(si)部(bu)(bu)分為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)。園(yuan)林植(zhi)物園(yuan)位于(yu)景(jing)區(qu)西(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部(bu)(bu),主(zhu)峰有(you)(you)太平山(shan)(shan)、中(zhong)巖山(shan)(shan)、獅頭山(shan)(shan)、半嶺山(shan)(shan)及(ji)彌勒山(shan)(shan);主(zhu)要溪谷(gu)有(you)(you)樵溪、水磨(mo)坑溪,總匯于(yu)人(ren)工湖萬(wan)石(shi)(shi)巖水庫。園(yuan)內(nei)栽培(pei)植(zhi)物3000多(duo)種(zhong),有(you)(you)松杉園(yuan)、棕(zong)櫚(lv)園(yuan)、引種(zhong)馴化區(qu)、多(duo)肉植(zhi)物區(qu)、蘭花圃等20多(duo)個專類園(yuan)和種(zhong)植(zhi)區(qu)。南普陀(tuo)寺,是(shi)閩南著名(ming)古剎,始建(jian)于(yu)唐,主(zhu)要建(jian)筑有(you)(you)大(da)雄寶殿(dian)、大(da)悲殿(dian)和藏經(jing)閣,珍藏有(you)(you)緬甸(dian)玉(yu)佛、明(ming)大(da)藏經(jing)等。胡(hu)里山(shan)(shan)系山(shan)(shan)地突(tu)出部(bu)(bu),形成(cheng)(cheng)臨海削(xue)崖,清代建(jian)炮臺(tai),北(bei)(bei)(bei)半部(bu)(bu)為(wei)(wei)堞(die)樓、山(shan)(shan)巖、園(yuan)林,是(shi)廈門(men)海防要塞之一(yi)。虎(hu)溪、鴻(hong)山(shan)(shan)在(zai)景(jing)區(qu)西(xi)部(bu)(bu)外清山(shan)(shan),北(bei)(bei)(bei)支玉(yu)屏山(shan)(shan)有(you)(you)“虎(hu)溪夜月”勝景(jing),每(mei)逢農歷(li)十(shi)五夜,月光(guang)(guang)照在(zai)虎(hu)雕上,投影石(shi)(shi)壁,影隨光(guang)(guang)移,宛(wan)如(ru)活虎(hu)徘(pai)徊。南支鴻(hong)山(shan)(shan),因兩山(shan)(shan)夾(jia)峙,風(feng)雨時,風(feng)雨回旋不(bu)定,雨絲交織,似(si)織紋成(cheng)(cheng)纖,形成(cheng)(cheng)“鴻(hong)山(shan)(shan)織雨”奇觀。
廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)本(ben)地市(shi)民(min)乘廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)2路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)3路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)4路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)10路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)11路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)19路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)25路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)29路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)30路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)112路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)655路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)841路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)950路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)等的路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)線,可以(yi)到達輪渡(du)郵局站、輪渡(du)站下車即可。從廈(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)門(men)(men)輪渡(du)碼頭乘坐輪渡(du),約5分(fen)鐘(zhong)即可到達鼓浪嶼碼頭。
鼓(gu)浪嶼風(feng)景(jing)(jing)名勝(sheng)區(qu)自(zi)景(jing)(jing)區(qu)恢復開放之日起至2020年12月31日,全國醫(yi)護工作者及其直(zhi)系親(qin)屬(shu)(持戶口本、結婚證、出生證明等相關證明文件)享(xiang)受:1、過渡免(mian)費。2、國有景(jing)(jing)點(dian)及特色景(jing)(jing)點(dian)(包括(kuo)菽莊(zhuang)花園(yuan)(yuan)、日光巖、皓月園(yuan)(yuan)、八(ba)卦樓風(feng)琴博物(wu)館、刻字館、故宮鼓(gu)浪嶼外國文物(wu)館、海天(tian)堂構、中國唱片博物(wu)館)免(mian)費;3、部分家庭旅館住(zhu)宿免(mian)費。
鼓浪(lang)(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)原為(wei)荒島。元末(mo)明初(chu)始拓墾(ken),明末(mo)清(qing)初(chu)鄭(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong)據此安營設寨,訓練水師。海(hai)禁開(kai)放后,開(kai)始繁榮。早在(zai)(zai)康熙三十七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1698年(nian)(nian)(nian))已(yi)有對外交往。鴉(ya)片戰爭后,廈門被(bei)辟(pi)為(wei)五(wu)口通商口岸,鼓浪(lang)(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)被(bei)英國(guo)強(qiang)占(zhan)。光緒二十八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1902年(nian)(nian)(nian)),英、美(mei)、法、德、日(ri)、葡、荷(he)、奧、西(xi)班牙、挪(nuo)威、瑞典、菲律賓等(deng)國(guo)領事館(guan)與(yu)清(qing)廷簽(qian)訂《廈門鼓浪(lang)(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)公(gong)(gong)共(gong)地界章(zhang)程》,鼓浪(lang)(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)淪為(wei)列強(qiang)“公(gong)(gong)共(gong)租界”。