一、純電動汽車容易自燃嗎
純電動汽車不易(yi)自燃爆(bao)炸。雖(sui)然近(jin)年來(lai)不斷有各種(zhong)新(xin)聞報(bao)道某品(pin)牌(pai)新(xin)能源(yuan)電(dian)動汽車(che)自燃,但根據(ju)國家監管平臺安全(quan)監管數據(ju)顯示,近(jin)兩年新(xin)能源(yuan)汽車(che)起(qi)火事(shi)(shi)故(gu)的概率僅為0.000026%,而傳統燃油車(che)的起(qi)火事(shi)(shi)故(gu)概率為0.0001-0.0002%。
由此(ci)可見(jian),新能源電(dian)動汽車起(qi)火(huo)的概率還是比(bi)較小的。目前,我國(guo)新能源汽車保有量已超過1000萬輛(liang),但無故發生自燃事故的新能源汽車屈指可數。
當(dang)然,新能源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車不(bu)易自(zi)燃(ran)并不(bu)代表車輛不(bu)會自(zi)燃(ran)。純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車自(zi)燃(ran)基本源于動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)。起(qi)火事故(gu)的原因中(zhong),動力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)自(zi)燃(ran)占(zhan)比為31%。快速充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi),導電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)性不(bu)好的鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)容易產生(sheng)大(da)量熱量,溫度急劇升高(gao),導致熱失控(kong)。汽(qi)車在(zai)(zai)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程(cheng)中(zhong)發生(sheng)自(zi)燃(ran),也有可能是車主操作不(bu)當(dang)引發。車輛的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)控(kong)系(xi)統出現故(gu)障,或者(zhe)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)組發生(sheng)碰撞、變(bian)形,導致電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)內(nei)部元器件損壞及正負極短(duan)路,純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車仍(reng)然存在(zai)(zai)自(zi)燃(ran)爆炸的風險。所以大(da)家在(zai)(zai)使用(yong)純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車汽(qi)車的時(shi)候要注意防范。
二、電動汽車如何防自燃
1、一定(ding)要定(ding)期給電池進(jin)行保養(yang)。
2、給汽車充電的時候,一定(ding)要(yao)確認汽車周圍的環境是安全(quan)的,沒有易燃易爆的物(wu)品。
3、汽車(che)充(chong)(chong)電的時候一定要用標準的充(chong)(chong)電頭,避免長(chang)時間充(chong)(chong)電。
4、炎熱的夏季最好將電(dian)動汽(qi)車停(ting)在通風陰涼的地方,盡可能避免長時間陽(yang)光曝曬。
5、一定要(yao)避免車輛(liang)電池(chi)組碰撞的發生。
6、避免長(chang)時間駕(jia)駛(shi),長(chang)時間駕(jia)駛(shi)會(hui)導致電(dian)池負荷增大,適時在服(fu)務區休息讓電(dian)池降(jiang)溫。
三、純電動汽車發生自燃怎么處理
1、發現車輛著(zhu)火(huo),如能切(qie)(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)源,必(bi)須立即切(qie)(qie)斷電(dian)(dian)源,并將鑰匙放在(zai)信號屏蔽的地(di)方(fang),最(zui)好(hao)放置(zhi)到距離車輛10米以外的地(di)方(fang)。電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車一旦(dan)脫離鑰匙,會自(zi)動(dong)斷電(dian)(dian)鎖車,降(jiang)低了電(dian)(dian)氣系統帶電(dian)(dian)引發故障的可能。
2、動力電(dian)池(chi)(chi)著火后很難撲(pu)(pu)滅(mie),因為大部分(fen)動力電(dian)池(chi)(chi)都是鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi),可(ke)(ke)能(neng)需要(yao)24小(xiao)時才(cai)能(neng)撲(pu)(pu)滅(mie)火情。如果冒煙,證明電(dian)池(chi)(chi)內部溫度仍然很高(gao),隨時可(ke)(ke)能(neng)有復(fu)燃的情況(kuang),此時一定(ding)要(yao)密切關注(zhu)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)情況(kuang),并及時致電(dian)消防部門,以(yi)便消防部門盡快撲(pu)(pu)滅(mie)火災。
3、車輛(liang)著火時,盡快遠離車輛(liang),注意防止高溫和有毒氣體,因為動力電池(chi)一旦著火,會發生(sheng)彎曲、變形、損(sun)壞,并伴有大(da)量有毒氣體,如氰(qing)化氫、氟化氫等,此時一定要注意自身安(an)全。
4、行駛中如發生(sheng)碰(peng)撞(zhuang)、自(zi)燃,應盡快切斷電(dian)源并(bing)離開(kai)車(che)輛。如果車(che)門(men)變形打不開(kai),可(ke)用車(che)內(nei)可(ke)用的東西砸(za)碎車(che)窗(chuang)玻(bo)璃,從(cong)車(che)窗(chuang)逃生(sheng)。