島上(shang)現存13國(guo)風格(ge)各異的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物,因有“世(shi)界建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)博物館(guan)”之稱。民(min)國(guo)17年(nian)(nian)(nian)(1928年(nian)(nian)(nian))為(wei)紀(ji)念(nian)鄭(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong),建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)延平公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),包括(kuo)日(ri)光巖(yan)等(deng),占(zhan)地587公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。30年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai),華僑、巨商在(zai)(zai)島上(shang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)別墅、私家(jia)花園(yuan)(yuan),著名的(de)有瞰青(qing)別墅、黃(huang)家(jia)別墅、菽莊(zhuang)花園(yuan)(yuan)、怡園(yuan)(yuan)和觀海(hai)別墅等(deng)。40年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)日(ri)軍占(zhan)領期(qi)間,遭(zao)嚴重破(po)壞。 50年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai),林爾(er)(er)嘉家(jia)屬把菽莊(zhuang)花園(yuan)(yuan)獻給國(guo)家(jia),政府(fu)對其進行全面(mian)維(wei)修(xiu)。把晃巖(yan)路“番仔(zi)墓(mu)”辟(pi)為(wei)解放公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),后又改(gai)為(wei)鼓浪(lang)(lang)(lang)嶼(yu)音樂(le)廳。60年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai),進行街(jie)道綠(lv)化(hua)和小游園(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設。建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和平公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),在(zai)(zai)國(guo)姓井西(xi)側花圃(pu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)海(hai)濱(bin)浴(yu)場更衣(yi)沖水室、國(guo)姓井餐廳及噴泉等(deng)。70年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai)末(mo)至80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代(dai),進行大(da)規模園(yuan)(yuan)林綠(lv)化(hua)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設,綠(lv)化(hua)面(mian)積(ji)(ji)達1.52公(gong)(gong)頃(qing),種植喬灌木50多(duo)種10萬多(duo)株(zhu),鋪植草坪4097平方(fang)米(mi)。修(xiu)復日(ri)光巖(yan)及寺廟,增辟(pi)梯山(shan)小筑(zhu)(zhu);投資70萬元,修(xiu)復菽莊(zhuang)花園(yuan)(yuan),新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)眉壽堂,重塑林爾(er)(er)嘉銅(tong)像(xiang),增建(jian)(jian)(jian)聽濤軒、蛇嶺花苑(yuan)、頑石(shi)山(shan)房;整治港仔(zi)后海(hai)濱(bin)浴(yu)場及配(pei)套設施,重建(jian)(jian)(jian)和平公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan),面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1.78公(gong)(gong)頃(qing);新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)皓月園(yuan)(yuan),面(mian)積(ji)(ji)1.94公(gong)(gong)頃(qing);在(zai)(zai)復鼎(ding)巖(yan)上(shang)豎(shu)立總高15.7米(mi)、重量1400多(duo)噸(dun)(dun)、造價122萬元,由625塊花崗石(shi)砌成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)鄭(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong)雕像(xiang);新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)毓園(yuan)(yuan)及林巧稚(zhi)大(da)夫的(de)漢白玉雕像(xiang),以及鼓浪(lang)(lang)(lang)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan)、筆架山(shan)公(gong)(gong)園(yuan)(yuan);開(kai)辟(pi)大(da)德記海(hai)濱(bin)浴(yu)場;開(kai)辟(pi)環島路,新(xin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)觀海(hai)園(yuan)(yuan)旅游碼(ma)頭等(deng)。1990年(nian)(nian)(nian)在(zai)(zai)皓月園(yuan)(yuan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)再現鄭(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong)驅(qu)逐荷(he)蘭侵略者的(de)浮雕一座,主體高4.7米(mi)、寬(kuan)13.7米(mi),用(yong)銅(tong)200噸(dun)(dun)。